Nutrition (all articles)
Consensus Statement | Promotion of healthy nutrition in primary and secondary cardiovascular disease prevention
28 Mar, 2023 | 14:50h | UTC
Commentary on Twitter
#EJPC 🌞 – Healthy #nutrition is important! Read the #EAPC_ESC Clinical Consensus Statement on promotion of healthy nutrition in primary & secondary #CVD prevention!https://t.co/kx7MnQxruS
#CardioTwitter #EJPC #CVPrev #CardioTwitter #Rehabilitation @paolo_emilio @EAPCPresident pic.twitter.com/LIDarfvw7b— European Society of Cardiology Journals (@ESC_Journals) March 27, 2023
Coffee consumption vs. caffeine avoidance: cardiac ectopy, daily steps, and sleep impacts
27 Mar, 2023 | 13:32h | UTCSummary: A prospective, randomized, case-crossover trial studied the acute health effects of caffeinated coffee consumption in 100 ambulatory adults.
Participants were monitored using continuous electrocardiogram devices, wrist-mounted accelerometers, and ongoing glucose monitoring systems for 14 days. They received daily text messages instructing them to either consume caffeinated coffee or abstain from caffeine.
The primary outcome was the mean number of daily premature atrial contractions. Results indicated that caffeinated coffee consumption didn’t lead to significantly more daily premature atrial contractions compared to caffeine avoidance. However, it was associated with a higher number of daily premature ventricular contractions, increased daily steps, and reduced nightly sleep.
Article: Acute Effects of Coffee Consumption on Health among Ambulatory Adults – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentaries:
What to know about new research on coffee and heart risks – Associated Press
CRAVE Trials Offers Most Comprehensive Overview Yet of Impact of Coffee, Caffeine Intake – HCP Live
Acute Effects of Coffee Consumption on Health – American College of Cardiology
Dissecting coffee’s impact: high consumption lowers blood pressure, raises LDL-cholesterol
27 Mar, 2023 | 13:25h | UTC
Indian consensus statements on irritable bowel syndrome in adults
27 Mar, 2023 | 13:18h | UTCRelated:
Diet and irritable bowel syndrome: an update from a UK consensus meeting – BMC Medicine
M-A | Efficacy of a restrictive diet in irritable bowel syndrome.
10 mistakes in dietary management of irritable bowel syndrome and how to avoid them.
Supplement: Irritable bowel syndrome and related conditions.
RCT: FODMAPs, but not gluten, elicit modest symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome.
British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines on the management of irritable bowel syndrome
Guidelines for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome
ACG Clinical Guideline: Management of irritable bowel syndrome
M-A: Efficacy of a low-FODMAP diet in adult irritable bowel syndrome
M-A | The effect of curcumin supplementation on weight loss and anthropometric indices
27 Mar, 2023 | 13:04h | UTC
Review | Navigating the new eating disorder landscape: atypical anorexia and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder
24 Mar, 2023 | 13:03h | UTCPitfalls and Risks of “New Eating Disorders”: Let the Expert Speak! – Nutrients
Commentary: A review on two novel eating disorders – News Medical
M-A | Effects of dairy intake on markers of cardio-metabolic health in adults
23 Mar, 2023 | 12:35h | UTC
Commentary on Twitter
Working with results of 19 randomized controlled trials (1427 total participants), #AdvNutr review authors conclude "high dairy intake (irrespective of fat content) showed no detrimental effects on anthropometric outcomes, blood lipids and blood pressure." https://t.co/59EiLeTW6g pic.twitter.com/ApVtfmfpsL
— American Society for Nutrition Journals (@jnutritionorg) March 13, 2023
RCT | Low-calorie, low-protein feeding improves recovery time in ventilated adults with shock
22 Mar, 2023 | 13:42h | UTCSummary: The NUTRIREA-3 study aimed to determine the optimal calorie and protein intakes during the acute phase of severe critical illness. The study was a randomized, controlled, multicenter, open-label, parallel-group trial conducted in 61 French intensive care units (ICUs) involving 3044 adults receiving invasive mechanical ventilation and vasopressor support for shock. During the first seven ICU days, participants were randomly assigned to early nutrition with either low or standard calorie and protein targets. The primary endpoints were time to readiness for ICU discharge and day 90 all-cause mortality, while key secondary outcomes included secondary infections, gastrointestinal events, and liver dysfunction.
