Nutrition (all articles)
Milk and dairy consumption and risk of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality
10 May, 2017 | 18:27h | UTCMeta-analysis: Milk and dairy consumption and risk of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality: dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies – European Journal of Epidemiology (free)
Source: Eating cheese does not raise risk of heart attack or stroke, study finds – The Guardian (free)
Dairy seems to be neutral regarding risks of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality.
Mortality from different causes associated with meat, heme iron, nitrates, and nitrites
10 May, 2017 | 18:28h | UTCMeta-analysis: Mortality from different causes associated with meat, heme iron, nitrates, and nitrites in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study: population based cohort study – The BMJ (free)
High intakes of red and processed meat are associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality and death due to nine different causes.
Weight management programmes of extended duration
5 May, 2017 | 20:22h | UTCRandomized controlled trial: Extended and standard duration weight-loss programme referrals for adults in primary care (WRAP): a randomised controlled trial – The Lancet (free)
Invited commentary: Weight management programmes of extended duration – The Lancet (free)
Commentary: Give overweight patients a year of weight-loss classes, say researchers – The Guardian (free)
In this trial with 1,267 overweight or obese participants an extended weight loss program (1 year) was more effective for weight loss and seems cost-effective in the longer term.
Alternate-day fasting does not seem to lead to greater weight loss
3 May, 2017 | 17:26h | UTCCommentaries: Fasting Studies Clash With Our Desire To Eat What We Want, When We Want It – NPR Health News (free) AND Fasting Every Other Day Does Not Lead to Greater Weight Loss – Physician’s First Watch (free) AND Same Weight Loss With Alternate-Day Fasting vs Cutting Calories – Medscape (free registration required) AND Alternate-Day Fasting Doesn’t Lead to Speedier Weight Loss – MedPage Today (free registration required)
Randomized trial with 100 patients showed no difference in weight loss between alternate-day fasting versus calorie restriction.
Sugar- and Artificially Sweetened Beverages and the Risks of Incident Stroke and Dementia
24 Apr, 2017 | 15:33h | UTCProspective cohort study: Sugar- and Artificially Sweetened Beverages and the Risks of Incident Stroke and Dementia – Stroke (free PDF)
Editorial: Sugar-Sweetened and Artificially Sweetened Beverages in Relation to Stroke and Dementia: Are Soft Drinks Hard on the Brain? – Stroke(free PDF)
Commentaries on the study: Diet soda and stroke & dementia news coverage: 3 key points weren’t always reported – HealthNewsReview (free – See Tweet) AND Stroke and dementia risk linked to artificial sweeteners, study suggests – The Guardian (free) AND A diet soda a day might affect dementia risk, study suggests – American Heart Association News (free)
This study has drawn a lot of attention from the media, but no firm conclusions can be made due to the observational nature of the study.
Effect of Weight Reduction on Hemoglobin A1c
24 Apr, 2017 | 15:27h | UTCSystematic review: Effect of Weight Reduction on Hemoglobin A1c in weight loss trials of Type 2 Diabetes Patients – Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
“Each 1kg reduction in weight loss trials associated with 0.1% reduction in HbA1c” (RT @kamleshkhunti see Tweet)
Beverage consumption taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages
20 Apr, 2017 | 14:22h | UTCSources: First US sugar tax sees soft drink sales fall by almost 10%, study shows – The Guardian (free) (RT @kamleshkhunti see Tweet) AND Sugary Drink Sales Fizzled After Soda Tax – MedPage Today (free registration required)
Related articles and commentaries on the possible benefits of sugar taxes: W.H.O. Urges Tax on Sugary Drinks to Fight Obesity – The New York Times (10 articles per month are free) Fiscal policies for diet and the prevention of noncommunicable diseases – World Health Organization(free) AND Mexico’s sugar tax leads to fall in consumption for second year running – The Guardian (free) AND Why the government should tax unhealthy foods and subsidise nutritious ones – The Conversation (free)
Banning trans fats in New York prevented thousands of heart attacks
13 Apr, 2017 | 16:08h | UTCHospital Admissions for Myocardial Infarction and Stroke Before and After the Trans-Fatty Acid Restrictions in New York – JAMA Cardiology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Sources: Banning trans fats in New York prevented thousands of heart attacks, study finds – STAT News (free) AND Trans Fat Bans Tied to Fewer Heart Attacks and Strokes – The New York Times (10 articles per month are free)
Other localities might consider doing the same as well.
Multivitamins are probably a waste of money
12 Apr, 2017 | 15:50h | UTCVitamins and the Failure of Free-Market Health – The Atlantic (free)
“The booming dietary-supplement industry is plagued by outlandish claims, undermining credible science, and seeding confusion”.
Effect of Baseline Nutritional Status on Long-term Multivitamin Use and Cardiovascular Disease Risk – JAMA Cardiology (link to abstract – $ required for full-text)
See also: Multivitamins may not improve heart health in men – UPI (free) AND Other recent commentary on multivitamins: Multivitamins a waste of money and just create ‘very expensive urine’ – The Guardian (free)
“Multivitamin use does not prevent major CV disease events in men, regardless of baseline nutritional status” (RT @CaulfieldTim)
ESPEN guideline: Clinical nutrition in surgery
27 Mar, 2017 | 00:54h | UTCESPEN guideline: Clinical nutrition in surgery – Clinical Nutrition (free)
Source: Critical Care Reviews Newsletter
Prenatal nutrition, socioenvironmental conditions, and child development
27 Mar, 2017 | 00:43h | UTCRelated commentary: Prenatal nutrition, socioenvironmental conditions, and child development (free)
“Maternal MMN had long-term benefits for child cognitive development at 9–12 years of age, thereby supporting its role in early childhood development, and policy change toward MMN”. The related commentary above does not seem to agree with this statement from the authors, stating that the new evidence does not provide enough weight for a policy change from prenatal iron and folate to MMN supplementation.
Alcohol and cardiovascular disease
27 Mar, 2017 | 00:46h | UTCEditorial: Alcohol and cardiovascular disease (free)
See also: Alcohol and the Heart: Moderation Still Best – Generally higher risks seen with no or heavy drinking – MedPage Today (free registration required)
Dairy consumption and risk of hypertension
23 Mar, 2017 | 16:56h | UTCContradicting evidence from previous observational studies, dairy consumption was not associated with lower blood pressure.