Pediatrics – Neonatal/Perinatal | Links Medicus Content Curation & Alerts in Medicine

Review | Aerosol delivery of lung surfactant and nasal CPAP in the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.

19 Sep, 2022 | 12:29h | UTC

Aerosol Delivery of Lung Surfactant and Nasal CPAP in the Treatment of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome – Frontiers in Medicine

RCT | Among neonates with probable bacterial infection, switching from intravenous to oral antibiotics (amoxicillin–clavulanic acid) was noninferior to a full course of intravenous antibiotics and resulted in shorter hospitalization (median duration of 3.4 vs. 6.8 days).

16 Sep, 2022 | 12:59h | UTC

Efficacy and safety of switching from intravenous to oral antibiotics (amoxicillin–clavulanic acid) versus a full course of intravenous antibiotics in neonates with probable bacterial infection (RAIN): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial – The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: Dutch team devise less painful ‘drip and drink’ antibiotics treatment for babies – Dutch News

Commentaries on Twitter

*New trial*—early switch to #OralAntibiotics is not inferior to full-course IV antibiotics in #neonates with probable bacterial infection; & adverse events were not increased with use of oral antibiotics

By @IKMReiss @karelallegaert & colleagues

https://t.co/2yzeh3ptuc pic.twitter.com/BgBosxfECC

— The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health (@LancetChildAdol) September 12, 2022

In term and near-term infants <28 days with probable bacterial infection, how safe is it to switch to oral Amox-Clav as opposed to completing a course of intravenous antibiotics? A new RCT in @Lancet tries to answer this question.https://t.co/M2Za54cfxF #EBNeoAlerts #NeoEBM pic.twitter.com/zKpIiW1Whx

— Evidence-Based Neo (@EBNEO) September 12, 2022

(Thread – click for more)

Efficacy & safety of switching from intravenous to oral antibiotics (amoxicillin–clavulanic acid) vs full course of IV antibiotics in neonates with probable bacterial infection (RAIN):multicentre, randomised,open-label,non-inferiority trial -The Lancet https://t.co/mcyr9bILRq

— Prof. Dr. Sanjeev Bagai (@BagaiDr) September 13, 2022

Cluster RCT | Tighter vs. less tight glycemic targets for women with gestational diabetes mellitus for reducing maternal and perinatal morbidity.

13 Sep, 2022 | 13:21h | UTC

Tighter or less tight glycaemic targets for women with gestational diabetes mellitus for reducing maternal and perinatal morbidity: A stepped-wedge, cluster-randomised trial – PLOS Medicine

Cluster RCT | Umbilical cord milking may improve health in non-vigorous term and near-term infants.

8 Sep, 2022 | 14:47h | UTC

News Release: Umbilical cord milking may improve health in non-vigorous term and near-term infants – NIH News Releases

Original Study: Umbilical cord milking in non-vigorous infants: A cluster-randomized crossover trial – American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary on Twitter

Does milking the umbilical cord benefit infants non-vigorous at birth?

A new RCT by @NeoAnup published in @AJOG_thegray evaluates this https://t.co/M5RRAzdEHz #neoEBM #neoTwitter #EBNEOAlerts pic.twitter.com/mZnSKjcGNt

— Evidence-Based Neo (@EBNEO) August 20, 2022

Cohort Study | Associations between maternal antenatal corticosteroid treatment and psychological developmental and neurosensory disorders in children.

6 Sep, 2022 | 14:26h | UTC

Associations Between Maternal Antenatal Corticosteroid Treatment and Psychological Developmental and Neurosensory Disorders in Children – JAMA Network Open

Commentary: Toxicity of antenatal steroids on the developing brain – Neonatal Research

Commentary on Twitter

Maternal antenatal corticosteroid treatment-exposure, compared with nonexposure, was associated with higher rates of psychological development and neurosensory disorders in children followed from birth through 12 years of age. #OAResearch https://t.co/PuVSBTASze

— JAMA Network Open (@JAMANetworkOpen) August 24, 2022

Perspective | Should less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) become routine practice in US neonatal units?

29 Aug, 2022 | 11:59h | UTC

Should less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) become routine practice in US neonatal units? – Pediatric Research

RCT: In preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome, surfactant administration via a thin catheter did not improve outcomes.

Systematic Review: Surfactant therapy via thin catheter in preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome is associated with reduced risk of death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia, less intubation in the first 72 hours, and reduced incidence of major complications and in‐hospital mortality.

Cohort Study | Characteristics of prescription opioid analgesics in pregnancy and risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome in newborns.

25 Aug, 2022 | 12:02h | UTC

Characteristics of Prescription Opioid Analgesics in Pregnancy and Risk of Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome in Newborns – JAMA Network Open

Cohort Study | Analysis of neonatal neurobehavior and developmental outcomes among preterm infants.

25 Aug, 2022 | 11:51h | UTC

Analysis of Neonatal Neurobehavior and Developmental Outcomes Among Preterm Infants – JAMA Network Open

Invited commentary: Neurobehavior in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit—Window to the Future? – JAMA Network Open

Commentary on Twitter

A new study in @JAMANetworkOpen examines the association between medical and neurobehavioral risk at discharge and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years https://t.co/1hAJwIpLQp #EBNEOalerts #neoEBM #neotwitter pic.twitter.com/a0F01LqUcd

— Evidence-Based Neo (@EBNEO) July 27, 2022

Trends in active treatment of live-born neonates between 22 weeks 0 days and 25 weeks 6 days by gestational age and maternal race and ethnicity in the US, 2014 to 2020.

18 Aug, 2022 | 12:32h | UTC

Trends in Active Treatment of Live-born Neonates Between 22 Weeks 0 Days and 25 Weeks 6 Days by Gestational Age and Maternal Race and Ethnicity in the US, 2014 to 2020 – JAMA (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentaries:

Study finds racial, ethnic disparities in rate of medical intervention among earliest premature babies – The Ohio State University

Active Treatment for Extremely Preterm Babies on the Rise — Yet researchers find racial and ethnic disparities in treatment initiation – MedPage Today (free registration required)

Commentary on Twitter

From 2014 to 2020 in the US, the frequency of active treatment among neonates born alive between 22 weeks 0 days and 25 weeks 6 days significantly increased, and there were differences in rates of active treatment by race and ethnicity. https://t.co/Xflqhxklul #Research

— JAMA (@JAMA_current) August 17, 2022