Pediatrics – Neonatal/Perinatal
M-A | Labor induction at 39 weeks: improved outcomes but increased shoulder dystocia for nulliparous women
31 May, 2023 | 14:10h | UTC
WHO Report | Global progress in tackling maternal and newborn deaths stalls since 2015
25 May, 2023 | 11:36h | UTCNews Release: Global progress in tackling maternal and newborn deaths stalls since 2015: UN – World Health Organization
SR | Videolaryngoscopy vs. direct laryngoscopy for tracheal intubation in neonates
24 May, 2023 | 13:11h | UTCVideolaryngoscopy versus direct laryngoscopy for tracheal intubation in neonates – Cochrane Library
Commentary on Twitter
Videolaryngoscopy:
– may increase the success of intubation on 1st attempt and result in fewer intubation attempts, but may not reduce the time required for successful intubation
– likely results in a reduced incidence of airway‐related adverse effectshttps://t.co/ney0pt8PnH pic.twitter.com/lc6bbDME7e— Cochrane Neonatal (@CochraneNeonate) May 12, 2023
WHO Report | 152 million babies born preterm in the last decade
23 May, 2023 | 13:15h | UTCNews Release: 152 million babies born preterm in the last decade – World Health Organization
Report: Born too soon: decade of action on preterm birth – World Health Organization
The Lancet Series | Small vulnerable newborns
23 May, 2023 | 13:13h | UTCNews Release: An estimated 1 million stillbirths and newborn baby deaths could be prevented each year with low-cost solutions – Lancet
Homepage: Small vulnerable newborns – The Lancet (free registration required for all articles)
Small vulnerable newborns—big potential for impact
Biological and pathological mechanisms leading to the birth of a small vulnerable newborn
SR | Nasal high flow therapy for primary respiratory support in preterm infants
12 May, 2023 | 13:31h | UTCNasal high flow therapy for primary respiratory support in preterm infants – Cochrane Library
Summary: Nasal high flow therapy for breathing support in preterm babies – Cochrane Library
Commentary on Twitter
Nasal high flow therapy for primary respiratory support in preterm infants – 2023 updatehttps://t.co/6UEnZ8fJRS @AmerAcadPeds @ESPR_ESN pic.twitter.com/yLBcQPPPvS
— Cochrane Neonatal (@CochraneNeonate) May 6, 2023
Cluster RCT | Eat, sleep, console approach vs. usual care for neonatal opioid withdrawal
3 May, 2023 | 15:35h | UTCEat, Sleep, Console Approach or Usual Care for Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
News Release: “Eat, Sleep, Console” reduces hospital stay and need for medication among opioid-exposed infants – NIH News Releases
Commentary on Twitter
In this randomized trial, infants who were treated with the Eat, Sleep, Console model for neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome had a significantly shorter hospital stay than those in the usual-care group. Full results of the ESC-NOW trial: https://t.co/13j7a5DhZd#PAS2023 pic.twitter.com/so5jqIVwpi
— NEJM (@NEJM) April 30, 2023
Criteria for placental examination for obstetrical and neonatal providers
28 Apr, 2023 | 13:06h | UTC
RCT | Cerebral oximetry monitoring fails to reduce death or severe brain injury in extremely preterm infants
25 Apr, 2023 | 14:45h | UTCCerebral Oximetry Monitoring in Extremely Preterm Infants – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary on Twitter
In extremely preterm infants, the use of cerebral oximetry monitoring to guide treatment for the first 72 hours after birth did not reduce the risk of death or severe brain injury at 36 weeks’ postmenstrual age. Full study: https://t.co/JX7Ra3OpjM pic.twitter.com/VACbUUAq3i
— NEJM (@NEJM) April 19, 2023
Sudden unexpected infant deaths in the US: 2015–2020
25 Apr, 2023 | 14:27h | UTCSudden Unexpected Infant Deaths: 2015–2020 – Pediatrics
Commentary:
Increasing Disparities in Sudden Unexpected Infant Deaths Reflect Societal Failures – Pediatrics
2020 spike in SIDS likely due to diagnostic shifting, not COVID-19 – Contemporary Pediatrics
SR | Opioids for procedural pain in neonates
19 Apr, 2023 | 13:11h | UTCOpioids for procedural pain in neonates – Cochrane Library
M-A | Retinopathy of prematurity and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants
10 Apr, 2023 | 13:36h | UTC
Podcast | Congenital hypothyroidism
6 Apr, 2023 | 13:11h | UTC#78: Congenital Hypothyroidism – The Cribsiders
RCT | Safety and efficacy of Pitolisant in children aged 6 years or older with narcolepsy with or without cataplexy
6 Apr, 2023 | 13:08h | UTCSafety and efficacy of pitolisant in children aged 6 years or older with narcolepsy with or without cataplexy: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial – The Lancet Neurology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary: Pitolisant Improves Pediatric Narcolepsy Symptoms Regardless of Cataplexy in Phase 3 Study – Neurology Live
SR | Induction of labor at or near term for suspected fetal macrosomia
6 Apr, 2023 | 12:55h | UTC
Review | Use of cardio-pulmonary ultrasound in the neonatal intensive care unit
5 Apr, 2023 | 12:58h | UTCUse of Cardio-Pulmonary Ultrasound in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit – Children
Review | Evaluation of the hypotensive preterm infant: evidence-based practice at the bedside?
