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Systematic Reviews & Meta-analysis

Systematic Review: Low‐carbohydrate vs. balanced‐carbohydrate diets for reducing weight and cardiovascular risk.

30 Jan, 2022 | 14:28h | UTC

Low‐carbohydrate versus balanced‐carbohydrate diets for reducing weight and cardiovascular risk – Cochrane Library

Summary: Low-carbohydrate diets or balanced-carbohydrate diets: which works better for weight loss and heart disease risks? – Cochrane Library

Commentary: Featured review: Low-carbohydrate versus balanced-carbohydrate diets for reducing weight and cardiovascular risk – Cochrane Library

 

Commentary on Twitter

https://twitter.com/CochraneUK/status/1487879806100414474

 

Systematic Review: Combined intermittent pneumatic leg compression and pharmacological prophylaxis for prevention of venous thromboembolism.

30 Jan, 2022 | 14:04h | UTC

Combined intermittent pneumatic leg compression and pharmacological prophylaxis for prevention of venous thromboembolism – Cochrane Library

 

M-A: Helicobacter pylori eradication may result in modest improvement in functional dyspepsia.

30 Jan, 2022 | 14:01h | UTC

Efficacy of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy for functional dyspepsia: updated systematic review and meta-analysis – Gut (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: H. pylori eradication therapy may lead to better outcomes for functional dyspepsia – ACP Gastroenterology

 

M-A: SGLT-2 inhibitors and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with and without a history of heart failure.

30 Jan, 2022 | 13:56h | UTC

SGLT-2 inhibitors and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with and without a history of heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis – European Heart Journal – Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Systematic Review: Cephalomedullary nails vs. extramedullary implants for extracapsular hip fractures in older adults.

30 Jan, 2022 | 13:44h | UTC

Cephalomedullary nails versus extramedullary implants for extracapsular hip fractures in older adults – Cochrane Library

Summary: Metal implants used to fix broken bones near the hip joint in older adults – Cochrane Library

 

Commentary on Twitter

https://twitter.com/CochraneUK/status/1487425423483064324

 

WHO systematic review and meta-analysis: efficacy and safety of pharmacological, physical, and psychological interventions for the management of chronic pain in children.

28 Jan, 2022 | 08:27h | UTC

Efficacy and safety of pharmacological, physical, and psychological interventions for the management of chronic pain in children: a WHO systematic review and meta-analysis – Pain

 

M-A: Surgical management of rib fractures after blunt trauma.

28 Jan, 2022 | 08:02h | UTC

Surgical management of rib fractures after blunt trauma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials – Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England

 

M-A: Not enough evidence that micronutrient supplementation in addition to standard nutritional support improves clinical outcomes in malnourished medical inpatients.

27 Jan, 2022 | 09:34h | UTC

Effect of micronutrient supplementation in addition to nutritional therapy on clinical outcomes of medical inpatients: results of an updated systematic review and meta-analysis – European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

Preconception exposures and adverse pregnancy, birth and postpartum outcomes: Umbrella review of systematic reviews.

27 Jan, 2022 | 09:20h | UTC

Preconception exposures and adverse pregnancy, birth and postpartum outcomes: Umbrella review of systematic reviews – Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology

 

Systematic Review: Immunotherapy (excluding checkpoint inhibitors) for stage I to III non‐small cell lung cancer treated with surgery or radiotherapy with curative intent.

27 Jan, 2022 | 09:15h | UTC

Immunotherapy (excluding checkpoint inhibitors) for stage I to III non‐small cell lung cancer treated with surgery or radiotherapy with curative intent – Cochrane Library

 

Systematic Review: Ultrafiltration for acute heart failure.

26 Jan, 2022 | 01:33h | UTC

Ultrafiltration for acute heart failure – Cochrane Library

Commentary: Fluid removal therapy in acute heart failure – Cochrane Library

 

Systematic Review: Delayed introduction of progressive enteral feeds to prevent necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants.

26 Jan, 2022 | 01:27h | UTC

Delayed introduction of progressive enteral feeds to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants – Cochrane Library

Summary: Delayed introduction of progressive enteral feeds to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants – Cochrane Library

 

Systematic Review: Oral antihistamine‐decongestant‐analgesic combinations for the common cold.

26 Jan, 2022 | 01:31h | UTC

Oral antihistamine‐decongestant‐analgesic combinations for the common cold – Cochrane Library

Commentary: Oral antihistamine-decongestant-analgesic combinations for the common cold – Cochrane Library

 

M-A: Impact of enhanced recovery protocols after pancreatoduodenectomy.

24 Jan, 2022 | 08:00h | UTC

Impact of enhanced recovery protocols after pancreatoduodenectomy: meta-analysis – British Journal of Surgery (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Related:

RCT: Pancreatoduodenectomy with or without prophylactic falciform ligament wrap around the hepatic artery for prevention of postpancreatectomy haemorrhage.

