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Family Medicine

Systematic Review: Quantifying anticholinergic burden and sedative load in older adults with polypharmacy.

26 Nov, 2021 | 09:58h | UTC

Quantifying Anticholinergic Burden and Sedative Load in Older Adults with Polypharmacy: A Systematic Review of Risk Scales and Models – Drugs & Aging

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Systematic Review: Insufficient evidence to recommend Omega‐3 fatty acids for depression in adults.

26 Nov, 2021 | 09:54h | UTC

Omega‐3 fatty acids for depression in adults – Cochrane Library

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

EMA recommends approval of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine for children aged 5 to 11.

26 Nov, 2021 | 08:47h | UTC

Comirnaty COVID-19 vaccine: EMA recommends approval for children aged 5 to 11 – European Medicines Agency

Related:

RCT: Pfizer vaccine shows 90.7% efficacy for preventing Covid-19 in children 5 to 11 years of age.

What COVID vaccines for young kids could mean for the pandemic.

CDC advisers endorse Pfizer’s Covid-19 vaccine for kids 5-11.

FDA advisory panel recommends Pfizer Covid-19 vaccine be authorized for children ages 5 to 11.

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Heavily mutated coronavirus variant puts scientists on alert – “Researchers are racing to determine whether a fast-spreading variant in South Africa poses a threat to COVID vaccines’ effectiveness”.

26 Nov, 2021 | 08:42h | UTC

Heavily mutated coronavirus variant puts scientists on alert – Nature

See also:

Covid: New heavily mutated variant B.1.1.529 in South Africa raises concern – BBC

WHO calls special meeting to discuss new Covid variant found in South Africa with ‘a large number of mutations’ – CNBC

New COVID-19 Variant With Multiple Concerning Mutations Identified in Southern Africa – Health Policy Watch

Scientists warn of new Covid variant with high number of mutations – The Guardian

South Africa detects new COVID variant with many mutations – MedicalXpress

 

Related commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

M-A: Persistent symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection among children and young people – “Higher study quality was associated with lower prevalence of all symptoms, except loss of smell and cognitive symptoms”.

26 Nov, 2021 | 08:35h | UTC

Persistent symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection among children and young people: a meta-analysis of controlled and uncontrolled studies – Journal of Infection

Related:

Review: Long COVID symptoms in children rarely persist beyond three months.

Cohort study: long term follow-up showed most patients with post–COVID-19 Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children had good outcomes with no significant medium- or long-term sequelae.

Long COVID: the physical and mental health of children and non-hospitalized young people after SARS-CoV-2 infection – one in seven children may still have symptoms 15 weeks after infection.

Do kids get long COVID? And how often? A pediatrician looks at the data – Children also get Long Covid, but much less often than adults.

Illness duration and symptom profile in symptomatic school-aged children tested for SARS-CoV-2 – “Only 25 (1.8%) of 1379 children experienced symptoms for at least 56 days.”

Long-term Symptoms After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Adolescents – “This study found a low prevalence of symptoms compatible with long COVID in a randomly selected cohort of children assessed 6 months after serologic testing”.

Study shows low incidence of post-acute COVID-19 symptoms (“Long Covid”) in children after mild disease

Cohort study: Risk factors for long covid in previously hospitalized children.

M-A: More than 50 long-term effects of COVID-19.

 

WHO Interim statement on COVID-19 vaccination for children and adolescents.

25 Nov, 2021 | 10:49h | UTC

Interim statement on COVID-19 vaccination for children and adolescents – World Health Organization

 

A population-based cohort study in Qatar showed reinfections had 90% lower odds of resulting in hospitalization or death than primary infections.

25 Nov, 2021 | 10:46h | UTC

Severity of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfections as Compared with Primary Infections – New England Journal of Medicine

Related: [Preprint] M-A of 12.011.447 individuals finds individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 had an 81% reduction in odds of a reinfection.

 

Guideline for the laboratory diagnosis of iron deficiency in adults (excluding pregnancy) and children.

25 Nov, 2021 | 10:31h | UTC

Guideline for the laboratory diagnosis of iron deficiency in adults (excluding pregnancy) and children – British Journal of Haematology

 

Diets for weight management in adults with type 2 diabetes: an umbrella review of published meta-analyses and systematic review of trials of diets for diabetes remission – “Published meta-analyses of hypocaloric diets for weight management in people with type 2 diabetes do not support any particular macronutrient profile or style over others”.

