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Outpatient Nutrition Care

Systematic Review: Insufficient evidence to recommend Omega‐3 fatty acids for depression in adults.

26 Nov, 2021 | 09:54h | UTC

Omega‐3 fatty acids for depression in adults – Cochrane Library

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Diets for weight management in adults with type 2 diabetes: an umbrella review of published meta-analyses and systematic review of trials of diets for diabetes remission – “Published meta-analyses of hypocaloric diets for weight management in people with type 2 diabetes do not support any particular macronutrient profile or style over others”.

25 Nov, 2021 | 10:19h | UTC

Diets for weight management in adults with type 2 diabetes: an umbrella review of published meta-analyses and systematic review of trials of diets for diabetes remission – Diabetologia

News Release: Analysis shows low energy diets with formula meal replacements are the most effective methods for weight management and remission in adults with type 2 diabetes – Diabetologia

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

RCT: A brief 5:2 diet advice resulted in similar weight loss at one year vs. a standard multicomponent weight-management advice (-2.6kg vs. -1.9kg, p = 0.37).

24 Nov, 2021 | 08:29h | UTC

A randomised controlled trial of the 5:2 diet – PLOS One

News Release: Brief 5:2 diet advice is as effective as traditional GP advice, but people like it better, according to new study – Queen Mary University of London

Commentary: Fasting 2 days a week can help obese people keep off the weight with modest results, study finds – CNN

 

AAP Clinical Report: Promoting Human Milk and Breastfeeding for the Very Low Birth Weight Infant.

19 Nov, 2021 | 10:35h | UTC

Promoting Human Milk and Breastfeeding for the Very Low Birth Weight Infant – Pediatrics

 

RCT: Adjustable intragastric balloon resulted in significant weight loss at 32 weeks, but intolerance caused early removal of the device in 17% of patients, and device-related serious adverse events were observed in 4% of patients.

17 Nov, 2021 | 08:26h | UTC

Adjustable intragastric balloon for treatment of obesity: a multicentre, open-label, randomised clinical trial – The Lancet (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Long-term follow up of randomized trials found that children who were given nutrient or supplement enriched formula milk as babies didn’t have higher academic performances as adolescents.

17 Nov, 2021 | 08:14h | UTC

News release: Study finds no benefit of enriched formula milks on later academic performance – British Medical Journal

Original Study: Effect of nutritionally modified infant formula on academic performance: linkage of seven dormant randomised controlled trials to national education data – The BMJ

Editorial: Enriched formula milks and academic performance in later childhood – The BMJ

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

#AHA21 – Among patients with intermittent atrial fibrillation, n-of-1 trials with 466 patients found alcohol, but not caffeine, increased the risk of atrial fibrillation events.

16 Nov, 2021 | 08:29h | UTC

Individualized Studies of Triggers of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: The I-STOP-AFib Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Cardiology (free for a limited period)

Commentary: Avoiding AF Triggers Doesn’t Improve Quality of Life: I-STOP-AFib – TCTMD

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

#AHA21 – Pooled data from six prospective cohorts found higher sodium and lower potassium intakes were associated in a dose–response manner with a higher cardiovascular risk.

14 Nov, 2021 | 19:58h | UTC

24-Hour Urinary Sodium and Potassium Excretion and Cardiovascular Risk – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: Less sodium and more potassium could be key in lowering risk of cardiovascular disease – The Harvard Gazette

Related study: Cohort Study: Joint Association of Urinary Sodium and Potassium Excretion with Cardiovascular Events and Mortality

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Among patients with cancer who received decompressive G-tubes for nutrition or malignant bowel obstruction, nearly half presented with stage IV disease and died within one month of placement.

12 Nov, 2021 | 09:55h | UTC

Gastrostomy Tube for Nutrition and Malignant Bowel Obstruction in Patients with Cancer – Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network

Commentary: Risks and Benefits Associated With Gastrostomy Tubes for Patients With Cancer – The ASCO Post

 

M-A: Low vitamin D levels do not aggravate COVID-19 risk or death, and vitamin D supplementation does not improve outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

11 Nov, 2021 | 08:53h | UTC

Low vitamin D levels do not aggravate COVID-19 risk or death, and vitamin D supplementation does not improve outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis and GRADE assessment of cohort studies and RCTs – Nutritional Journal

 

Consensus Statement: Advancing the global public health agenda for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

11 Nov, 2021 | 08:48h | UTC

Advancing the global public health agenda for NAFLD: a consensus statement – Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Related:

Clinical Care Pathway for the Risk Stratification and Management of Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A patient guideline.

State of the art review: Management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

M-A: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease linked to increased risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events.