Randomized Trial: Gastrointestinal Complications After Pancreatoduodenectomy With Epidural vs. Patient-Controlled Intravenous Analgesia

[Abstract Only] Meta‐analysis of Effect of Routine Enteral Nutrition on Postoperative Outcomes after Pancreatoduodenectomy

Randomized Trial: Oral vs. Enteral Feeding for Patients with Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula After Pancreatoduodenectomy

See also: Complete List of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Society Guidelines (some guidelines are free)

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Systematic Review: In people with Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia with agitation and psychosis, atypical antipsychotics probably reduce agitation slightly (moderate‐certainty evidence) but probably have a negligible effect on psychosis or risk of any adverse event.

21 Jan, 2022 | 09:50h | UTC

Antipsychotics for agitation and psychosis in people with Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia – Cochrane Library

Summary: Do antipsychotic medicines reduce  agitated behaviour and psychotic symptoms in people with Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia? – Cochrane Library

 

M-A: In comatose survivors of cardiac arrest, targeted hypothermia is not associated with improved survival or better neurological outcomes vs. targeted normothermia.

21 Jan, 2022 | 09:29h | UTC

Targeted Hypothermia Versus Targeted Normothermia In Survivors of Cardiac Arrest: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials – American Journal of Medicine

Related:

RCT: In comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, there was no difference in mortality and neurologic outcomes with mild (target temperature of 34 °C) vs. moderate therapeutic hypothermia (target temperature of 31 °C).

M-A: Targeted temperature management following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest – “Routine use of moderate or deep hypothermia in comatose survivors of OHCA may potentially be associated with more harm than benefit”.

RCT: In patients with coma after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, targeted hypothermia did not improve outcomes.

 

M-A: the accuracy of serological tests to support the diagnosis of celiac disease.

20 Jan, 2022 | 09:02h | UTC

Systematic review with meta-analysis: the accuracy of serological tests to support the diagnosis of coeliac disease – Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics

 

Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials: Drug treatment for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia.

20 Jan, 2022 | 09:06h | UTC

Drug treatment for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials – The BMJ

 

M-A: Association of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors with cardiovascular outcomes in patients with Type 2 Diabetes and other risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

20 Jan, 2022 | 08:42h | UTC

Association of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors With Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Other Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease: A Meta-analysis – JAMA Network Open

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Systematic Review: Exercise training for adults undergoing maintenance dialysis.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:32h | UTC

Exercise training for adults undergoing maintenance dialysis – Cochrane Library

Summary: Exercise training for adults receiving dialysis treatments – Cochrane Library

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Systematic Review: Intermittent prophylactic antibiotics for bronchiectasis.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:33h | UTC

Intermittent prophylactic antibiotics for bronchiectasis – Cochrane Library

Summary: Long term antibiotics taken at regular intervals by people with bronchiectasis – Cochrane Library

 

M-A: Evaluation of interventions to reduce opioid prescribing for patients discharged from the emergency department.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:13h | UTC

Evaluation of Interventions to Reduce Opioid Prescribing for Patients Discharged From the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis – JAMA Network Open

Invited commentary: Optimizing Opioid Prescriptions for Patients in the Emergency Department—How Much Is Almost Never? – JAMA Network Open

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials: Impact of intraoperative intravenous magnesium on spine surgery.

18 Jan, 2022 | 09:19h | UTC

Impact of intraoperative intravenous magnesium on spine surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials – EClinicalMedicine

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Systematic Review: Restrictive transfusion thresholds can safely decrease transfusions by 41% across a broad range of clinical contexts.

14 Jan, 2022 | 08:18h | UTC

Transfusion thresholds for guiding red blood cell transfusion – Cochrane Library

Summary: Is it safe to use lower blood counts (haemoglobin levels) as a trigger for blood transfusion in order to give fewer blood transfusions? – Cochrane Library

Related:

RCT: Among patients with acute MI and anemia, a restrictive transfusion strategy resulted in a noninferior rate of major cardiovascular events compared to a liberal transfusion strategy

Randomized trial: Liberal vs. restrictive transfusion thresholds in extremely low-birth-weight infants

Meta-Analysis: Effects of Restrictive vs. Liberal Transfusion Strategies on Longer-term Outcomes After Cardiac Surgery

Randomized Trial: In Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery, A Restrictive Transfusion Approach Does Not Increase the Risk of Acute Kidney Injury

Effects of restrictive red blood cell transfusion on the prognoses of adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials – Critical Care

Research: Restrictive or Liberal Red-Cell Transfusion for Cardiac Surgery

Transfusion Requirements After Cardiac Surgery: The TRACS Randomized Controlled Trial – JAMA

 

Commentary on Twitter

https://twitter.com/cochraneINJ/status/1473667822542888964

 

Systematic Review: Ketamine for the treatment of mental health and substance use disorders.

14 Jan, 2022 | 08:08h | UTC

Ketamine for the treatment of mental health and substance use disorders: comprehensive systematic review – BJPsych Open

Commentaries:

Ketamine therapy swiftly reduces depression and suicidal thoughts – University of Exeter

Ketamine May Quickly Ease Tough-to-Treat Depression – HealthDay

 

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