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Chest Medicine (all articles)

Cohort study | Airway-occluding mucus plugs in chest CT linked to higher mortality rates in COPD patients

29 May, 2023 | 11:10h | UTC

Airway-Occluding Mucus Plugs and Mortality in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease – JAMA (free for a limited period)

News Release: Study linking mucus plugs and COPD mortality could help save lives – Brigham and Women’s Hospital

 


Ventilator associated tracheobronchitis and pneumonia: one infection with two faces

23 May, 2023 | 12:49h | UTC

Ventilator associated tracheobronchitis and pneumonia: one infection with two faces – Intensive Care Medicine

 


M-A | Risk and benefits of wakefulness-promoting drugs in obstructive sleep apnea patients

23 May, 2023 | 12:43h | UTC

Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Wakefulness-Promoting Agents for Excessive Daytime Sleepiness in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis – Annals of Internal Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

News Release: Researchers find best treatment for excessive daytime sleepiness – McMaster University

Commentary: Multiple agents effective for excessive daytime sleepiness but may be discontinued due to side effects, review finds – ACP Internist

 


Review | The esophageal balloon for respiratory monitoring in ventilated patients

23 May, 2023 | 12:40h | UTC

The oesophageal balloon for respiratory monitoring in ventilated patients: updated clinical review and practical aspects – European Respiratory Review

 


M-A | Timing of symptomatic venous thromboembolism after surgery

18 May, 2023 | 13:45h | UTC

Timing of symptomatic venous thromboembolism after surgery: meta-analysis – British Journal of Surgery

 


Practice Guidance | Differential diagnosis of suspected COPD exacerbations in the acute care setting

15 May, 2023 | 13:26h | UTC

Differential Diagnosis of Suspected Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations in the Acute Care Setting: Best Practice – American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


RCT | Rivaroxaban doesn’t reduce thrombotic events, hospitalization, or death in outpatients with COVID-19

15 May, 2023 | 13:19h | UTC

Summary: The PREVENT-HD trial, a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized study, was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of prophylactic anticoagulation in reducing venous and arterial thrombosis, hospitalization, and death in nonhospitalized patients with symptomatic COVID-19 and at least one thrombosis risk factor. The trial took place between August 2020 and April 2022 across 14 US integrated healthcare delivery networks, with 1,284 patients enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either 10 mg of oral rivaroxaban or placebo daily for 35 days.

However, the study was terminated prematurely due to enrollment challenges and lower-than-expected event rates. The primary efficacy outcome, a composite of various hazardous events, occurred in 3.4% of the rivaroxaban group and 3.0% of the placebo group, with no significant difference between the two groups (hazard ratio, 1.16 [95% CI, 0.63–2.15]; P=0.63). No critical-site or fatal bleeding was observed, and only one patient in the rivaroxaban group experienced a major bleed.

In conclusion, rivaroxaban prescribed for 35 days in nonhospitalized patients with symptomatic COVID-19 at risk for thrombosis does not appear to reduce the composite end point of venous and arterial thrombotic events, hospitalization, and death. The study’s premature termination and lower-than-expected event rates may limit the generalizability of these findings.

Article: Rivaroxaban for Prevention of Thrombotic Events, Hospitalization, and Death in Outpatients With COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial – Circulation

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


RCT | Novel autotaxin inhibitor Ziritaxestat shows no benefit for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

15 May, 2023 | 13:08h | UTC

Ziritaxestat, a Novel Autotaxin Inhibitor, and Lung Function in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: The ISABELA 1 and 2 Randomized Clinical Trials – JAMA (free for a limited period)

 


Review | Awake prone positioning in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure

15 May, 2023 | 12:56h | UTC

Awake prone positioning in acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure – European Respiratory Review

 


M-A | Effectiveness of diaphragmatic ultrasound as a predictor of successful weaning from mechanical ventilation

