Pediatrics – Psychiatry
Guideline | Assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with major and persistent depressive disorders
10 May, 2023 | 15:37h | UTC
Cohort Study | There is no association between labor epidural analgesia and risk of offspring autism and ADHD
4 May, 2023 | 13:30h | UTC
Commentary with video on Twitter
AJOG Presents: Labor epidural analgesia and subsequent risk of offspring autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a cross-national cohort study of 4.5 million individuals and their siblings https://t.co/XFbedq7SAz pic.twitter.com/J4Mu5xSwT6
— AJOG (@AJOG_thegray) February 4, 2023
Review | Suicide in young people: screening, risk assessment, and intervention
2 May, 2023 | 13:56h | UTCSuicide in young people: screening, risk assessment, and intervention – The BMJ
ADHD Medication Misuse | 25% of students in some US schools report nonmedical use for stimulant effect
26 Apr, 2023 | 14:21h | UTCNews Release: In some US schools, 1 in 4 students report misusing prescription stimulants – University of Michigan
Commentary on Twitter
Prescription stimulant misuse varies from 0% to >25% across US secondary schools. Schools with highest rates of stimulant therapy for #ADHD had 36% increased odds of misuse, offering targets for prevention and risk reduction strategies. https://t.co/4XHGpooBjz
— JAMA Network Open (@JAMANetworkOpen) April 18, 2023
Cohort Study | Prenatal exposure to antiseizure medication and incidence of childhood-onset psychiatric disorders
24 Apr, 2023 | 13:10h | UTCPrenatal Exposure to Antiseizure Medication and Incidence of Childhood- and Adolescence-Onset Psychiatric Disorders – JAMA Neurology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Author Interview: Prenatal Exposure to Antiseizure Medication and Psychiatric Disorders – JAMA
Commentary on Twitter
Study strengthens the evidence for the warning against the use of valproate in pregnancy, supports concerns about the use of topiramate, and provides a preliminary indication for caution with the use of levetiracetam in pregnancy. https://t.co/BZzZP0tSZs
— JAMA Neurology (@JAMANeuro) April 17, 2023
Comprehensive clinical practice guidelines for the management of psychiatric emergencies
18 Apr, 2023 | 13:34h | UTCClinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Suicidal Behaviour
Clinical Practice Guidelines for Assessment and Management of Aggressive and Assaultive Behaviour
Clinical Practice Guidelines on Breaking Bad News
Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Use of Electroconvulsive Therapy
Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Use of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Psychiatry
The earlier the better: an RCT of treatment timing effects for toddlers on the autism spectrum
17 Apr, 2023 | 12:52h | UTC
SR | Methylphenidate for children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
17 Apr, 2023 | 12:39h | UTC
Perspective | Teen girls are faring worse than boys on nearly all mental health measures—here’s why
3 Apr, 2023 | 13:33h | UTCTeen Girls Are Faring Worse Than Boys on Nearly All Mental Health Measures—Here’s Why – JAMA (free for a limited period)
Commentary on Twitter
The latest @CDCgov Youth Risk Behavior Survey, administered in 2021, shows that mental health has worsened for all adolescents, but especially for girls. Nearly a third of teen girls said they seriously considered suicide. https://t.co/gVHoLYtI5b #MedicalNews
— JAMA (@JAMA_current) March 28, 2023
Review | Navigating the new eating disorder landscape: atypical anorexia and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder
24 Mar, 2023 | 13:03h | UTCPitfalls and Risks of “New Eating Disorders”: Let the Expert Speak! – Nutrients
Commentary: A review on two novel eating disorders – News Medical
RCT | Impact of sleep deprivation on health-related quality of life in healthy children
23 Mar, 2023 | 12:57h | UTCCommentaries:
Sleep Disruption Linked to Lower HRQOL in Children – HealthDay
How just 39 minutes of sleep can make or break your child’s health, happiness and school day – CNN
COVID-19 pandemic measures may have caused reduced cognitive abilities among German students, study shows
20 Mar, 2023 | 13:50h | UTCSummary: This study investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the cognitive abilities of secondary school students in Germany. The study compared the intelligence test performance of 424 students in Grades 7 to 9, tested after the first six months of the pandemic, to the results of two highly comparable student samples tested in 2002 and 2012.
