Pediatrics – Neurology
Cohort Study | Long-term risk of epilepsy following invasive Group B Streptococcus disease in neonates
9 May, 2023 | 14:25h | UTC
RCT | Cerebral oximetry monitoring fails to reduce death or severe brain injury in extremely preterm infants
25 Apr, 2023 | 14:45h | UTCCerebral Oximetry Monitoring in Extremely Preterm Infants – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary on Twitter
In extremely preterm infants, the use of cerebral oximetry monitoring to guide treatment for the first 72 hours after birth did not reduce the risk of death or severe brain injury at 36 weeks’ postmenstrual age. Full study: https://t.co/JX7Ra3OpjM pic.twitter.com/VACbUUAq3i
— NEJM (@NEJM) April 19, 2023
M-A | Retinopathy of prematurity and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants
10 Apr, 2023 | 13:36h | UTC
Review of noninvasive neuromonitoring modalities in children: EEG, qEEG
27 Mar, 2023 | 12:50h | UTCReview of Noninvasive Neuromonitoring Modalities in Children II: EEG, qEEG – Neurocritical Care (if the link is paywalled, try this one)
RCT | Safety and efficacy of pitolisant in children aged 6 years or older with narcolepsy with or without cataplexy
23 Mar, 2023 | 12:44h | UTCSafety and efficacy of pitolisant in children aged 6 years or older with narcolepsy with or without cataplexy: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial – The Lancet Neurology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
RCT | Impact of two ketogenic diet types in refractory childhood epilepsy
16 Mar, 2023 | 13:13h | UTCImpact of two ketogenic diet types in refractory childhood epilepsy – Pediatric Research
Related:
Efficacy and Safety of Dietary Therapies for Childhood Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis – JAMA Pediatrics (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Safety, Efficacy, and Tolerability of Modified Atkins Diet in Persons With Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial – Neurology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
SR | Surgical treatments for epilepsies in children aged 1–36 months
10 Mar, 2023 | 14:21h | UTCSurgical Treatments for Epilepsies in Children Aged 1–36 Months: A Systematic Review – Neurology
Commentary on Twitter
Tsou and colleagues summarize findings of a systematic review commissioned by the @AmEpilepsySoc to assess evidence and identify evidence gaps for surgical treatments for #epilepsy in children aged 1–36 months without infantile spasms. Read the article: https://t.co/Q1WW8Yy0Jf pic.twitter.com/Ko1c27x6cw
— Neurology Journal (@GreenJournal) January 9, 2023
10-year follow-up on preterm prelabor rupture of membranes: induced labor vs. expectant management childhood outcomes
16 Feb, 2023 | 15:05h | UTCSummary: This study aimed to compare the long-term outcomes of children born after singleton pregnancies complicated by preterm prelabor rupture of membranes and managed by induction of labor vs. expectant management in RCTs undergone between 2007 and 2011. The study assessed the children’s cognition, motor function, and behavior as the primary outcomes. It found that expectant management did not improve long-term outcomes compared to induction of labor for children born after pregnancies with preterm prelabor (between 34 0/7 and 36 6/7 weeks of pregnancy) rupture of membranes. The confidence in the results of this follow-up study is diminished because only 35% of the children who participated in the original trials participated in the follow-up study.
*Note: This summary was created through the collaboration of a medical editor and ChatGPT.
Diagnostic Study | Level of attention to motherese speech as an early marker of autism spectrum disorder
14 Feb, 2023 | 11:04h | UTCSummary: A study was conducted to determine if levels of attention to motherese speech can be used as a diagnostic marker for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and if they are associated with social and language abilities. The study involved 653 toddlers aged 12 to 48 months and used gaze-contingent eye tracking to measure attention to motherese speech. The results showed that toddlers without ASD had high levels of fixation on motherese speech, while those with ASD had significantly reduced levels. If a toddler fixated on motherese speech at or below 30%, the probability of them being accurately diagnosed with ASD was 94%, and it was also associated with reduced social and language abilities. The findings suggest that attention to motherese speech may be a diagnostic and prognostic marker of ASD.
(By ChatGPT, reviewed and edited)
Commentaries:
Toddlers’ Attention to ‘Motherese’ Could Give Clues to Autism – HealthDay
Cohort Study | In utero exposure to ADHD medication does not seem to result in worse offspring neurodevelopmental outcomes
14 Feb, 2023 | 10:54h | UTCSummary: The authors conducted a study to investigate the long-term effects of in utero exposure to ADHD medication (methylphenidate, amphetamine, dexamphetamine, lisdexamphetamine, modafinil, atomoxetine, clonidine) on offspring. The study followed 1,068,073 liveborn singletons from 1998 to 2018 and compared the outcomes of children whose mothers continued or discontinued ADHD medication during pregnancy. The main outcomes were neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorders, impairments in vision or hearing, epilepsy, seizures, or growth impairment during childhood or adolescence. After adjustment for demographic and psychiatric characteristics of the mother, no increased risk of any developmental disorders was found in offspring exposed to ADHD medication compared to those not exposed. The results provide reassurance for women with ADHD who depend on medication and consider continuing it during pregnancy.
(By ChatGPT, reviewed and edited)
Article: In utero exposure to ADHD medication and long-term offspring outcomes – Molecular Psychiatry (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary from the author on Twitter (thread – click for more)
In-utero exposure to ADHD medication is not associated with long-term adverse neurodevelopmental disorders and growth restriction in the offspring.