M-A: non-invasive tests for advanced fibrosis can reduce the need for biopsy in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Review: Dietary carbohydrates and fats in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

M-A: Zinc might help to stave off respiratory infection symptoms and cut illness duration – “But quality of evidence variable, and no clarity on optimal formulation or dose”.

4 Nov, 2021 | 09:53h | UTC

News Release: Zinc might help to stave off respiratory infection symptoms and cut illness duration – BMJ

Original Study: Zinc for the prevention or treatment of acute viral respiratory tract infections in adults: a rapid systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials – BMJ Open

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Review: Lower carbohydrate diets for adults with type 2 diabetes.

4 Nov, 2021 | 09:55h | UTC

Lower carbohydrate diets for adults with type 2 diabetes – British Journal of Nutrition

Related:

Meta-analysis of randomized trials: patients adhering to a low carbohydrate diet for six months may experience remission of diabetes without adverse consequences

Low carbohydrate diet: Insights from a general practice service in patients with type 2 diabetes

Position Statement on Low-Carbohydrate Diets for Adults with Diabetes

Low Carbohydrate Diets for Diabetes: A Review of the Clinical Effectiveness and Guidelines

Systematic Review: Low‐carbohydrate Diets for Type 2 Diabetes Management

Practical Guide: Adapting Diabetes Medication for Low Carbohydrate Management of Type 2 Diabetes

Observational Study: Management of Type 1 Diabetes With a Very Low–Carbohydrate Diet

Study: Dietary Carbohydrate Restriction Improves Metabolic Syndrome Independent of Weight Loss

Research: Carbohydrate-last meal pattern lowers postprandial glucose and insulin excursions in type 2 diabetes

 

AHA Scientific Statement: 2021 Dietary Guidance to Improve Cardiovascular Health.

3 Nov, 2021 | 10:00h | UTC

2021 Dietary Guidance to Improve Cardiovascular Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association – Circulation

News release: New look at nutrition research identifies 10 features of a heart-healthy eating pattern – American Heart Association

Top Things to Know: 2021 Dietary Guidance to Improve Cardiovascular Health – American Heart Association

Commentaries:

‘Balance’ is the key word in new dietary guidance for heart health – American Heart Association

The new American Heart Association dietary guidance to improve population-level cardiometabolic health: moving toward a heart-healthy food environment – American Heart Association

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Systematic Review: Avoidance of bottles during the establishment of breastfeeds in preterm infants – “Avoiding the use of bottles when preterm infants need supplementary feeds probably increases the extent of any breastfeeding at discharge”.

28 Oct, 2021 | 09:56h | UTC

Avoidance of bottles during the establishment of breastfeeds in preterm infants – Cochrane Library

Summary: Avoidance of bottles during the establishment of breastfeeds in preterm infants – Cochrane Library

 

Association of a sweetened beverage tax with reduction in soda consumption in high school students.

26 Oct, 2021 | 01:30h | UTC

Association of a Sweetened Beverage Tax With Soda Consumption in High School Students – JAMA Pediatrics (free for a limited period)

Commentary: Philadelphia’s ‘soda tax’ cut the number of sugar-sweetened beverages high school students drank per week by 30%, study finds – News Break

Related:

Changes in food purchases after the Chilean policies on food labelling, marketing, and sales in schools: a before and after study.

UK National Food Strategy: Tax sugar and salt and prescribe veg, report says.

Perspective – Sugar-sweetened beverage taxes: Lessons to date and the future of taxation

Cohort Study: Association Between Tax on Sugar Sweetened Beverages and Soft Drink Consumption

Meta-Analysis: Impact of Sugar‐sweetened Beverage Taxes on Purchases and Dietary Intake

Cochrane Review: Environmental Interventions to Reduce the Consumption of Sugar‐sweetened Beverages and Their Effects on Health

Study: Snack Tax May be More Effective than a Sugary Drink Tax to Tackle Obesity

Sugar Tax: Why Health Experts Want it But Politicians and Industry are Resisting

The Effect of Food Price Changes on Consumer Purchases: A Randomized Experiment

Taxes on Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Associated with Reduced Consumption

Soda Tax Linked to a 50 Percent Reduction in Sugary Drink Consumption

AAP/AHA Policy Statement: Public Policies to Reduce Sugary Drink Consumption in Children and Adolescents

Fiscal policies for diet and the prevention of noncommunicable diseases – World Health Organization

The Lancet taskforce on NCDs and economics

To improve global health, tax the things that are killing us – Financial Times

Reducing cardiovascular disease burden through targeted dietary policies

Fiscal policies for the prevention of diseases

The potential impact of food taxes and subsidies on cardiovascular disease and diabetes burden and disparities

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Cluster RCT: Increasing the dietary sources of calcium and protein (by providing additional milk, yogurt, and cheese) reduced hip fractures and falls in older adults in residential care.

