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Nutrition (all articles)

Consensus Statement | Promotion of healthy nutrition in primary and secondary cardiovascular disease prevention

28 Mar, 2023 | 14:50h | UTC

Promotion of healthy nutrition in primary and secondary cardiovascular disease prevention: a clinical consensus statement from the European Association of Preventive Cardiology – European Journal of Preventive Cardiology

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


Coffee consumption vs. caffeine avoidance: cardiac ectopy, daily steps, and sleep impacts

27 Mar, 2023 | 13:32h | UTC

Summary: A prospective, randomized, case-crossover trial studied the acute health effects of caffeinated coffee consumption in 100 ambulatory adults.

Participants were monitored using continuous electrocardiogram devices, wrist-mounted accelerometers, and ongoing glucose monitoring systems for 14 days. They received daily text messages instructing them to either consume caffeinated coffee or abstain from caffeine.

The primary outcome was the mean number of daily premature atrial contractions. Results indicated that caffeinated coffee consumption didn’t lead to significantly more daily premature atrial contractions compared to caffeine avoidance. However, it was associated with a higher number of daily premature ventricular contractions, increased daily steps, and reduced nightly sleep.

Article: Acute Effects of Coffee Consumption on Health among Ambulatory Adults – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentaries:

What to know about new research on coffee and heart risks – Associated Press

CRAVE Trials Offers Most Comprehensive Overview Yet of Impact of Coffee, Caffeine Intake – HCP Live

Acute Effects of Coffee Consumption on Health – American College of Cardiology

 


Dissecting coffee’s impact: high consumption lowers blood pressure, raises LDL-cholesterol

27 Mar, 2023 | 13:25h | UTC

Coffee consumption and associations with blood pressure, LDL-cholesterol and echocardiographic measures in the general population – Scientific Reports

 


Indian consensus statements on irritable bowel syndrome in adults

27 Mar, 2023 | 13:18h | UTC

Indian consensus statements on irritable bowel syndrome in adults: A guideline by the Indian eurogastroenterology and Motility Association and jointly supported by the Indian Society of Gastroenterology

Related:

Diet and irritable bowel syndrome: an update from a UK consensus meeting – BMC Medicine

M-A | Efficacy of a restrictive diet in irritable bowel syndrome.

Diet or medication in primary care patients with IBS: the DOMINO study – a randomised trial supported by the Belgian Health Care Knowledge Centre (KCE Trials Programme) and the Rome Foundation Research Institute – Gut

AGA Clinical Practice Update on the Role of Diet in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Expert Review – Gastroenterology

RCT: Efficacy and acceptability of dietary therapies in non-constipated irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized trial of traditional dietary advice, the low FODMAP diet and the gluten-free diet.

10 mistakes in dietary management of irritable bowel syndrome and how to avoid them.

Supplement: Irritable bowel syndrome and related conditions.

RCT: FODMAPs, but not gluten, elicit modest symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome.

RCT: Among patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome, a low FODMAP diet achieved earlier symptomatic improvements in stool frequency and excessive wind.

British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines on the management of irritable bowel syndrome

Guidelines for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome

ACG Clinical Guideline: Management of irritable bowel syndrome

M-A: Efficacy of a low-FODMAP diet in adult irritable bowel syndrome

 


M-A | The effect of curcumin supplementation on weight loss and anthropometric indices

27 Mar, 2023 | 13:04h | UTC

The effect of curcumin supplementation on weight loss and anthropometric indices: an umbrella review and updated meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials – American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

 


Review | Navigating the new eating disorder landscape: atypical anorexia and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder

24 Mar, 2023 | 13:03h | UTC

Pitfalls and Risks of “New Eating Disorders”: Let the Expert Speak! – Nutrients

Commentary: A review on two novel eating disorders – News Medical

 


M-A | Effects of dairy intake on markers of cardio-metabolic health in adults

23 Mar, 2023 | 12:35h | UTC

Effects of dairy intake on markers of cardio-metabolic health in adults – a systematic review with network meta-analysis – Advances in Nutrition

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


RCT | Low-calorie, low-protein feeding improves recovery time in ventilated adults with shock

