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Pediatrics – Pulmonology

ATS Guideline: Outpatient respiratory management of infants, children, and adolescents with post-prematurity respiratory disease.

21 Jan, 2022 | 09:55h | UTC

Outpatient Respiratory Management of Infants, Children, and Adolescents with Post-Prematurity Respiratory Disease: An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline – American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

News Release: Outpatient Management of Patients with Post-Prematurity Respiratory Disease: American Thoracic Society Publishes New Clinical Practice Guideline

 

RCT: In children with community-acquired pneumonia, outpatient antibiotic therapy for 5 days resulted in similar clinical response rates compared to a standard 10-day strategy.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:39h | UTC

Short- vs Standard-Course Outpatient Antibiotic Therapy for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children: The SCOUT-CAP Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Pediatrics (free for a limited period)

Commentaries:

Trial finds 5 days of antibiotics superior to 10 for kids with pneumonia – CIDRAP

Shorter antibiotics treatment is better for young children with outpatient pneumonia – Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Related:

ACP Guidance: Appropriate Use of Short-Course Antibiotics in Common Infections

RCT: 5 days of high-dose amoxicillin therapy noninferior to 10 days for the treatment of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia

RCT: Among children with community-acquired pneumonia discharged within 48 hours from the ED or hospital, lower-dose outpatient oral amoxicillin was noninferior to a higher dose, and a 3-day duration course was noninferior to 7 days.

Treatment of urinary tract infections in infants <2 Months: A Living Systematic Review – short and long duration of parenteral antibiotics were associated with a similar risk of UTI recurrence.

RCT: 7 days of antibiotic therapy as good as 14 days for afebrile men with urinary tract infection.

Randomized Trial: Seven vs. Fourteen Days of Antibiotic Therapy for Uncomplicated Gram-negative Bacteremia

Meta-Analysis: Efficacy of Short-Course Antibiotic Treatments for Community-Acquired Pneumonia

 

RCT: Among children between the ages of 6 and 11 years with uncontrolled moderate-to-severe asthma, add-on Dupilumab reduced exacerbations and improved lung function.

9 Dec, 2021 | 10:21h | UTC

Dupilumab in Children with Uncontrolled Moderate-to-Severe Asthma – New England Journal of Medicine

Commentary: International study supports dupilumab for treatment of moderate-to-severe asthma in children – Vanderbilt University Medical Center

 

Bronchiolitis: evidence and guidance for practice.

8 Dec, 2021 | 09:55h | UTC

Bronchiolitis: evidence and guidance for practice – Evidently Cochrane

 

AAP Clinical Report | Tuberculosis Infection in Children and Adolescents.

2 Dec, 2021 | 09:58h | UTC

Tuberculosis Infection in Children and Adolescents: Testing and Treatment – Pediatrics

 

AAP Clinical Report: Biologics for Asthma and Allergic Skin Diseases in Children.

19 Nov, 2021 | 10:34h | UTC

Biologics for Asthma and Allergic Skin Diseases in Children – Pediatrics

 

Deaths in children and young people in England after SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first pandemic year – “In total, 99.995% of children and young people with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test survived”.

12 Nov, 2021 | 10:39h | UTC

Deaths in children and young people in England after SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first pandemic year – Nature

Related:

[Preprint] Study confirms children’s extremely low risk of death from Covid-19 – “99·995% of children and young people with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test survived”.

Study: Children and young people remain at low risk of COVID-19 mortality

 

Commentaries on Twitter

 

M-A: Risk factors for poor prognosis in children and adolescents with COVID-19.

22 Oct, 2021 | 10:24h | UTC

Risk factors for poor prognosis in children and adolescents with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis – EClinicalMedicine

 

State of the Art Review: Diagnosis and management of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

21 Oct, 2021 | 09:56h | UTC

Diagnosis and management of bronchopulmonary dysplasia – The BMJ

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

RCT confirms antibiotics are not needed for most children with uncomplicated lower respiratory tract infection if pneumonia is not suspected clinically.

24 Sep, 2021 | 09:00h | UTC

Antibiotics for lower respiratory tract infection in children presenting in primary care in England (ARTIC PC): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial – The Lancet

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

AHA Scientific Statement: Sleep‐disordered breathing and cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents.

23 Sep, 2021 | 10:02h | UTC

Sleep‐Disordered Breathing and Cardiovascular Disease in Children and Adolescents: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association – Journal of the American Heart Association

News release: Obstructive sleep apnea is common in kids and may impact blood pressure, heart health – American Heart Association

 

Covid: Single jab recommended for 12 to 15-year-olds by UK’s top doctors.

14 Sep, 2021 | 10:05h | UTC

Covid: Single jab recommended for 12 to 15-year-olds by UK’s top doctors – BBC

See also: Covid-19: Children aged 12-15 should be offered vaccine, say UK’s chief medical officers – The BMJ

 

The Delta Covid variant and children: transmission in kids is low and only 2% hospitalized, report finds.

12 Sep, 2021 | 21:56h | UTC

The Delta Covid variant and children: transmission in kids is low and only 2% hospitalised, report finds – The Guardian

Report: COVID-19 Delta variant in schools and early childhood education and care services in NSW, Australia: 16 June to 31 July 2021 – NCIRS

News release: COVID-19 Delta variant in schools and early childhood education and care services in NSW, Australia: 16 June to 31 July 2021

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

Kawasaki Disease and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: An Overview and Comparison.

13 Aug, 2021 | 10:01h | UTC

Kawasaki Disease and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: An Overview and Comparison – American Family Physician

Related:

Cohort study: Six month follow-up of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

Cohort study: Among children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C) associated with Covid-19, there was no evidence that recovery differed after primary treatment with intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) alone, IVIG plus glucocorticoids, or glucocorticoids alone.