25 Nov, 2021 | 10:19h | UTC

Diets for weight management in adults with type 2 diabetes: an umbrella review of published meta-analyses and systematic review of trials of diets for diabetes remission – Diabetologia

News Release: Analysis shows low energy diets with formula meal replacements are the most effective methods for weight management and remission in adults with type 2 diabetes – Diabetologia

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Systematic Review: Macrolides versus placebo for chronic asthma.

25 Nov, 2021 | 10:14h | UTC

Macrolides versus placebo for chronic asthma – Cochrane Library

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

M-A: Incidence, prevalence and determinants of discomfort in inflammatory bowel disease.

25 Nov, 2021 | 09:54h | UTC

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on the Incidence, Prevalence and Determinants of Discomfort in Inflammatory Bowel Disease – Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology

 

WHO issues guidelines on the treatment of children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19.

24 Nov, 2021 | 08:51h | UTC

News Release: WHO issues guidelines on the treatment of children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19 – World Health Organization

Guideline: Living guidance for clinical management of COVID-19 – World Health Organziation

Related:

An Update on Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Related to SARS-CoV-2.

Ten Things to Know About Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C).

Cohort study: long term follow-up showed most patients with post–COVID-19 Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children had good outcomes with no significant medium- or long-term sequelae.

Kawasaki Disease and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: An Overview and Comparison.

Cohort study: Six month follow-up of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

Cohort study: Among children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C) associated with Covid-19, there was no evidence that recovery differed after primary treatment with intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) alone, IVIG plus glucocorticoids, or glucocorticoids alone.

Cohort study: Among children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C) associated with Covid-19, initial treatment with intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) plus glucocorticoids was associated with a lower risk of new or persistent cardiovascular dysfunction than IVIG alone.

Cohort study showed that the incidence of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) was 316 persons per 1 000 000 SARS-CoV-2 infections in persons younger than 21 years. The incidence was higher among Black, Hispanic or Latino, and Asian or Pacific Islander persons.

Cohort study showed good recovery for most children 6 months after Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome (PIMS-TS) associated with SARS-CoV-2.

Epidemiology of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Step Closer to Understanding Who, Where, and When

Neurologic involvement in children and adolescents with COVID-19 or Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome

Clinical Update: Acute covid-19 and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

Differences in characteristics and outcomes of children and adolescents with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) vs. severe acute COVID-19

Cutaneous findings in SARS-CoV-2-associated Multisystem Inflammatory Disease in Children (MIS-C)

SR: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children related to COVID-19

Observational study: The combination of Immunoglobulins + Methylprednisolone was associated with a better course of fever compared to Immunoglobulins alone in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in children

ACR Guidance for pediatric patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with SARS‐CoV‐2

New systematic review of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With SARS-CoV-2 infection summarizes the clinical features, management, and outcomes of the disease, showing favorable outcomes for the majority of children

 

We expected people with asthma to fare worse during COVID. Turns out they’ve had a break.

24 Nov, 2021 | 08:44h | UTC

We expected people with asthma to fare worse during COVID. Turns out they’ve had a break – The Conversation

 

AGA Clinical practice update on management of chronic gastrointestinal pain in disorders of gut–brain interaction.

24 Nov, 2021 | 08:42h | UTC

AGA Clinical Practice Update on Management of Chronic Gastrointestinal Pain in Disorders of Gut–Brain Interaction: Expert Review – Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology

 

Cohort study found the risk of myocardial infarction may be best predicted by the number of apolipoprotein B containing lipoproteins.

24 Nov, 2021 | 08:41h | UTC

Association of Apolipoprotein B–Containing Lipoproteins and Risk of Myocardial Infarction in Individuals With and Without Atherosclerosis: Distinguishing Between Particle Concentration, Type, and Content – JAMA Cardiology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentaries:

ApoB Gains Ground as Best Lipid Predictor of MI Risk – TCTMD

Study finds risk of MI best captured by number of apolipoprotein B lipoproteins – MedicalResearch

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Viewpoint: The growing phenomenon of “virtual-first” primary care.

24 Nov, 2021 | 08:39h | UTC

The Growing Phenomenon of “Virtual-First” Primary Care – JAMA (free for a limited period)

 

RCT: A brief 5:2 diet advice resulted in similar weight loss at one year vs. a standard multicomponent weight-management advice (-2.6kg vs. -1.9kg, p = 0.37).

24 Nov, 2021 | 08:29h | UTC

A randomised controlled trial of the 5:2 diet – PLOS One

News Release: Brief 5:2 diet advice is as effective as traditional GP advice, but people like it better, according to new study – Queen Mary University of London

Commentary: Fasting 2 days a week can help obese people keep off the weight with modest results, study finds – CNN

 

Review: A Road Map of the Axial Spondyloarthritis Continuum.

