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Pediatrics – Psychiatry

Guideline | Assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with major and persistent depressive disorders

10 May, 2023 | 15:37h | UTC

Clinical Practice Guideline for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Major and Persistent Depressive Disorders – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry

 

Cohort Study | There is no association between labor epidural analgesia and risk of offspring autism and ADHD

4 May, 2023 | 13:30h | UTC

Labor epidural analgesia and subsequent risk of offspring autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a cross-national cohort study of 4.5 million individuals and their siblings – American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology

 

Commentary with video on Twitter

 

Review | Suicide in young people: screening, risk assessment, and intervention

2 May, 2023 | 13:56h | UTC

Suicide in young people: screening, risk assessment, and intervention – The BMJ

 

ADHD Medication Misuse | 25% of students in some US schools report nonmedical use for stimulant effect

26 Apr, 2023 | 14:21h | UTC

Prescription Stimulant Medical and Nonmedical Use Among US Secondary School Students, 2005 to 2020 – JAMA Network Open

News Release: In some US schools, 1 in 4 students report misusing prescription stimulants – University of Michigan

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Cohort Study | Prenatal exposure to antiseizure medication and incidence of childhood-onset psychiatric disorders

24 Apr, 2023 | 13:10h | UTC

Prenatal Exposure to Antiseizure Medication and Incidence of Childhood- and Adolescence-Onset Psychiatric Disorders – JAMA Neurology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Author Interview: Prenatal Exposure to Antiseizure Medication and Psychiatric Disorders – JAMA

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Comprehensive clinical practice guidelines for the management of psychiatric emergencies

18 Apr, 2023 | 13:34h | UTC

Homepage: Clinical Practice Guidelines for Psychiatric Emergencies and Brain Stimulation Techniques – Indian Journal of Psychiatry

Editorial

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Suicidal Behaviour

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Assessment and Management of Aggressive and Assaultive Behaviour

Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Assessment and Management of Elderly Presenting with Psychiatric Emergencies

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Assessment and Management of Children and Adolescents Presenting with Psychiatric Emergencies

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Assessment and Management of Psychiatric Emergencies in Victims of Sexual Violence

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Assessment and Management of Anxiety and Panic Disorders in Emergency Setting

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Assessment and Management of Dissociative Disorders Presenting as Psychiatric Emergencies

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Assessment and Management of Patients with Substance Intoxication Presenting to the Emergency Department

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Assessment and Management of Patients Presenting with Psychosocial Crisis

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Assessment and Management of Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder

Clinical Practice Guidelines on Breaking Bad News

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Assessment and Management of Psychiatric Morbidity in Medical Professionals

Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Use of Electroconvulsive Therapy

Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Therapeutic Use of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Use of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Psychiatry

 

The earlier the better: an RCT of treatment timing effects for toddlers on the autism spectrum

17 Apr, 2023 | 12:52h | UTC

The earlier the better: An RCT of treatment timing effects for toddlers on the autism spectrum – Autism

News Release: Researchers find earlier intervention leads to greater improvements in young children on the autism spectrum – Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

 

SR | Methylphenidate for children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

17 Apr, 2023 | 12:39h | UTC

Methylphenidate for children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) – Cochrane Library

 

Perspective | Teen girls are faring worse than boys on nearly all mental health measures—here’s why

3 Apr, 2023 | 13:33h | UTC

Teen Girls Are Faring Worse Than Boys on Nearly All Mental Health Measures—Here’s Why – JAMA (free for a limited period)

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Review | Navigating the new eating disorder landscape: atypical anorexia and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder

24 Mar, 2023 | 13:03h | UTC

Pitfalls and Risks of “New Eating Disorders”: Let the Expert Speak! – Nutrients

Commentary: A review on two novel eating disorders – News Medical

 

RCT | Impact of sleep deprivation on health-related quality of life in healthy children

23 Mar, 2023 | 12:57h | UTC

Effect of Sleep Changes on Health-Related Quality of Life in Healthy Children: A Secondary Analysis of the DREAM Crossover Trial – JAMA Network Open

Commentaries:

Sleep Disruption Linked to Lower HRQOL in Children – HealthDay

How just 39 minutes of sleep can make or break your child’s health, happiness and school day – CNN

 

COVID-19 pandemic measures may have caused reduced cognitive abilities among German students, study shows

20 Mar, 2023 | 13:50h | UTC

Summary: This study investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the cognitive abilities of secondary school students in Germany. The study compared the intelligence test performance of 424 students in Grades 7 to 9, tested after the first six months of the pandemic, to the results of two highly comparable student samples tested in 2002 and 2012.