The study found that early calorie and protein restriction did not decrease mortality. However, it was associated with faster recovery and fewer complications compared to standard calorie and protein targets. The low-calorie, low-protein group had a shorter median time to readiness for ICU discharge and lower proportions of patients with vomiting, diarrhea, bowel ischemia, and liver dysfunction. The proportions of patients with secondary infections did not differ significantly between the two groups.
In conclusion, the NUTRIREA-3 study provides evidence that patients may benefit from restricted calorie and protein intakes during the acute phase of critical illness, as it expedites recovery and reduces the risk of complications.
Article: Low versus standard calorie and protein feeding in ventilated adults with shock: a randomised, controlled, multicentre, open-label, parallel-group trial (NUTRIREA-3) – The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (free registration required)
Commentary on Twitter
NEW Research—Early calorie & protein restriction did not decrease mortality but was associated w/ faster recovery & fewer complications than standard intake targets
NUTRIREA-3 from Prof Jean Reignier & co https://t.co/VCS72qxLPD
Being presented @ISICEM today! #ISICEM23 pic.twitter.com/TpoJnwHP8P
— The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (@LancetRespirMed) March 21, 2023
RCT | Time-restricted eating not more effective than daily calorie restriction for managing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
21 Mar, 2023 | 13:38h | UTCSummary: The TREATY-FLD randomized clinical trial investigated the effects of time-restricted eating (TRE) versus daily calorie restriction (DCR) on intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) content and metabolic risk factors in patients with obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Participants were randomly assigned to either TRE (eating only between 8:00 am and 4:00 pm) or DCR (habitual meal timing) and instructed to maintain a diet of 1500 to 1800 kcal/d for men and 1200 to 1500 kcal/d for women for 12 months.
The study found that the IHTG content was reduced by 6.9% in the TRE group and 7.9% in the DCR group after 12 months, a difference that was not statistically significant. Furthermore, TRE did not produce additional benefits for reducing body weight, liver stiffness, or metabolic risk factors compared with DCR.
The study supports that the main focus of a diet for managing NAFLD is caloric restriction, which can be achieved both with a TRE strategy or without a TRE strategy with similar results.
Commentary on Twitter
TREATY-FLD RCT found that time-restricted eating did not produce additional benefits for reducing intrahepatic triglyceride content, body fat and metabolic risk factors vs daily-calorie-restriction among adults with obesity and NAFLD. https://t.co/it2n4o9Th1
— JAMA Network Open (@JAMANetworkOpen) March 17, 2023
Consensus on complementary feeding in pediatrics
21 Mar, 2023 | 13:30h | UTC
Study | Public health policies should recommend introducing peanut products to infants at 4-6 months of age to prevent peanut allergy
20 Mar, 2023 | 13:33h | UTCCommentary: Expert reaction to research on giving peanut products to babies – Science Media Centre
Related study: Early Introduction of Allergenic Foods Can Prevent Food Allergies in High Risk Infants
Related Guidelines:
AAP Updated Recommendations for Dietary Interventions to Prevent Atopic Disease
Timing of introduction of allergenic solids for infants at high risk – Canadian Paediatric Society
Commentary from the author on Twitter
Latest paper from #LEAPStudy is now published in @JACIonline. We have looked at what happens if peanut products are introduced into the infant diet at different ages across the whole population. https://t.co/zpOlrNHOSihttps://t.co/xDIgYjezyS
More details below. @GoAllergy 1/12 pic.twitter.com/jY5MvdJ2AZ— Graham Roberts (@ProfGRoberts) January 12, 2023
M-A | Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in women with a Mediterranean diet
20 Mar, 2023 | 13:20h | UTCNews Release: Mediterranean diet may cut women’s CVD and death risk by nearly 25% – BMJ Newsroom