22 Mar, 2023 | 13:42h | UTC

Summary: The NUTRIREA-3 study aimed to determine the optimal calorie and protein intakes during the acute phase of severe critical illness. The study was a randomized, controlled, multicenter, open-label, parallel-group trial conducted in 61 French intensive care units (ICUs) involving 3044 adults receiving invasive mechanical ventilation and vasopressor support for shock. During the first seven ICU days, participants were randomly assigned to early nutrition with either low or standard calorie and protein targets. The primary endpoints were time to readiness for ICU discharge and day 90 all-cause mortality, while key secondary outcomes included secondary infections, gastrointestinal events, and liver dysfunction.

The study found that early calorie and protein restriction did not decrease mortality. However, it was associated with faster recovery and fewer complications compared to standard calorie and protein targets. The low-calorie, low-protein group had a shorter median time to readiness for ICU discharge and lower proportions of patients with vomiting, diarrhea, bowel ischemia, and liver dysfunction. The proportions of patients with secondary infections did not differ significantly between the two groups.

In conclusion, the NUTRIREA-3 study provides evidence that patients may benefit from restricted calorie and protein intakes during the acute phase of critical illness, as it expedites recovery and reduces the risk of complications.

Article: Low versus standard calorie and protein feeding in ventilated adults with shock: a randomised, controlled, multicentre, open-label, parallel-group trial (NUTRIREA-3) – The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (free registration required)

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


RCT | Time-restricted eating not more effective than daily calorie restriction for managing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

21 Mar, 2023 | 13:38h | UTC

Summary: The TREATY-FLD randomized clinical trial investigated the effects of time-restricted eating (TRE) versus daily calorie restriction (DCR) on intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) content and metabolic risk factors in patients with obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Participants were randomly assigned to either TRE (eating only between 8:00 am and 4:00 pm) or DCR (habitual meal timing) and instructed to maintain a diet of 1500 to 1800 kcal/d for men and 1200 to 1500 kcal/d for women for 12 months.

The study found that the IHTG content was reduced by 6.9% in the TRE group and 7.9% in the DCR group after 12 months, a difference that was not statistically significant. Furthermore, TRE did not produce additional benefits for reducing body weight, liver stiffness, or metabolic risk factors compared with DCR.

The study supports that the main focus of a diet for managing NAFLD is caloric restriction, which can be achieved both with a TRE strategy or without a TRE strategy with similar results.

Article: Effects of Time-Restricted Eating on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: The TREATY-FLD Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Network Open

Commentary: Time-Restricted Eating Not More Beneficial Than Calorie Restriction For Patients With NAFLD, Obesity – HCP Live

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


Consensus on complementary feeding in pediatrics

21 Mar, 2023 | 13:30h | UTC

Consensus on complementary feeding from the Latin American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition: COCO 2023 – Revista de Gastroenterología de México

 


Study | Public health policies should recommend introducing peanut products to infants at 4-6 months of age to prevent peanut allergy

20 Mar, 2023 | 13:33h | UTC

Defining the window of opportunity and target populations to prevent peanut allergy – Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

Commentary: Expert reaction to research on giving peanut products to babies – Science Media Centre

Related study: Early Introduction of Allergenic Foods Can Prevent Food Allergies in High Risk Infants

Related Guidelines: 

AAP Updated Recommendations for Dietary Interventions to Prevent Atopic Disease

Timing of introduction of allergenic solids for infants at high risk – Canadian Paediatric Society

 

Commentary from the author on Twitter

 


M-A | Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in women with a Mediterranean diet

20 Mar, 2023 | 13:20h | UTC

Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in women with a Mediterranean diet: systematic review and meta-analysis – Heart

News Release: Mediterranean diet may cut women’s CVD and death risk by nearly 25% – BMJ Newsroom

Commentary:

Expert reaction to study looking at Mediterranean diet and women’s cardiovascular disease and death risk – Science Media Centre (Recommended reading – “Observational studies of nutrition have been notoriously misleading… Nutritional measures are strongly patterned by social factors and behavioral dispositions, leading to very substantial confounding”)

 


Cross-sectional study | Impact of different alcoholic beverages on serum urate levels