The study found that the 2020 sample had substantially lower intelligence test scores than both the 2002 and 2012 samples. The study also retested the 2020 sample after another full school year of COVID-19-affected schooling in 2021 and found no signs of catching up to previous cohorts or further declines in cognitive performance.
It can be inferred from the article that the lower intelligence test scores of the 2020 sample may have been caused by the prolonged disruption of regular schooling due to the COVID-19 pandemic, including lockdowns and school closures.
The study highlights the potential negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the cognitive abilities of secondary school students and suggests that these consequences should be taken into account when conducting intelligence assessments in the post-pandemic era. It also recommends that appropriate compensatory measures be implemented to address any learning loss or cognitive deficits that may have resulted from the disruption of regular schooling during the pandemic.
M-A | Comparison of pediatric emergency department visits for attempted suicide before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
15 Mar, 2023 | 14:56h | UTC
Adolescent substance use | Objective assessment with hair analysis nearly doubled the estimated prevalence based on self-reported data
14 Mar, 2023 | 13:34h | UTCNews Release: Hair analysis shows child drug use could be twice as high as we think – Taylor & Francis Group
Perspective | Antipsychotics are increasingly being prescribed to children – here’s why we should be concerned
8 Mar, 2023 | 14:29h | UTCOriginal study: Cohort Study | Trends in antipsychotic prescribing to children and adolescents in England
RCT | Reducing social media use improves appearance and weight esteem in youth with emotional distress
3 Mar, 2023 | 14:04h | UTCSummary: The article discusses a randomized controlled trial conducted on 220 participants aged 17-25 to examine the effects of reducing smartphone social media use (SMU) on appearance and weight esteem in youth with emotional distress. The participants were divided into an intervention group (limited to 1 hr/day SMU) and a control group (unrestricted SMU). The study found that reducing SMU improved appearance and weight esteem in the intervention group, while the control group showed no significant change. The authors concluded that reducing SMU may be a feasible and effective method of improving body image in a vulnerable youth population and should be evaluated as a potential component in treating body image-related disturbances. It is worth noting, however, that the impossibility of blinding participants and the subjective nature of the endpoints make it difficult to draw definitive conclusions on the subject.
News Release: Reducing social media use significantly improves body image in teens, young adults – American Psychological Association
Commentary: How to help young people limit screen time — and feel better about how they look – NPR
Pediatric edible cannabis exposures and acute toxicity in the US: 2017–2021
16 Feb, 2023 | 15:00h | UTCPediatric Edible Cannabis Exposures and Acute Toxicity: 2017–2021 – Pediatrics
Commentaries:
The Number of American Kids Eating Cannabis Has Surged Dramatically – Science Alert
2017 to 2021 Saw Increase in Pediatric Edible Cannabis Exposure – HealthDay
Diagnostic Study | Level of attention to motherese speech as an early marker of autism spectrum disorder
14 Feb, 2023 | 11:04h | UTCSummary: A study was conducted to determine if levels of attention to motherese speech can be used as a diagnostic marker for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and if they are associated with social and language abilities. The study involved 653 toddlers aged 12 to 48 months and used gaze-contingent eye tracking to measure attention to motherese speech. The results showed that toddlers without ASD had high levels of fixation on motherese speech, while those with ASD had significantly reduced levels. If a toddler fixated on motherese speech at or below 30%, the probability of them being accurately diagnosed with ASD was 94%, and it was also associated with reduced social and language abilities. The findings suggest that attention to motherese speech may be a diagnostic and prognostic marker of ASD.