Commentary:
Expert reaction to study looking at Mediterranean diet and women’s cardiovascular disease and death risk – Science Media Centre (Recommended reading – “Observational studies of nutrition have been notoriously misleading… Nutritional measures are strongly patterned by social factors and behavioral dispositions, leading to very substantial confounding”)
Cross-sectional study | Impact of different alcoholic beverages on serum urate levels
20 Mar, 2023 | 13:16h | UTC
Commentary on Twitter
Beer and wine was associated with high and moderate increases in serum urate levels, respectively; sake was associated with a modest increase in serum urate levels, in patients getting routine checkups in Japan. https://t.co/J8OqKJI9fQ
— JAMA Network Open (@JAMANetworkOpen) March 17, 2023
Associations of relative fat mass, a new index of adiposity, with type-2 diabetes in the general population
17 Mar, 2023 | 13:04h | UTC
M-A | Health effects of the time-restricted eating in adults with obesity
17 Mar, 2023 | 12:54h | UTCRelated:
Time-Restricted Eating: Integrating The What With The When – Advances in Nutrition
Consensus Paper | Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in gastrointestinal disorders
16 Mar, 2023 | 13:23h | UTC
Cohort Study | Higher ultra-processed food consumption linked to increased cancer incidence and mortality
15 Mar, 2023 | 14:48h | UTCNews Release: Ultra-processed foods may be linked to increased risk of cancer – Imperial College London
Related:
International society of sports nutrition position stand: energy drinks and energy shots
14 Mar, 2023 | 13:39h | UTC
WHO urges countries to implement comprehensive sodium reduction policies to combat cardiovascular disease
10 Mar, 2023 | 14:43h | UTCSummary:
A new report from the World Health Organization (WHO) has shown that the world needs to catch up to achieve its global target of reducing sodium intake by 30% by 2025. The report highlights that only 5% of WHO member states have mandatory and comprehensive sodium reduction policies.
Sodium, found in table salt and other condiments, increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, and premature death when eaten in excess. Implementing highly cost-effective sodium reduction policies could save an estimated seven million lives globally by 2030.
WHO suggests a number of policies, such as reducing the amount of sodium in food products, introducing front-of-pack labeling, launching mass media campaigns, and enforcing public policies related to food service and sales.
The report urges member states to implement sodium intake reduction policies without delay, and calls on food manufacturers to set ambitious targets for sodium reduction in their products.
Article: WHO global report on sodium intake reduction – World Health Organization
News Release: Massive efforts needed to reduce salt intake and protect lives – World Health Organization
Related:
Adding salt to foods and hazard of premature mortality – European Heart Journal
New WHO benchmarks help countries reduce salt intake and save lives – World Health Organization
WHO global sodium benchmarks for different food categories – World Health Organization
Commentary on Twitter
Eating too much salt is one of the top risk factors for heart disease, stroke, and death.
WHO’s first global report on sodium intake reduction shows only 5% of WHO Member States are protected by mandatory and comprehensive sodium reduction policies👉https://t.co/hiocdiXUiy pic.twitter.com/NXSv0oe7fn
— World Health Organization (WHO) (@WHO) March 9, 2023
Review | Nutritional management of the infant with chronic kidney disease stages 2–5 and on dialysis
9 Mar, 2023 | 14:18h | UTC
RCT | Study finds both one-food and six-food elimination diets are effective initial options for eosinophilic esophagitis
7 Mar, 2023 | 13:17h | UTCSummary:
The article describes a multicenter randomized trial that compared the effectiveness of a one-food elimination diet (1FED – eliminating animal milk) versus a six-food elimination diet (6FED – eliminating animal milk, wheat, egg, soy, fish and shellfish, and peanut and tree nuts) for treating eosinophilic esophagitis in adults.