20 Mar, 2023 | 13:16h | UTC

Differences in the Association Between Alcoholic Beverage Type and Serum Urate Levels Using Standardized Ethanol Content – JAMA Network Open

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


Associations of relative fat mass, a new index of adiposity, with type-2 diabetes in the general population

17 Mar, 2023 | 13:04h | UTC

Associations of relative fat mass, a new index of adiposity, with type-2 diabetes in the general population – European Journal of Internal Medicine

 


M-A | Health effects of the time-restricted eating in adults with obesity

17 Mar, 2023 | 12:54h | UTC

Health effects of the time-restricted eating in adults with obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis – Frontiers in Nutrition

Related:

Time-restricted eating and exercise training improve HbA1c and body composition in women with overweight/obesity: A randomized controlled trial – Cell Metabolism

Effectiveness of Early Time-Restricted Eating for Weight Loss, Fat Loss, and Cardiometabolic Health in Adults With Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Internal Medicine

Effects of Intermittent Fasting in Human Compared to a Non-intervention Diet and Caloric Restriction: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials – Frontiers in Nutrition

Time-Restricted Eating: Integrating The What With The When – Advances in Nutrition

Calorie Restriction with or without Time-Restricted Eating in Weight Loss- New England Journal of Medicine

Intermittent Fasting and Obesity-Related Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Meta-analyses of Randomized Clinical Trials – JAMA Network Open

 


Consensus Paper | Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in gastrointestinal disorders

16 Mar, 2023 | 13:23h | UTC

Asian-Pacific consensus on small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in gastrointestinal disorders: An initiative of the Indian Neurogastroenterology and Motility Association – Indian Journal of Gastroenterology

 


Cohort Study | Higher ultra-processed food consumption linked to increased cancer incidence and mortality

15 Mar, 2023 | 14:48h | UTC

Ultra-processed food consumption, cancer risk and cancer mortality: a large-scale prospective analysis within the UK Biobank – eClinicalMedicine

News Release: Ultra-processed foods may be linked to increased risk of cancer – Imperial College London

Commentary: Expert reaction to study looking at ultra-processed foods and risk of different cancers – Science Media Centre

Related:

Association of ultra-processed food consumption with colorectal cancer risk among men and women: results from three prospective US cohort studies – The BMJ

Joint association of food nutritional profile by Nutri-Score front-of-pack label and ultra-processed food intake with mortality: Moli-sani prospective cohort study – The BMJ

Association between consumption of ultra-processed foods and all cause mortality: SUN prospective cohort study – The BMJ

Ultra-processed food intake and risk of cardiovascular disease: prospective cohort study (NutriNet-Santé) – The BMJ

 


International society of sports nutrition position stand: energy drinks and energy shots

14 Mar, 2023 | 13:39h | UTC

International society of sports nutrition position stand: energy drinks and energy shots – Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

 


WHO urges countries to implement comprehensive sodium reduction policies to combat cardiovascular disease

10 Mar, 2023 | 14:43h | UTC

Summary:

A new report from the World Health Organization (WHO) has shown that the world needs to catch up to achieve its global target of reducing sodium intake by 30% by 2025. The report highlights that only 5% of WHO member states have mandatory and comprehensive sodium reduction policies.

Sodium, found in table salt and other condiments, increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, and premature death when eaten in excess. Implementing highly cost-effective sodium reduction policies could save an estimated seven million lives globally by 2030.

WHO suggests a number of policies, such as reducing the amount of sodium in food products, introducing front-of-pack labeling, launching mass media campaigns, and enforcing public policies related to food service and sales.

The report urges member states to implement sodium intake reduction policies without delay, and calls on food manufacturers to set ambitious targets for sodium reduction in their products.

