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Pediatrics – Neonatal/Perinatal

Cluster RCT | Eat, sleep, console approach vs. usual care for neonatal opioid withdrawal

3 May, 2023 | 15:35h | UTC

Eat, Sleep, Console Approach or Usual Care for Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

News Release: “Eat, Sleep, Console” reduces hospital stay and need for medication among opioid-exposed infants – NIH News Releases

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


Criteria for placental examination for obstetrical and neonatal providers

28 Apr, 2023 | 13:06h | UTC

Criteria for placental examination for obstetrical and neonatal providers – American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology

 


RCT | Cerebral oximetry monitoring fails to reduce death or severe brain injury in extremely preterm infants

25 Apr, 2023 | 14:45h | UTC

Cerebral Oximetry Monitoring in Extremely Preterm Infants – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: No reduction in death or severe brain injury with cerebral oximetry monitoring in extremely preterm infants, finds study – MedicalXpress

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


Sudden unexpected infant deaths in the US: 2015–2020

25 Apr, 2023 | 14:27h | UTC

Sudden Unexpected Infant Deaths: 2015–2020 – Pediatrics

Commentary:

Increasing Disparities in Sudden Unexpected Infant Deaths Reflect Societal Failures – Pediatrics

2020 spike in SIDS likely due to diagnostic shifting, not COVID-19 – Contemporary Pediatrics

 


SR | Opioids for procedural pain in neonates

19 Apr, 2023 | 13:11h | UTC

Opioids for procedural pain in neonates – Cochrane Library

Summary: Painkillers other than opioids to treat pain in babies undergoing painful procedures – Cochrane Library

 


M-A | Retinopathy of prematurity and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants

10 Apr, 2023 | 13:36h | UTC

Retinopathy of prematurity and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants: A systematic review and meta-analysis – Frontiers in Pediatrics

 


Podcast | Congenital hypothyroidism

6 Apr, 2023 | 13:11h | UTC

#78: Congenital Hypothyroidism – The Cribsiders

 


RCT | Safety and efficacy of Pitolisant in children aged 6 years or older with narcolepsy with or without cataplexy

6 Apr, 2023 | 13:08h | UTC

Safety and efficacy of pitolisant in children aged 6 years or older with narcolepsy with or without cataplexy: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial – The Lancet Neurology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: Pitolisant Improves Pediatric Narcolepsy Symptoms Regardless of Cataplexy in Phase 3 Study – Neurology Live

 


SR | Induction of labor at or near term for suspected fetal macrosomia

6 Apr, 2023 | 12:55h | UTC

Induction of labour at or near term for suspected fetal macrosomia – Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Summary: Induction of labour at or near the end of pregnancy for babies suspected of being very large (macrosomia) – Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

 


Review | Use of cardio-pulmonary ultrasound in the neonatal intensive care unit

5 Apr, 2023 | 12:58h | UTC

Use of Cardio-Pulmonary Ultrasound in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit – Children

 


Review | Evaluation of the hypotensive preterm infant: evidence-based practice at the bedside?

5 Apr, 2023 | 12:55h | UTC

Evaluation of the Hypotensive Preterm Infant: Evidence-Based Practice at the Bedside? – Children

 


Review | Respiratory management of the preterm infant: supporting evidence-based practice at the bedside

5 Apr, 2023 | 12:53h | UTC

Respiratory Management of the Preterm Infant: Supporting Evidence-Based Practice at the Bedside – Children

 


SR | Risk factors for length of NICU stay of newborns

3 Apr, 2023 | 13:23h | UTC

Risk factors for length of NICU stay of newborns: A systematic review – Frontiers in Pediatrics

 


Prematurity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: what general pediatricians should know

30 Mar, 2023 | 14:12h | UTC

Prematurity and BPD: what general pediatricians should know – European Journal of Pediatrics

 


Cohort Study | Opioid use for pain relief after birth appears to pose no significant risk to breastfed infants

23 Mar, 2023 | 13:08h | UTC

Summary: This large study from Canada found that infants born to mothers prescribed opioids after delivery, mainly following a cesarean, are at no greater risk of harm shortly after birth than infants of mothers not prescribed opioids. This suggests that breastfeeding is likely safe for babies whose mothers are taking opioids for pain relief.

The study included 865,691 mother-infant pairs discharged from Ontario hospitals within seven days of delivery between September 2012 and March 2020. Researchers matched mothers who filled an opioid prescription within seven days of discharge to those who did not.

Among the infants admitted to the hospital within 30 days, 2,962 (3.5%) were born to mothers who filled an opioid prescription compared with 3,038 (3.5%) born to mothers who did not, showing that infants of mothers prescribed opioids were no more likely to be admitted to the hospital for any reason. These children were only marginally more likely to visit the emergency department in the subsequent 30 days, and no differences were found for other serious outcomes, including breathing problems or admission to a neonatal intensive care unit, and no infant deaths occurred.

Although the study has some limitations, the high initial breastfeeding rates in Canada (90%) and the consistency of the findings with the fact that millions of new mothers are prescribed opioids after delivery each year provide confidence in the conclusions.