15 May, 2023 | 12:46h | UTC

Effectiveness of diaphragmatic ultrasound as a predictor of successful weaning from mechanical ventilation: a systematic review and meta-analysis – Critical Care


Post-pneumonectomy syndrome: a systematic review of the current evidence and treatment options

15 May, 2023 | 12:45h | UTC

Post-pneumonectomy syndrome: a systematic review of the current evidence and treatment options – Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery

 


ERS statement on airway clearance techniques in adults with bronchiectasis

12 May, 2023 | 13:42h | UTC

European Respiratory Society statement on airway clearance techniques in adults with bronchiectasis – European Respiratory Journal

 


Review | Progress in the treatment of acute pulmonary embolism and chronic thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension/disease

12 May, 2023 | 13:24h | UTC

Progress in the treatment of acute pulmonary embolism and chronic thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension/disease – European Heart Journal Supplements

See all articles in the series here

 


RCT | Early NIV and HFNO therapy for preventing endotracheal intubation in hypoxemic blunt chest trauma patients

10 May, 2023 | 15:48h | UTC

Early non-invasive ventilation and high-flow nasal oxygen therapy for preventing endotracheal intubation in hypoxemic blunt chest trauma patients: the OptiTHO randomized trial – Critical Care

 


M-A | Effects of different types of early rehabilitation on ventilator weaning among patients in the ICU

10 May, 2023 | 15:34h | UTC

Effects of different types and frequencies of early rehabilitation on ventilator weaning among patients in intensive care units: A systematic review and meta-analysis – PLOS One

 


M-A | Clinical profile and outcome of isolated pulmonary embolism

10 May, 2023 | 15:27h | UTC

Clinical profile and outcome of isolated pulmonary embolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis – eClinicalMedicine

 


Review | Therapeutics for COVID-19

9 May, 2023 | 14:53h | UTC

Therapeutics for COVID-19 – Nature Microbiology

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


USPSTF Statement | Asymptomatic adults at increased risk should be screened for latent TB

5 May, 2023 | 15:34h | UTC

Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement – JAMA

Evidence Report: Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force – JAMA

Editorials:

Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection Among Non–US-Born Adults in the US: A Path Toward Elimination – JAMA

Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection – JAMA Network Open

JAMA Patient Page: Screening for Latent Tuberculosis

Author Interview: USPSTF Recommendation: Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Adults

 


Brief Review | Management of latent tuberculosis infection

5 May, 2023 | 15:32h | UTC

Management of Latent Tuberculosis Infection – JAMA (free for a limited period)

 


Consensus Statement | Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for COVID-19 with severe ARDS

5 May, 2023 | 15:19h | UTC

Expert consensus statement on venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ECMO for COVID-19 severe ARDS: an international Delphi study – Annals of Intensive Care

 


Review | Transforming tuberculosis diagnosis

5 May, 2023 | 15:18h | UTC

Transforming tuberculosis diagnosis – Nature Microbiology (if the link is paywalled, try this one)

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


Review | Prone positioning for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure and ARDS

5 May, 2023 | 15:09h | UTC

A Review Prone Positioning for Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure and ARDS: A Review – Chest

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


Review | Early mobilization in patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

5 May, 2023 | 15:02h | UTC

Early Mobilisation in Patients Undergoing Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation – ICU Management & Practice

 


RCT | BCG vaccine did not protect health care workers against Covid-19

4 May, 2023 | 13:56h | UTC

Randomized Trial of BCG Vaccine to Protect against Covid-19 in Health Care Workers – New England Journal of Medicine

Commentary: The BCG vaccine does not decrease the risk of COVID-19 in healthcare workers – News Medical

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


RCT | Prolonged higher dose methylprednisolone vs. conventional dexamethasone in COVID-19 pneumonia

4 May, 2023 | 13:53h | UTC

Prolonged higher dose methylprednisolone versus conventional dexamethasone in COVID-19 pneumonia: a randomised controlled trial – European Respiratory Journal

 


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