The study found that the 2020 sample had substantially lower intelligence test scores than both the 2002 and 2012 samples. The study also retested the 2020 sample after another full school year of COVID-19-affected schooling in 2021 and found no signs of catching up to previous cohorts or further declines in cognitive performance.

It can be inferred from the article that the lower intelligence test scores of the 2020 sample may have been caused by the prolonged disruption of regular schooling due to the COVID-19 pandemic, including lockdowns and school closures.

The study highlights the potential negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the cognitive abilities of secondary school students and suggests that these consequences should be taken into account when conducting intelligence assessments in the post-pandemic era. It also recommends that appropriate compensatory measures be implemented to address any learning loss or cognitive deficits that may have resulted from the disruption of regular schooling during the pandemic.

Article: Students’ intelligence test results after six and sixteen months of irregular schooling due to the COVID-19 pandemic – PLOS One

News Release: After 6 months of disrupted schooling during COVID-19, German students scored substantially lower on intelligence tests than comparative earlier cohorts, with the gap persisting after 16 months – PLOS

 

M-A | Comparison of pediatric emergency department visits for attempted suicide before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

15 Mar, 2023 | 14:56h | UTC

Comparison of paediatric emergency department visits for attempted suicide, self-harm, and suicidal ideation before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis – The Lancet Psychiatry

News Release: Emergency department visits for attempted suicides rose globally among youth during pandemic, shows meta-analysis – University of Calgary

 

Adolescent substance use | Objective assessment with hair analysis nearly doubled the estimated prevalence based on self-reported data

14 Mar, 2023 | 13:34h | UTC

Concordance between substance use self-report and hair analysis in community-based adolescents – The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse

News Release: Hair analysis shows child drug use could be twice as high as we think – Taylor & Francis Group

 

Perspective | Antipsychotics are increasingly being prescribed to children – here’s why we should be concerned

8 Mar, 2023 | 14:29h | UTC

Antipsychotics are increasingly being prescribed to children – here’s why we should be concerned – The Conversation

Original study: Cohort Study | Trends in antipsychotic prescribing to children and adolescents in England

 

RCT | Reducing social media use improves appearance and weight esteem in youth with emotional distress

3 Mar, 2023 | 14:04h | UTC

Summary: The article discusses a randomized controlled trial conducted on 220 participants aged 17-25 to examine the effects of reducing smartphone social media use (SMU) on appearance and weight esteem in youth with emotional distress. The participants were divided into an intervention group (limited to 1 hr/day SMU) and a control group (unrestricted SMU). The study found that reducing SMU improved appearance and weight esteem in the intervention group, while the control group showed no significant change. The authors concluded that reducing SMU may be a feasible and effective method of improving body image in a vulnerable youth population and should be evaluated as a potential component in treating body image-related disturbances. It is worth noting, however, that the impossibility of blinding participants and the subjective nature of the endpoints make it difficult to draw definitive conclusions on the subject.

Article: Reducing Social Media Use Improves Appearance and Weight Esteem in Youth With Emotional Distress – American Psychological Association

News Release: Reducing social media use significantly improves body image in teens, young adults – American Psychological Association

Commentary: How to help young people limit screen time — and feel better about how they look – NPR

 

Pediatric edible cannabis exposures and acute toxicity in the US: 2017–2021

16 Feb, 2023 | 15:00h | UTC

Pediatric Edible Cannabis Exposures and Acute Toxicity: 2017–2021 – Pediatrics

Commentaries:

The Number of American Kids Eating Cannabis Has Surged Dramatically – Science Alert

2017 to 2021 Saw Increase in Pediatric Edible Cannabis Exposure – HealthDay

 

Diagnostic Study | Level of attention to motherese speech as an early marker of autism spectrum disorder

14 Feb, 2023 | 11:04h | UTC

Summary: A study was conducted to determine if levels of attention to motherese speech can be used as a diagnostic marker for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and if they are associated with social and language abilities. The study involved 653 toddlers aged 12 to 48 months and used gaze-contingent eye tracking to measure attention to motherese speech. The results showed that toddlers without ASD had high levels of fixation on motherese speech, while those with ASD had significantly reduced levels. If a toddler fixated on motherese speech at or below 30%, the probability of them being accurately diagnosed with ASD was 94%, and it was also associated with reduced social and language abilities. The findings suggest that attention to motherese speech may be a diagnostic and prognostic marker of ASD.