The study found that both diets were equally effective at achieving histological remission, although the 6FED resulted in a higher proportion of patients achieving complete remission. Patients who did not achieve histological remission with the 1FED could proceed to the 6FED, and 43% had histological remission. For those without response to the 6FED, topical fluticasone propionate induced remission in 82%.
Overall, the study suggests that eliminating animal milk alone is an acceptable initial dietary therapy for eosinophilic esophagitis.
Article: One-food versus six-food elimination diet therapy for the treatment of eosinophilic oesophagitis: a multicentre, randomised, open-label trial – The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
News Release: Forgoing one food treats eosinophilic esophagitis as well as excluding six – National Institutes of Health
Related: M-A | Efficacy of elimination diets in eosinophilic esophagitis
Commentary on Twitter
New research – Kliewer et al – One-food versus six-food elimination diet therapy for the treatment of eosinophilic oesophagitis: a multicentre, randomised, open-label trial https://t.co/Tpm0EPPfx0#EoE #GItwitter #RareDiseaseDay #CEGIR pic.twitter.com/iUcqIt9Pg5
— The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology (@LancetGastroHep) February 28, 2023
M-A | Long-term consumption of 10 food groups and cardiovascular mortality
7 Mar, 2023 | 12:58h | UTCSummary:
This systematic review and meta-analysis of 22 prospective cohort studies evaluated the association between the consumption of 10 food groups and cardiovascular mortality.
The researchers found that a long-term high intake of whole grains, fruits and vegetables, and nuts was associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality, while a high intake of red/processed meat was associated with increased risk. On the other hand, the consumption of dairy products and legumes did not show a significant association with cardiovascular risk.
The researchers acknowledge the limitations of observational studies and the need for further research on the long-term effects of specific food groups on cardiovascular mortality.
M-A | Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and weight gain in children and adults
6 Mar, 2023 | 14:04h | UTCNews Release: More evidence that sugary drinks cause weight gain – University of Toronto
RCT | Impact of supplementation with milk–cereal mix during 6–12 months of age on growth at 12 months in Delhi, India
2 Mar, 2023 | 12:50h | UTCCommentary: High-protein supplementation improves linear growth in infants – 2 Minute Medicine
Artificial sweetener erythritol possibly implicated in increased cardiovascular risk
1 Mar, 2023 | 14:08h | UTCSummary: A recent study published in Nature Medicine found that erythritol, a popular artificial sweetener, is possibly implicated with an increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) such as heart attack and stroke. Analyzing data from over 4,000 people in the US and Europe, the researchers found that those with higher blood erythritol levels were at a greater risk of MACE. The researchers also examined the effects of adding erythritol to whole blood or isolated platelets and found that it made platelets easier to activate and form clots. In addition, a pilot intervention study with healthy volunteers showed that erythritol ingestion led to a marked and sustained increase in plasma erythritol levels above those associated with heightened platelet reactivity and thrombosis potential. The authors note that further studies are needed to confirm their findings and assess the long-term safety of erythritol.
Article: The artificial sweetener erythritol and cardiovascular event risk – Nature Medicine (free for a limited period)
News Release: Cleveland Clinic study finds common artificial sweetener linked to higher rates of heart attack and stroke
Commentaries:
Zero-calorie sweetener linked to heart attack and stroke, study finds – CNN
Could a Common Sweetener Raise Heart Risks? – HealthDay
Commentary on Twitter
A study in @NatureMedicine suggests that a commonly used artificial sweetener—erythritol—may be linked to cardiovascular disease events. https://t.co/QrbtvCFDJ4 pic.twitter.com/WpM9cLnXh7
— Nature Portfolio (@NaturePortfolio) February 27, 2023