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Study suggests no heightened death risk in young people with mRNA vaccines, but ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine linked to female cardiac deaths

30 Mar, 2023 | 14:28h | UTC

Risk of death following COVID-19 vaccination or positive SARS-CoV-2 test in young people in England – Nature Communications

Commentary: Expert reaction to ONS data on risk of death following COVID-19 vaccination or positive SARS-CoV-2 test in young people, England: 8 December 2020 to 25 May 2022 – Science Media Centre

 

Commentary from the author on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

Opinion | ChatGPT will change Medicine

30 Mar, 2023 | 14:22h | UTC

Chat GPT will change Medicine – Vinay Prasad’s Observations and Thoughts

Related:

The use of ChatGPT and other large language models in surgical science – BJS Open

ChatGPT vs. NCI: analyzing the quality of cancer information on myths and misconceptions

ChatGPT has many uses. Experts explore what this means for healthcare and medical research – The Conversation

Artificial Intelligence in Medicine & ChatGPT: De-Tether the Physician – Journal of Medical Systems (if the link is paywalled, try this one)

Can artificial intelligence help for scientific writing? – Critical Care

Artificial intelligence in academic writing: a paradigm-shifting technological advance

Performance of ChatGPT on USMLE: potential for AI-assisted medical education using large language models

Perspective | ChatGPT-assisted diagnosis: is the future suddenly here?

Perspective | Generating scholarly content with ChatGPT: ethical challenges for medical publishing

ChatGPT: Will It Transform the World of Health Care? – UCSF Department of Medicine

ChatGPT and the future of medical writing (ChatGPT itself wrote this paper)

ChatGPT: five priorities for research – Nature

The path forward for ChatGPT in academia – Lumo’s Newsletter

Nonhuman “Authors” and Implications for the Integrity of Scientific Publication and Medical Knowledge – JAMA

ChatGPT is fun, but not an author – Science

Tools such as ChatGPT threaten transparent science; here are our ground rules for their use – Nature

ChatGPT listed as author on research papers: many scientists disapprove – Nature

Abstracts written by ChatGPT fool scientists

 

M-A | Test characteristics of ultrasound for the diagnosis of peritonsillar abscess

30 Mar, 2023 | 14:19h | UTC

Test characteristics of ultrasound for the diagnosis of peritonsillar abscess: A systematic review and meta-analysis – Academic Emergency Medicine

 

Review | Evaluation and management of hypernatremia in adults

30 Mar, 2023 | 14:20h | UTC

Evaluation and management of hypernatremia in adults: clinical perspectives – The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine

 

Improving cascade outcomes for active TB | A global systematic review and meta-analysis of TB interventions

30 Mar, 2023 | 14:17h | UTC

Improving cascade outcomes for active TB: A global systematic review and meta-analysis of TB interventions – PLOS Medicine

 

2ry analysis of a RCT | Vitamin D supplementation does not affect cognitive function in older adults

30 Mar, 2023 | 14:14h | UTC

Vitamin D supplementation and cognition—Results from analyses of the D-Health trial – Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Original Study: RCT: Oral Vitamin D supplementation (60.000 IU per month) did not reduce mortality in patients 60 years or older (unscreened individuals in Australia, many without insufficiency, average 30ng/mL). Exploratory analyses pointed towards an increased risk of death from cancer.

Related:

Randomized Trial: Vitamin D Supplements and Prevention of Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease

Meta-Analysis: Vitamin D Not Effective for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention

Association between vitamin D supplementation and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis – The BMJ

USPSTF Draft Statement: Insufficient evidence to recommend multivitamin supplements for the prevention of CVD or cancer. The statement also recommends against the use of beta-carotene (increases risk of CVD mortality and lung cancer) or vitamin E (clear evidence of no benefit)

Vitamin D, calcium, other vitamins, and supplements do not prevent cardiovascular diseases

Research: Circulating vitamin D concentration and risk of seven cancers

Research: Vitamin D and risk of total and site specific cancers

 

RCT | Ganitumab added to chemotherapy did not improve outcomes in patients with metastatic Ewing sarcoma

30 Mar, 2023 | 14:16h | UTC

Randomized Phase III Trial of Ganitumab With Interval-Compressed Chemotherapy for Patients With Newly Diagnosed Metastatic Ewing Sarcoma: A Report From the Children’s Oncology Group – Journal of Clinical Oncology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: Ganitumab Provides No Benefit in Metastatic Ewing Sarcoma – Cancer Therapy Advisor

 

Prematurity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: what general pediatricians should know

