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Pediatrics – Pulmonology

Guideline | Management of severe bronchiolitis in infants under 12 months admitted to a pediatric critical care unit

27 Jan, 2023 | 12:32h | UTC

Clinical practice guidelines: management of severe bronchiolitis in infants under 12 months old admitted to a pediatric critical care unit – Intensive Care Medicine

 

Commentary on Twitter

https://twitter.com/yourICM/status/1610855347203309568

 

Executive Summary | Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome

23 Jan, 2023 | 13:45h | UTC

Executive Summary of the Second International Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (PALICC-2) – Pediatric Critical Care Medicine

 

RCT | Intranasal mometasone furoate and saline are similarly effective for sleep-disordered breathing in children

23 Jan, 2023 | 13:39h | UTC

Effectiveness of Intranasal Mometasone Furoate vs Saline for Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Pediatrics (free for a limited period)

News Release: Simple nasal spray significantly reduces snoring and breathing difficulties in children – Murdoch Childrens Research Institute

Commentary: Pediatric Sleep-Disordered Breathing Managed in Primary Care with Corticosteroid or Saline – HCP Live

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Clinical challenges in pediatric ventilation liberation: a meta-narrative review

23 Jan, 2023 | 13:31h | UTC

Clinical Challenges in Pediatric Ventilation Liberation: A Meta-Narrative Review – Pediatric Critical Care Medicine

 

M-A | Noninvasive ventilation for acute respiratory failure in pediatric patients

23 Jan, 2023 | 13:30h | UTC

Noninvasive Ventilation for Acute Respiratory Failure in Pediatric Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis – Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (free for a limited period)

 

M-A | High-flow oxygen and other noninvasive respiratory support therapies in bronchiolitis

23 Jan, 2023 | 13:28h | UTC

High-Flow Oxygen and Other Noninvasive Respiratory Support Therapies in Bronchiolitis: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analyses – Pediatric Critical Care Medicine

 

RCT | Early high-flow nasal oxygen did not improve outcomes in hospitalized children with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure

18 Jan, 2023 | 14:34h | UTC

Effect of Early High-Flow Nasal Oxygen vs Standard Oxygen Therapy on Length of Hospital Stay in Hospitalized Children With Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure: The PARIS-2 Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA (free for a limited period)

See also: Visual Abstract

 

Consensus statement | Use of a 4-month treatment regimen for drug susceptible TB in children with uncomplicated disease

18 Jan, 2023 | 14:25h | UTC

Consensus statement on the use of a four-month treatment regimen for drug susceptible tuberculosis in children (< 10 years of age) with uncomplicated disease – Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care

 

UK National case series of group A streptococcus pleural empyema in children: clinical and microbiological features

15 Jan, 2023 | 20:24h | UTC

National case series of group A streptococcus pleural empyema in children: clinical and microbiological features – The Lancet Infectious Diseases

 

Commentary from the author on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

SR | Interventions for the eradication of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in people with cystic fibrosis

12 Jan, 2023 | 13:04h | UTC

Interventions for the eradication of meticillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in people with cystic fibrosis – Cochrane Library

 

SR | Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis.

13 Dec, 2022 | 14:15h | UTC

Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis – Cochrane Library

Summary: Inhaling antibiotics to treat lung infection in people with cystic fibrosis – Cochrane Library

 

RCT | Effect of Vitamin C for pregnant smokers on offspring airway function and wheeze at age 5 years.

8 Dec, 2022 | 12:47h | UTC

Effect of Vitamin C Supplementation for Pregnant Smokers on Offspring Airway Function and Wheeze at Age 5 Years: Follow-up of a Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Pediatrics (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

News Release: Researchers discover that vitamin C improves health for children of pregnant smokers – Oregon Health & Science University

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

M-A | Efficacy of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying doses of inhaled corticosteroids in asthma.

7 Dec, 2022 | 14:26h | UTC

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying doses of inhaled corticosteroids in adolescents and adults with asthma: a systematic review and network meta‐analysis – Cochrane Library

 

RCT | Discontinuation vs. continuation of hypertonic saline or dornase alfa in modulator treated people with cystic fibrosis.

23 Nov, 2022 | 13:36h | UTC

Discontinuation versus continuation of hypertonic saline or dornase alfa in modulator treated people with cystic fibrosis (SIMPLIFY): results from two parallel, multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trials – The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (free registration required)

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

M-A | A short course of antibiotics is noninferior to long-course therapy in children with nonsevere pneumonia.