Cohort study: Among children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C) associated with Covid-19, initial treatment with intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) plus glucocorticoids was associated with a lower risk of new or persistent cardiovascular dysfunction than IVIG alone.

Cohort study showed that the incidence of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) was 316 persons per 1 000 000 SARS-CoV-2 infections in persons younger than 21 years. The incidence was higher among Black, Hispanic or Latino, and Asian or Pacific Islander persons.

Cohort study showed good recovery for most children 6 months after Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome (PIMS-TS) associated with SARS-CoV-2.

Epidemiology of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Step Closer to Understanding Who, Where, and When

Neurologic involvement in children and adolescents with COVID-19 or Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome

Clinical Update: Acute covid-19 and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

Differences in characteristics and outcomes of children and adolescents with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) vs. severe acute COVID-19

Cutaneous findings in SARS-CoV-2-associated Multisystem Inflammatory Disease in Children (MIS-C)

SR: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children related to COVID-19

Observational study: The combination of Immunoglobulins + Methylprednisolone was associated with a better course of fever compared to Immunoglobulins alone in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in children

ACR Guidance for pediatric patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with SARS‐CoV‐2

New systematic review of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With SARS-CoV-2 infection summarizes the clinical features, management, and outcomes of the disease, showing favorable outcomes for the majority of children

 

AARC Guideline: Management of pediatric patients with oxygen in the acute care setting.

8 Aug, 2021 | 23:43h | UTC

AARC Clinical Practice Guideline: Management of Pediatric Patients With Oxygen in the Acute Care Setting – Respiratory Care – American Association for Respiratory Care

 

Pediatric asthma: The REGAP consensus.

8 Aug, 2021 | 23:45h | UTC

Pediatric asthma: The REGAP consensus – Anales de Pediatría

 

Review of COVID-19: Abdominal manifestations in adults and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.

6 Aug, 2021 | 10:05h | UTC

Review of COVID-19, part 1: Abdominal manifestations in adults and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children – Clinical Imaging

 

Illness duration and symptom profile in symptomatic school-aged children tested for SARS-CoV-2 – “Only 25 (1.8%) of 1379 children experienced symptoms for at least 56 days.”

4 Aug, 2021 | 10:06h | UTC

Illness duration and symptom profile in symptomatic UK school-aged children tested for SARS-CoV-2 – The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health

Invited commentary: Citizen science and biomedical research (free registration required)

Commentaries:

Expert reaction to study looking at long-lasting symptoms from COVID-19 in children – Science Media Centre

Long Covid uncommon in children, analysis finds – King’s College London

Study finds long-term Covid symptoms rare in school-age children – The Guardian

Most children with Covid-19 recover within a week, but a small percentage have long-term symptoms, a study says. – The New York Times

Related:

Long-term Symptoms After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Adolescents – “This study found a low prevalence of symptoms compatible with long COVID in a randomly selected cohort of children assessed 6 months after serologic testing”.

Cohort study: Risk factors for long covid in previously hospitalized children.

Study shows low incidence of post-acute COVID-19 symptoms (“Long Covid”) in children after mild disease

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

AAP Guidance: Post-COVID-19 conditions in children and adolescents.

4 Aug, 2021 | 10:01h | UTC

Post-COVID-19 Conditions in Children and Adolescents – American Academy of Pediatrics

 

RCT: Effect of a sedation and ventilator liberation protocol vs. usual care on duration of invasive mechanical ventilation in pediatric intensive care units.

4 Aug, 2021 | 08:59h | UTC

Effect of a Sedation and Ventilator Liberation Protocol vs Usual Care on Duration of Invasive Mechanical Ventilation in Pediatric Intensive Care Units: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA (free for a limited period)

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Cohort study: Risk factors for long covid in previously hospitalized children.

3 Aug, 2021 | 09:06h | UTC

Risk factors for long covid in previously hospitalised children using the ISARIC Global follow-up protocol: A prospective cohort study – European Respiratory Review

Commentaries:

Study investigates long-term sequelae of COVID-19 in hospitalized children – News Medical

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Cohort study: Six month follow-up of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

3 Aug, 2021 | 09:05h | UTC

Six Month Follow-up of Patients With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children – Pediatrics (PDF)

 

[Preprint] Study confirms children’s extremely low risk of death from Covid-19 – “99·995% of children and young people with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test survived”.

12 Jul, 2021 | 03:12h | UTC

Original study (preprint): Deaths in Children and Young People in England following SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first pandemic year: a national study using linked mandatory child death reporting data – National Child Mortality Database / Public Health England

Commentaries: Risks of severe illness in children from COVID-19 shown to be very low in largest study yet – University of Liverpool AND Covid: Children’s extremely low risk confirmed by study – BBC

Related study from the same group (preprint): Risk factors for intensive care admission and death amongst children and young people admitted to hospital with COVID-19 and PIMS-TS in England during the first pandemic year – medRxiv

 

Review: Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of primary ciliary dyskinesia.

21 Jun, 2021 | 08:27h | UTC

Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia: A Review – JAMA Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (free for a limited period)

 

Cohort study: Among children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C) associated with Covid-19, there was no evidence that recovery differed after primary treatment with intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) alone, IVIG plus glucocorticoids, or glucocorticoids alone.

18 Jun, 2021 | 08:36h | UTC

Treatment of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children – New England Journal of Medicine

Editorial: Immunotherapy for MIS-C — IVIG, Glucocorticoids, and Biologics

Commentaries: Steroids may be effective treatment for COVID-19 complications in children – Imperial College London AND Expert reaction to study looking at treatments for COVID-19 complications in children – Science Media Centre

 

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