5 Apr, 2023 | 12:55h | UTCEvaluation of the Hypotensive Preterm Infant: Evidence-Based Practice at the Bedside? – Children
Review | Respiratory management of the preterm infant: supporting evidence-based practice at the bedside
5 Apr, 2023 | 12:53h | UTC
SR | Risk factors for length of NICU stay of newborns
3 Apr, 2023 | 13:23h | UTCRisk factors for length of NICU stay of newborns: A systematic review – Frontiers in Pediatrics
Prematurity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: what general pediatricians should know
30 Mar, 2023 | 14:12h | UTCPrematurity and BPD: what general pediatricians should know – European Journal of Pediatrics
Cohort Study | Opioid use for pain relief after birth appears to pose no significant risk to breastfed infants
23 Mar, 2023 | 13:08h | UTCSummary: This large study from Canada found that infants born to mothers prescribed opioids after delivery, mainly following a cesarean, are at no greater risk of harm shortly after birth than infants of mothers not prescribed opioids. This suggests that breastfeeding is likely safe for babies whose mothers are taking opioids for pain relief.
The study included 865,691 mother-infant pairs discharged from Ontario hospitals within seven days of delivery between September 2012 and March 2020. Researchers matched mothers who filled an opioid prescription within seven days of discharge to those who did not.
Among the infants admitted to the hospital within 30 days, 2,962 (3.5%) were born to mothers who filled an opioid prescription compared with 3,038 (3.5%) born to mothers who did not, showing that infants of mothers prescribed opioids were no more likely to be admitted to the hospital for any reason. These children were only marginally more likely to visit the emergency department in the subsequent 30 days, and no differences were found for other serious outcomes, including breathing problems or admission to a neonatal intensive care unit, and no infant deaths occurred.
Although the study has some limitations, the high initial breastfeeding rates in Canada (90%) and the consistency of the findings with the fact that millions of new mothers are prescribed opioids after delivery each year provide confidence in the conclusions.
Editorial: Opioid analgesia for breastfeeding mothers – The BMJ
News Release: Infants of mothers given opioids after birth are at low risk of harm – BMJ Newsroom
M-A | The efficacy of Kangaroo-Mother care to the clinical outcomes of LBW and premature infants
21 Mar, 2023 | 13:35h | UTCSummary: Kangaroo-Mother Care (KMC) is a method that involves skin-to-skin contact between the mother and newborn, frequent exclusive or almost exclusive breastfeeding, and early discharge. KMC is an alternative to traditional care interventions for low birthweight (LBW) infants, and the World Health Organization has recommended its use for LBW infants for over a decade.
The authors conducted a meta-analysis including 17 randomized clinical trials involving 17,668 participants. They found that KMC can significantly reduce neonatal mortality, lower hypothermia and sepsis rates, and reduce the duration of hospital stay. The authors suggest that KMC should be promoted, popularized, and standardized in clinical practice.
Related:
Kangaroo mother care to reduce morbidity and mortality in low birthweight infants – Cochrane Library
Consensus on complementary feeding in pediatrics
21 Mar, 2023 | 13:30h | UTC
SR | Postnatal phenobarbital for the prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants
21 Mar, 2023 | 13:15h | UTC
Commentary on Twitter
👶What are the benefits and risks of #phenobarbital (a medicine used to control seizures) for preventing bleeding to the brain in #preterm #infants?
This @CochraneNeonate systematic review looks at the evidence from 10 studies with 792 babies.https://t.co/upqW8azhZP pic.twitter.com/wcpnjlu3t0
— The Cochrane Library (@CochraneLibrary) March 16, 2023
SR | Systemic corticosteroid regimens for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants
21 Mar, 2023 | 13:14h | UTCSummary: Different timing and dosages of corticosteroids to prevent lung injury – Cochrane Library