16 Nov, 2022 | 13:43h | UTC

Short-Course vs Long-Course Antibiotic Therapy for Children With Nonsevere Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis – JAMA Pediatrics (free for a limited period)

Commentary: Review: Shorter antibiotic course sufficient for kids with pneumonia – CIDRAP

Related:

RCT | Among neonates with probable bacterial infection, switching from intravenous to oral antibiotics (amoxicillin–clavulanic acid) was noninferior to a full course of intravenous antibiotics and resulted in shorter hospitalization (median duration of 3.4 vs. 6.8 days).

RCT: In children with community-acquired pneumonia, outpatient antibiotic therapy for 5 days resulted in similar clinical response rates compared to a standard 10-day strategy.

ACP Guidance: Appropriate Use of Short-Course Antibiotics in Common Infections

RCT: 5 days of high-dose amoxicillin therapy noninferior to 10 days for the treatment of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia

RCT: Among children with community-acquired pneumonia discharged within 48 hours from the ED or hospital, lower-dose outpatient oral amoxicillin was noninferior to a higher dose, and a 3-day duration course was noninferior to 7 days.

Treatment of urinary tract infections in infants <2 Months: A Living Systematic Review – short and long duration of parenteral antibiotics were associated with a similar risk of UTI recurrence.

RCT: 7 days of antibiotic therapy as good as 14 days for afebrile men with urinary tract infection.

Randomized Trial: Seven vs. Fourteen Days of Antibiotic Therapy for Uncomplicated Gram-negative Bacteremia

Meta-Analysis: Efficacy of Short-Course Antibiotic Treatments for Community-Acquired Pneumonia

 

SR | Masks vs. prongs as interfaces for nasal continuous positive airway pressure in preterm infants.

16 Nov, 2022 | 13:31h | UTC

Masks versus prongs as interfaces for nasal continuous positive airway pressure in preterm infants – Cochrane Library

Summary: Nasal masks versus nasal prongs for continuous positive airway pressure in preterm infants – Cochrane Library

 

RCT | Evaluation of mRNA-1273 vaccine in children 6 months to 5 years of age.

20 Oct, 2022 | 12:35h | UTC

Evaluation of mRNA-1273 Vaccine in Children 6 Months to 5 Years of Age – New England Journal of Medicine

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

RCT | Impact of vaping prevention advertisements on adolescents.

14 Oct, 2022 | 13:57h | UTC

Impact of Vaping Prevention Advertisements on US Adolescents: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Network Open

News Release: Researchers find FDA ‘Real Cost’ ads reduce teen openness to vaping – UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Development of a symptom-based tool for screening of children at high risk of preschool asthma.

11 Oct, 2022 | 13:34h | UTC

Development of a Symptom-Based Tool for Screening of Children at High Risk of Preschool Asthma – JAMA Network Open

News Release: Simple new tool allows primary caregivers to detect young kids at high risk of asthma – McMaster University

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Systematic Review | Home care for bronchiolitis.

21 Sep, 2022 | 13:14h | UTC

Home Care for Bronchiolitis: a Systematic Review – Pediatrics

Commentary: Home oxygen therapy for bronchiolitis feasible, cost-effective, and favorable to caregivers – Physician’s Weekly

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Review | COVID-19 in children.

8 Sep, 2022 | 14:43h | UTC

COVID-19 in Children – Pediatric Clinics of North America

 

Systematic Review | Probiotics for preventing acute upper respiratory tract infections.

6 Sep, 2022 | 14:40h | UTC

Probiotics for preventing acute upper respiratory tract infections – Cochrane Library

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Brief Review | What’s new in pediatric ventilator liberation?

5 Sep, 2022 | 14:29h | UTC

What’s new in paediatric ventilator liberation? – Intensive Care Medicine

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Study Commentary | Zinc for the prevention or treatment of respiratory tract infections: a new systematic review.

1 Sep, 2022 | 11:46h | UTC

Zinc for the prevention or treatment of respiratory tract infections: A new systematic review – Science-Based Medicine

Original Study: M-A: Zinc might help to stave off respiratory infection symptoms and cut illness duration – “But quality of evidence variable, and no clarity on optimal formulation or dose”.

 

Guideline | Management of preschool wheezing.

31 Aug, 2022 | 11:37h | UTC

Management of Preschool Wheezing: Guideline from the Emilia-Romagna Asthma (ERA) Study Group – Journal of Clinical Medicine

 

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