24 Nov, 2021 | 08:27h | UTC

A Road Map of the Axial Spondyloarthritis Continuum – Mayo Clinic Proceedings

 

Review: Prevention and treatment of atrial fibrillation via risk factor modification.

24 Nov, 2021 | 08:25h | UTC

Prevention and Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation via Risk Factor Modification – American Journal of Cardiology

 

Systematic Review: Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhea.

24 Nov, 2021 | 08:20h | UTC

Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use – Cochrane Library

Summary: Are rotavirus vaccines safe and effective in preventing rotavirus diarrhoea in infants and children? – Cochrane Library

Commentary: Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: an updated Cochrane review – Cochrane Library

 

[Preprint] Systematic Review: Duration of Effectiveness of Vaccines Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Disease – “effectiveness against COVID-19 severe disease remained high (>70%) in most studies in the six months after full vaccination, although it did decrease some (on average, 8-10 percentage points) between one and six months after full vaccination”.

23 Nov, 2021 | 08:57h | UTC

Duration of Effectiveness of Vaccines Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Disease: Results of a Systematic Review and Meta-Regression – Preprints with The Lancet – SSRN

Related:

Correlation of SARS-CoV-2-breakthrough infections to time-from-vaccine.

China’s COVID vaccines have been crucial — now immunity is waning.

[Preprint] Breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections in 620,000 U.S. Veterans, February 1, 2021 to August 13, 2021 – “Vaccine protection declined by mid-August 2021, decreasing from 91.9% in March to 53.9%”.

Observational study in Qatar showed the effectiveness of Pfizer vaccine against any SARS-CoV-2 infection dropped to 20% in months 5 through 7 after the second dose, but effectiveness against severe Covid-19 remained high.

Cohort study: Pfizer vaccine effectiveness against any infections declined from 88% during the first month after full vaccination to 47% after 5 months. Vaccine effectiveness against hospital admissions remained high; 87% within 1 month, and 88% at 5 months after full vaccination, with no significant waning.

Editorial | Covid-19 vaccination: evidence of waning immunity is overstated.

COVID vaccine immunity is waning — how much does that matter? – “As debates about booster shots heat up, what’s known about the duration of vaccine-based immunity is still evolving”.

COVID vaccine effects wane over time but still prevent death and severe illness.

Perspective | What we actually know about waning immunity.

Another study shows Pfizer mRNA vaccine immunity is reduced over time.

[Press release – not published yet] Study shows vaccine protection wanes over time, but vaccines still offer good protection against severe disease.

Studies: COVID vaccine protection waning against infection but not hospitalization.

 

M-A: Colchicine doesn’t lessen COVID-19 severity or stave off risk of death.

23 Nov, 2021 | 08:55h | UTC

News release: Gout drug colchicine doesn’t lessen COVID-19 severity or stave off risk of death – BMJ

Original Study: Efficacy and safety of colchicine in COVID-19: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials – RMD Open

Related:

RECOVERY Trial: In patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19, Colchicine did not reduce 28-day mortality, duration of hospital stay, or risk of progressing to invasive mechanical ventilation or death.

[Preprint] PRINCIPLE RCT: Colchicine does not improve time to recovery in outpatients with Covid-19 at higher risk of complications.

COLCORONA RCT: Colchicine for community-treated patients with COVID-19 – findings suggest it may lower death and hospital admission rates, but further studies are required.

[Preprint] RECOVERY Trial: Colchicine does not improve outcomes in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19.

 

Populational study in France did not show an increased incidence of acute myocardial infarction, stroke, and pulmonary embolism following the Pfizer vaccine.

23 Nov, 2021 | 08:51h | UTC

Myocardial Infarction, Stroke, and Pulmonary Embolism After BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine in People Aged 75 Years or Older – JAMA

 

ACG Clinical Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.

23 Nov, 2021 | 08:40h | UTC

ACG Clinical Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease – American Journal of Gastroenterology

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

In a survey of about 27,600 U.S. individuals, 18.5% of adults with hypertension used medications that may raise blood pressure; the most commonly reported classes were antidepressants, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, steroids, and estrogens.

23 Nov, 2021 | 08:33h | UTC

Prevalence of Medications That May Raise Blood Pressure Among Adults With Hypertension in the United States – JAMA Internal Medicine (free for a limited period)

 

Commentary from the author on Twitter (thread – click for more)

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