Read the thread below 🧵on our new paper just published in @molpsychiatry
👉 https://t.co/MKZ0aeFnhU#ADHD— Kathrine Bang Madsen (@Kathrine_BaMa) February 9, 2023
M-A | Comparative antiseizure medications for adjunctive treatment in children with drug-resistant focal-onset seizures
9 Feb, 2023 | 13:22h | UTC
Cohort Study | Neurodevelopmental outcomes after late-onset meningitis in children born extremely preterm
7 Feb, 2023 | 13:38h | UTCCommentary: Late-Onset Meningitis ID’d in 1 Percent of Extreme Preemies – HealthDay
Commentary on Twitter
A cohort study in @JAMANetworkOpen examines neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants born < 26 weeks with late onset meningitis https://t.co/AmnRiKaeYt #EBNEOalerts #neoEBM #neotwitter pic.twitter.com/USlLDbG2UY
— Evidence-Based Neo (@EBNEO) December 28, 2022
M-A | Effect of early childhood development interventions to improve cognitive outcomes in children at 0–36 months
6 Feb, 2023 | 13:14h | UTCEffect of early childhood development interventions delivered by healthcare providers to improve cognitive outcomes in children at 0–36 months: a systematic review and meta-analysis – Archives of Disease in Childhood (free for a limited period)
M-A | Efficacy and safety of dietary therapies for childhood drug-resistant epilepsy
6 Feb, 2023 | 13:00h | UTCEfficacy and Safety of Dietary Therapies for Childhood Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis – JAMA Pediatrics (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Related:
Commentary on Twitter
Modified Atkins diet may have better tolerability and higher probability of short-term seizure reduction than ketogenic diet. https://t.co/B416ypjUWr
— JAMA Pediatrics (@JAMAPediatrics) January 30, 2023
Cohort Study | Associations between infant screen use, electroencephalography markers, and cognitive outcomes
1 Feb, 2023 | 13:34h | UTCCommentaries:
Infant Screen Use Linked to Alterations in Cortical EEG Before Age 2 – HealthDay
Your child’s academic success may start with their screen time as infants, study says – CNN
RCT | Assessment of infant position and timing of stylet removal to improve lumbar puncture success in neonates
31 Jan, 2023 | 14:07h | UTCNews Release: Lumbar punctures in newborn babies are more successful when performed in sitting position – Oxford Population Health
Commentary on Twitter
NEW: The NeoCLEAR RCT found improved success rates with #neonatal #lumberpuncture when sitting rather than lying.
Sitting lumbar puncture is safe, cost neutral, and well tolerated.
Paper by @ndy__marshall, @ccroehr & team: https://t.co/A1OTGBTNm0#neoEBM
— The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health (@LancetChildAdol) November 30, 2022
SR | Prognosis of adults and children following a first unprovoked seizure
30 Jan, 2023 | 00:45h | UTCPrognosis of adults and children following a first unprovoked seizure – Cochrane Library
Summary: Predicting a second seizure after a single unprovoked seizure – Cochrane Library
Review | Common sleep disorders in children
24 Jan, 2023 | 14:22h | UTCCommon Sleep Disorders in Children – American Family Physician
Note: AFP provides superb review articles that are freely available one year after publication.
RCT | Telehealth treatment of behavior problems in young children with developmental delay
20 Jan, 2023 | 14:38h | UTCTelehealth Treatment of Behavior Problems in Young Children With Developmental Delay: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Pediatrics (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentaries:
Telehealth Parent-Child Interaction Therapy Aids Child Behavior – HealthDay
Commentary on Twitter
Study provides evidence that a #telehealth-delivered parenting intervention with real-time therapist coaching led to significant and maintained improvements for young children with #DevelopmentalDelay and their caregivers. https://t.co/xYOOxDfL4U
— JAMA Pediatrics (@JAMAPediatrics) January 10, 2023
Gestational age at birth and cognitive outcomes in adolescence: population based full sibling cohort study
19 Jan, 2023 | 14:27h | UTCEditorial: Gestational age at birth and school performance – The BMJ
News Release: Premature birth linked to poorer school grades in adolescence – BMJ
Cohort Study | Neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring conceived via IVF vs. intracytoplasmic sperm injection
19 Jan, 2023 | 14:12h | UTC
Cohort Study | Prenatal carbamazepine exposure and academic performance in adolescents.
13 Dec, 2022 | 14:22h | UTCPrenatal Carbamazepine Exposure and Academic Performance in Adolescents: A Population-Based Cohort Study – Neurology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Systematic Review | Management of infantile epilepsies.
13 Dec, 2022 | 14:18h | UTCManagement of Infantile Epilepsies – Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
Cohort Study | Comparative safety of antiseizure medication monotherapy in pregnancy for major malformations.
9 Dec, 2022 | 13:10h | UTCComparative safety of antiseizure medication monotherapy for major malformations – Annals of Neurology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Related:
Risks of 23 Specific Malformations Associated with Prenatal Exposure to 10 Antiepileptic Drugs
Research: Topiramate Use Early in Pregnancy and the Risk of Oral Clefts
Educational attainment of children born to mothers with epilepsy – Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Cohort Study | Preschool neurodevelopment in Zika virus-exposed children without congenital Zika syndrome.
5 Dec, 2022 | 00:09h | UTCNews Release: Zika-exposed children may display neurodevelopmental differences, study finds – Children’s National Hospital