(By ChatGPT, reviewed and edited)

 

Article: Level of Attention to Motherese Speech as an Early Marker of Autism Spectrum Disorder – JAMA Network Open

Commentaries:

Attention to motherese speech is a promising early diagnostic marker for autism spectrum disorder – News Medical

Toddlers’ Attention to ‘Motherese’ Could Give Clues to Autism – HealthDay

 

Cohort Study | In utero exposure to ADHD medication does not seem to result in worse offspring neurodevelopmental outcomes

14 Feb, 2023 | 10:54h | UTC

Summary: The authors conducted a study to investigate the long-term effects of in utero exposure to ADHD medication (methylphenidate, amphetamine, dexamphetamine, lisdexamphetamine, modafinil, atomoxetine, clonidine) on offspring. The study followed 1,068,073 liveborn singletons from 1998 to 2018 and compared the outcomes of children whose mothers continued or discontinued ADHD medication during pregnancy. The main outcomes were neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorders, impairments in vision or hearing, epilepsy, seizures, or growth impairment during childhood or adolescence. After adjustment for demographic and psychiatric characteristics of the mother, no increased risk of any developmental disorders was found in offspring exposed to ADHD medication compared to those not exposed. The results provide reassurance for women with ADHD who depend on medication and consider continuing it during pregnancy.

(By ChatGPT, reviewed and edited)

 

Article: In utero exposure to ADHD medication and long-term offspring outcomes – Molecular Psychiatry (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

News Release: Study: Pregnant women on ADHD medications shouldn’t worry about pediatric neurodevelopmental disorders – The Mount Sinai Hospital

 

Commentary from the author on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

M-A | Efficacy of treatments for children, adolescents, and young adults with Tourette’s syndrome

8 Feb, 2023 | 12:13h | UTC

Comparative efficacy, tolerability, and acceptability of pharmacological interventions for the treatment of children, adolescents, and young adults with Tourette’s syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis – The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Cohort Study | Associations between infant screen use, electroencephalography markers, and cognitive outcomes

1 Feb, 2023 | 13:34h | UTC

Associations Between Infant Screen Use, Electroencephalography Markers, and Cognitive Outcomes – JAMA Pediatrics

Commentaries:

Infant Screen Use Linked to Alterations in Cortical EEG Before Age 2 – HealthDay

Your child’s academic success may start with their screen time as infants, study says – CNN

 

M-A | Association between autism spectrum disorders and cardiometabolic diseases

1 Feb, 2023 | 13:11h | UTC

Association Between Autism Spectrum Disorders and Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis – JAMA Pediatrics (free for a limited period)

Editorial: Autism, Physical Health Conditions, and a Need for Reform – JAMA Pediatrics (free for a limited period)

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Cohort Study | Alcohol-related problems before and after metabolic and bariatric surgery in adolescents

26 Jan, 2023 | 12:01h | UTC

A Prospective Cohort of Alcohol use and Alcohol-related Problems Before and After Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery in Adolescents – Annals of Surgery (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

News Release: Problems with Alcohol Increase After Weight-Loss Surgery in Adolescence – Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago

Related Study: Association Between Bariatric Surgery and Alcohol Use–Related Hospitalization and All-Cause Mortality in a Veterans Affairs Cohort – JAMA Surgery (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

Review | Common sleep disorders in children

24 Jan, 2023 | 14:22h | UTC

Common Sleep Disorders in Children – American Family Physician

Note: AFP provides superb review articles that are freely available one year after publication.

 

RCT | Telehealth treatment of behavior problems in young children with developmental delay

20 Jan, 2023 | 14:38h | UTC

Telehealth Treatment of Behavior Problems in Young Children With Developmental Delay: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Pediatrics (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentaries:

Telehealth parent-child interaction therapy improved behavior in children with developmental delay – MDedge

Telehealth Parent-Child Interaction Therapy Aids Child Behavior – HealthDay

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

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