(By ChatGPT, reviewed and edited)
Commentaries:
Toddlers’ Attention to ‘Motherese’ Could Give Clues to Autism – HealthDay
Cohort Study | In utero exposure to ADHD medication does not seem to result in worse offspring neurodevelopmental outcomes
14 Feb, 2023 | 10:54h | UTCSummary: The authors conducted a study to investigate the long-term effects of in utero exposure to ADHD medication (methylphenidate, amphetamine, dexamphetamine, lisdexamphetamine, modafinil, atomoxetine, clonidine) on offspring. The study followed 1,068,073 liveborn singletons from 1998 to 2018 and compared the outcomes of children whose mothers continued or discontinued ADHD medication during pregnancy. The main outcomes were neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorders, impairments in vision or hearing, epilepsy, seizures, or growth impairment during childhood or adolescence. After adjustment for demographic and psychiatric characteristics of the mother, no increased risk of any developmental disorders was found in offspring exposed to ADHD medication compared to those not exposed. The results provide reassurance for women with ADHD who depend on medication and consider continuing it during pregnancy.
(By ChatGPT, reviewed and edited)
Article: In utero exposure to ADHD medication and long-term offspring outcomes – Molecular Psychiatry (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary from the author on Twitter (thread – click for more)
In-utero exposure to ADHD medication is not associated with long-term adverse neurodevelopmental disorders and growth restriction in the offspring.
Read the thread below 🧵on our new paper just published in @molpsychiatry
👉 https://t.co/MKZ0aeFnhU#ADHD— Kathrine Bang Madsen (@Kathrine_BaMa) February 9, 2023
M-A | Efficacy of treatments for children, adolescents, and young adults with Tourette’s syndrome
8 Feb, 2023 | 12:13h | UTCComparative efficacy, tolerability, and acceptability of pharmacological interventions for the treatment of children, adolescents, and young adults with Tourette’s syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis – The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary on Twitter
Treatment recommendations are inconsistent for #Tourette syndrome.
New network meta-analysis by @luis_farhat & team shows that #antipsychotics are the most efficacious, while α-2 agonists are also more efficacious than placebohttps://t.co/awYHWUJA3v
— The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health (@LancetChildAdol) December 19, 2022
Cohort Study | Associations between infant screen use, electroencephalography markers, and cognitive outcomes
1 Feb, 2023 | 13:34h | UTCCommentaries:
Infant Screen Use Linked to Alterations in Cortical EEG Before Age 2 – HealthDay
Your child’s academic success may start with their screen time as infants, study says – CNN
M-A | Association between autism spectrum disorders and cardiometabolic diseases
1 Feb, 2023 | 13:11h | UTCAssociation Between Autism Spectrum Disorders and Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis – JAMA Pediatrics (free for a limited period)
Editorial: Autism, Physical Health Conditions, and a Need for Reform – JAMA Pediatrics (free for a limited period)
Commentary on Twitter
Study results suggest that having autism may be associated with a higher risk of developing diabetes, dyslipidemia, and heart disease. https://t.co/T19VAQxdjf
— JAMA Pediatrics (@JAMAPediatrics) January 30, 2023
Cohort Study | Alcohol-related problems before and after metabolic and bariatric surgery in adolescents
26 Jan, 2023 | 12:01h | UTCA Prospective Cohort of Alcohol use and Alcohol-related Problems Before and After Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery in Adolescents – Annals of Surgery (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
News Release: Problems with Alcohol Increase After Weight-Loss Surgery in Adolescence – Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago
Related Study: Association Between Bariatric Surgery and Alcohol Use–Related Hospitalization and All-Cause Mortality in a Veterans Affairs Cohort – JAMA Surgery (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Review | Common sleep disorders in children
24 Jan, 2023 | 14:22h | UTCCommon Sleep Disorders in Children – American Family Physician
Note: AFP provides superb review articles that are freely available one year after publication.
RCT | Telehealth treatment of behavior problems in young children with developmental delay
20 Jan, 2023 | 14:38h | UTCTelehealth Treatment of Behavior Problems in Young Children With Developmental Delay: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Pediatrics (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentaries:
Telehealth Parent-Child Interaction Therapy Aids Child Behavior – HealthDay
Commentary on Twitter
Study provides evidence that a #telehealth-delivered parenting intervention with real-time therapist coaching led to significant and maintained improvements for young children with #DevelopmentalDelay and their caregivers. https://t.co/xYOOxDfL4U
— JAMA Pediatrics (@JAMAPediatrics) January 10, 2023