Article: Maternal opioid treatment after delivery and risk of adverse infant outcomes: population based cohort study – The BMJ

Editorial: Opioid analgesia for breastfeeding mothers – The BMJ

News Release: Infants of mothers given opioids after birth are at low risk of harm – BMJ Newsroom

 


M-A | The efficacy of Kangaroo-Mother care to the clinical outcomes of LBW and premature infants

21 Mar, 2023 | 13:35h | UTC

Summary: Kangaroo-Mother Care (KMC) is a method that involves skin-to-skin contact between the mother and newborn, frequent exclusive or almost exclusive breastfeeding, and early discharge. KMC is an alternative to traditional care interventions for low birthweight (LBW) infants, and the World Health Organization has recommended its use for LBW infants for over a decade.

The authors conducted a meta-analysis including 17 randomized clinical trials involving 17,668 participants. They found that KMC can significantly reduce neonatal mortality, lower hypothermia and sepsis rates, and reduce the duration of hospital stay. The authors suggest that KMC should be promoted, popularized, and standardized in clinical practice.

Article: The efficacy of Kangaroo-Mother care to the clinical outcomes of LBW and premature infants in the first 28 days: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials – Frontiers in Pediatrics

Related:

Immediate “Kangaroo Mother Care” and Survival of Infants with Low Birth Weight – New England Journal of Medicine

Effect of community-initiated kangaroo mother care on survival of infants with low birthweight: a randomised controlled trial – The Lancet

Effect of Community-Initiated Kangaroo Mother Care on Postpartum Depressive Symptoms and Stress Among Mothers of Low-Birth-Weight Infants: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Network Open

Kangaroo mother care to reduce morbidity and mortality in low birthweight infants – Cochrane Library

Preterm care during the COVID-19 pandemic: A comparative risk analysis of neonatal deaths averted by kangaroo mother care versus mortality due to SARS-CoV-2 infection – EclinicalMedicine

 


Consensus on complementary feeding in pediatrics

21 Mar, 2023 | 13:30h | UTC

Consensus on complementary feeding from the Latin American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition: COCO 2023 – Revista de Gastroenterología de México

 


SR | Systemic corticosteroid regimens for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants

21 Mar, 2023 | 13:14h | UTC

Systemic corticosteroid regimens for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants – Cochrane Library

Summary: Different timing and dosages of corticosteroids to prevent lung injury – Cochrane Library

 


SR | Postnatal phenobarbital for the prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants

21 Mar, 2023 | 13:15h | UTC

Postnatal phenobarbital for the prevention of intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants – Cochrane Library

Summary: What are the benefits and risks of phenobarbital for preventing bleeding to the brain in babies born too early? – Cochrane Library

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


Review | The latent phase of labor

20 Mar, 2023 | 13:28h | UTC

The latent phase of labor – American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


Consensus Statement | Point-of-care ultrasound for systematic assessment of the crashing neonate

17 Mar, 2023 | 13:05h | UTC

Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) protocol for systematic assessment of the crashing neonate—expert consensus statement of the international crashing neonate working group – European Journal of Pediatrics

 


SR | Planned hospital birth compared with planned home birth for pregnant women at low risk of complications

17 Mar, 2023 | 12:51h | UTC

Planned hospital birth compared with planned home birth for pregnant women at low risk of complications – Cochrane Library

Summary: Planned hospital birth versus planned home birth – Cochrane Library

 


20 million pregnant women with group B streptococcus carriage: consequences, challenges, and opportunities for prevention

15 Mar, 2023 | 14:53h | UTC

20 million pregnant women with group B streptococcus carriage: consequences, challenges, and opportunities for prevention – Current Opinion in Pediatrics

 


SR | Intermittent phototherapy versus continuous phototherapy for neonatal jaundice

7 Mar, 2023 | 12:59h | UTC

Summary:

Phototherapy is a widely accepted first-line therapy for neonatal jaundice, and while continuous phototherapy is traditionally used, intermittent phototherapy has been proposed as an equally effective alternative with practical advantages such as improved maternal feeding and bonding. This systematic review compared intermittent vs. continuous phototherapy’s effectiveness and safety in treating neonatal jaundice.

The study included 12 randomized controlled trials involving 1600 infants, and found little or no difference between intermittent and continuous phototherapy in reducing bilirubin levels. Continuous phototherapy was found to be more effective in preterm infants, but the risks and potential benefits are unknown.

The review concludes that while there are theoretical benefits to intermittent regimens, large, well-designed, prospective trials are needed to determine whether intermittent and continuous phototherapy are equally effective and safe in both preterm and term infants.

Article: Intermittent phototherapy versus continuous phototherapy for neonatal jaundice – Cochrane Library

Summary: Intermittent phototherapy versus continuous phototherapy for neonatal jaundice – Cochrane Library

 


Cohort Study | Early pregnancy exposure to NSAIDs is associated with slightly higher risks of neonatal and maternal adverse outcomes

7 Mar, 2023 | 12:56h | UTC

Summary:

A nationwide cohort study in South Korea, including 1.8 million pregnancies, investigated the association between the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) during early pregnancy and neonatal and maternal adverse outcomes.

The study revealed that pregnant women exposed to NSAIDs during early pregnancy were at increased risk of oligohydramnios and had a slightly higher likelihood of having an infant with major congenital malformations and low birth weight. These risks remained elevated when comparing NSAIDs against acetaminophen or past users.

The study suggests that clinicians should weigh the need to prescribe NSAIDs in early pregnancy against the modest but possible risk of neonatal and maternal outcomes and consider prescribing nonselective NSAIDs for <10 days, with continued careful monitoring for any safety signals.

Article: Neonatal and maternal adverse outcomes and exposure to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs during early pregnancy in South Korea: A nationwide cohort study – PLOS Medicine

 


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