Article: WHO global report on sodium intake reduction – World Health Organization

News Release: Massive efforts needed to reduce salt intake and protect lives – World Health Organization

Related:

Reducing daily salt intake in China by 1 g could prevent almost 9 million cardiovascular events by 2030: a modelling study – BMJ Nutrition Prevention & Health

Adding salt to foods and hazard of premature mortality – European Heart Journal

New WHO benchmarks help countries reduce salt intake and save lives – World Health Organization

WHO global sodium benchmarks for different food categories – World Health Organization

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


Review | Nutritional management of the infant with chronic kidney disease stages 2–5 and on dialysis

9 Mar, 2023 | 14:18h | UTC

Nutritional management of the infant with chronic kidney disease stages 2–5 and on dialysis – Pediatric Nephrology

 


RCT | Study finds both one-food and six-food elimination diets are effective initial options for eosinophilic esophagitis

7 Mar, 2023 | 13:17h | UTC

Summary:

The article describes a multicenter randomized trial that compared the effectiveness of a one-food elimination diet (1FED – eliminating animal milk) versus a six-food elimination diet (6FED – eliminating animal milk, wheat, egg, soy, fish and shellfish, and peanut and tree nuts) for treating eosinophilic esophagitis in adults.

The study found that both diets were equally effective at achieving histological remission, although the 6FED resulted in a higher proportion of patients achieving complete remission. Patients who did not achieve histological remission with the 1FED could proceed to the 6FED, and 43% had histological remission. For those without response to the 6FED, topical fluticasone propionate induced remission in 82%.

Overall, the study suggests that eliminating animal milk alone is an acceptable initial dietary therapy for eosinophilic esophagitis.

Article: One-food versus six-food elimination diet therapy for the treatment of eosinophilic oesophagitis: a multicentre, randomised, open-label trial – The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

News Release: Forgoing one food treats eosinophilic esophagitis as well as excluding six – National Institutes of Health

Related: M-A | Efficacy of elimination diets in eosinophilic esophagitis

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


M-A | Long-term consumption of 10 food groups and cardiovascular mortality

7 Mar, 2023 | 12:58h | UTC

Summary:

This systematic review and meta-analysis of 22 prospective cohort studies evaluated the association between the consumption of 10 food groups and cardiovascular mortality.

The researchers found that a long-term high intake of whole grains, fruits and vegetables, and nuts was associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality, while a high intake of red/processed meat was associated with increased risk. On the other hand, the consumption of dairy products and legumes did not show a significant association with cardiovascular risk.

The researchers acknowledge the limitations of observational studies and the need for further research on the long-term effects of specific food groups on cardiovascular mortality.

Article: Long-Term Consumption of 10 Food Groups and Cardiovascular Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies – Advances in Nutrition

 


M-A | Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and weight gain in children and adults

6 Mar, 2023 | 14:04h | UTC

Article: Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and weight gain in children and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials – The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

News Release: More evidence that sugary drinks cause weight gain – University of Toronto

 


RCT | Impact of supplementation with milk–cereal mix during 6–12 months of age on growth at 12 months in Delhi, India

2 Mar, 2023 | 12:50h | UTC

Impact of supplementation with milk–cereal mix during 6–12 months of age on growth at 12 months: a 3-arm randomized controlled trial in Delhi, India – The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Commentary: High-protein supplementation improves linear growth in infants – 2 Minute Medicine

 


Artificial sweetener erythritol possibly implicated in increased cardiovascular risk

1 Mar, 2023 | 14:08h | UTC

Summary: A recent study published in Nature Medicine found that erythritol, a popular artificial sweetener, is possibly implicated with an increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) such as heart attack and stroke. Analyzing data from over 4,000 people in the US and Europe, the researchers found that those with higher blood erythritol levels were at a greater risk of MACE. The researchers also examined the effects of adding erythritol to whole blood or isolated platelets and found that it made platelets easier to activate and form clots. In addition, a pilot intervention study with healthy volunteers showed that erythritol ingestion led to a marked and sustained increase in plasma erythritol levels above those associated with heightened platelet reactivity and thrombosis potential. The authors note that further studies are needed to confirm their findings and assess the long-term safety of erythritol.

Article: The artificial sweetener erythritol and cardiovascular event risk – Nature Medicine (free for a limited period)

News Release: Cleveland Clinic study finds common artificial sweetener linked to higher rates of heart attack and stroke

Commentaries:

Zero-calorie sweetener linked to heart attack and stroke, study finds – CNN

Could a Common Sweetener Raise Heart Risks? – HealthDay

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


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