22 Oct, 2021 | 10:21h | UTC

Effect of dietary sources of calcium and protein on hip fractures and falls in older adults in residential care: cluster randomised controlled trial – The BMJ

News release: Increasing dairy intake reduces falls and fractures among older care home residents – British Medical Journal

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

FDA issues food industry guidance for reduction of sodium in processed and packaged foods.

15 Oct, 2021 | 02:29h | UTC

News Release: To Improve Nutrition and Reduce the Burden of Disease, FDA Issues Food Industry Guidance for Voluntarily Reducing Sodium in Processed and Packaged Foods – U.S. Food & Drug Administration

Guidance for Industry: Voluntary Sodium Reduction Goals – U.S. Food & Drug Administration

Commentaries:

FDA Issues New Guidance on Sodium Targets for Food Industry – TCTMD

Reducing Sodium Intake in the US: Healthier Lives, Healthier Future – JAMA

FDA Reduces Recommended Salt Levels in Americans’ Food – HealthDay

FDA guidance to food industry aims to reduce sodium consumption – American Heart Association

New FDA guidance aims to drastically cut salt in food supply – NBC News

 

Systematic Review: “Formula milk trials have a high risk of bias, almost always report favorable conclusions, lack transparency, and selectively report findings”.

15 Oct, 2021 | 02:25h | UTC

News release: Formula milk trials are not reliable, warn researchers – Imperial College London

Original study: Conduct and reporting of formula milk trials: systematic review – The BMJ

 

Former CDC director: Low sodium salt could save millions of lives.

15 Oct, 2021 | 02:27h | UTC

Former CDC director: Low sodium salt could save millions of lives – CNN

Related:

Is salt good for you after all? The evidence says no.

#ESCCongress – Cluster RCT: Among patients at increased risk for stroke, salt substitution (75% sodium chloride and 25% potassium chloride by mass) reduced the rates of stroke, major cardiovascular events, and death from any cause.

Systematic Review: Altered dietary salt intake for people with chronic kidney disease.

New WHO benchmarks help countries reduce salt intake and save lives.

RCT: Reduced-sodium added-potassium salt substitute reduces blood pressure in hypertensive patients

Potassium Enriched Salt Substitution Could Prevent a Large Number of Cardiovascular Deaths

Meta-Analysis: Effect of Reduction in Dietary Sodium on Blood Pressure Levels

Cluster Randomized Trial: Effect of Salt Substitution on Community-wide Blood Pressure and Hypertension Incidence

 

Meta-analysis of cohort studies: High intake of fatty acid in nuts, seeds and plant oils linked to lower risk of death.

15 Oct, 2021 | 02:22h | UTC

News release: High intake of fatty acid in nuts, seeds and plant oils linked to lower risk of death – The BMJ

Original study: Dietary intake and biomarkers of alpha linolenic acid and risk of all cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies – The BMJ

Commentaries:

Current evidence on dietary intakes of fatty acids and mortality – The BMJ

Expert reaction to systematic review and meta-analysis on consumption of dietary fatty acids (alpha linolenic acid) and risk of death – Science Media Centre

Related: Total dietary fat intake, fat quality, and health outcomes: A scoping review of systematic reviews of prospective studies.

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Podcast with Dr Walter Willett: CardioNutrition – Why are findings from prospective, epidemiologic cohort studies important in informing dietary recommendations?

14 Oct, 2021 | 09:49h | UTC

ACC CardiaCast: CardioNutrition – Why Are Findings From Prospective, Epidemiologic Cohort Studies Important In Informing Dietary Recommendations? – American College of Cardiology

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

RCT: FODMAPs, but not gluten, elicit modest symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome.

13 Oct, 2021 | 01:25h | UTC

FODMAPs, but not gluten, elicit modest symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized three-way crossover trial – American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

M-A: Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation is associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation.

13 Oct, 2021 | 01:27h | UTC

Effect of Long-Term Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation on the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in Randomized Controlled Trials of Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis – Circulation (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Related:

M-A: Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation increases the risk of atrial fibrillation in patients with lipid disorders.

More data suggests no cardiovascular benefit from Omega-3 supplementation – secondary analysis of STRENGHT trial did not show an association between achieved Omega-3 fatty acid levels and major adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with high cardiovascular risk.

RCT: Omega-3 supplements do not reduce cardiovascular events in elderly patients after myocardial infarction

#AHA20 – Randomized trial: High-dose Omega-3 fatty acids did not reduce the risk of cardiac events in patients at high cardiovascular risk

Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials: Little Benefit from Omega-3 Intake to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Review: Optimal diet for cardiovascular and planetary health.

13 Oct, 2021 | 01:22h | UTC

Optimal diet for cardiovascular and planetary health – Heart

 

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