30 Mar, 2023 | 14:12h | UTC

Prematurity and BPD: what general pediatricians should know – European Journal of Pediatrics

 

RCT | Hydroxychloroquine in children with proliferative lupus nephritis

30 Mar, 2023 | 14:11h | UTC

Hydroxychloroquine in children with proliferative lupus nephritis: a randomized clinical trial – European Journal of Pediatrics

 

Phase 2 RCT | Safety and efficacy of once-weekly basal insulin Fc in people with type 2 diabetes

30 Mar, 2023 | 14:08h | UTC

Safety and efficacy of once-weekly basal insulin Fc in people with type 2 diabetes previously treated with basal insulin: a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 2 study – The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

Update on the management of acute pancreatitis

30 Mar, 2023 | 14:10h | UTC

Update on the management of acute pancreatitis – Current Opinion in Critical Care

Related:

Intravenous fluid therapy in patients with severe acute pancreatitis admitted to the intensive care unit: a narrative review – Intensive Care Medicine

Aggressive or Moderate Fluid Resuscitation in Acute Pancreatitis – New England Journal of Medicine

Acute Pancreatitis: Diagnosis and Treatment – Drugs

Revised Clinical Practice Guidelines of the Korean Pancreatobiliary Association for Acute Pancreatitis – Gut and Liver

Guidelines for the management of patients with severe acute pancreatitis, 2021 – Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain Medicine

Evidence-Based Disposition of Acute Pancreatitis – emDocs

2019 WSES guidelines for the management of severe acute pancreatitis – World Journal of Emergency Surgery

American Gastroenterological Association Institute Guideline on Initial Management of Acute Pancreatitis

Pancreatitis – National Institute for Health and Care Excellence

The optimal timing and intervention to reduce mortality for necrotizing pancreatitis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis – World Journal of Emergency Surgery

Long-term follow-up of a RCT | Endoscopic versus surgical step-up approach for infected necrotizing pancreatitis.

RCT: Immediate drainage did not improve outcomes compared to postponed intervention in patients with infected necrotizing pancreatitis.

An Endoscopic Transluminal Approach, Compared With Minimally Invasive Surgery, Reduces Complications and Costs for Patients With Necrotizing Pancreatitis – Gastroenterology

Research: Endoscopic or Surgical Step-up Approach for Infected Necrotising Pancreatitis

Evidence-Based Approach to the Surgical Management of Acute Pancreatitis – The Surgery Journal

 

RCT | Efficacy and safety of colesevelam for the treatment of bile acid diarrhea

30 Mar, 2023 | 14:06h | UTC

Efficacy and safety of colesevelam for the treatment of bile acid diarrhoea: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 4 clinical trial – The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Review | Multi-modality cardiac imaging evaluation of infective endocarditis

30 Mar, 2023 | 14:05h | UTC

Contemporary Review of Multi-Modality Cardiac Imaging Evaluation of Infective Endocarditis – Life

 

SR | Consequences of Shigella infection in young children

30 Mar, 2023 | 13:52h | UTC

Consequences of Shigella infection in young children: a systematic review – International Journal of Infectious Diseases

 

Brief Review | Acute mesenteric ischemia

30 Mar, 2023 | 13:44h | UTC

Acute mesenteric ischaemia – British Journal of Surgery

 

Long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy: will it change the future of HIV treatment?

30 Mar, 2023 | 13:49h | UTC

Long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy: will it change the future of HIV treatment? – Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease

 

Review | Insomnia diagnosis and treatment across the lifespan

30 Mar, 2023 | 13:36h | UTC

Insomnia diagnosis and treatment across the lifespan – Journal of Family Practice

 

SR | Extracutaneous features and complications of the Ehlers-Danlos syndromes

30 Mar, 2023 | 13:41h | UTC

Extracutaneous features and complications of the Ehlers-Danlos syndromes: A systematic review – Frontiers in Medicine

 

Ketamine misuse: an update for primary care

30 Mar, 2023 | 13:34h | UTC

Ketamine misuse: an update for primary care – British Journal of General Practice

 

Review | How to integrate shared decision-making into your practice

30 Mar, 2023 | 13:35h | UTC

How to integrate shared decision-making into your practice – Journal of Family Practice

 

M-A | Incidence of multiple organ failure in adult polytrauma patients

30 Mar, 2023 | 13:30h | UTC

Incidence of Multiple Organ Failure in Adult Polytrauma Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis – Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery

 

Ear wax management in primary care: what the busy GP needs to know

30 Mar, 2023 | 13:33h | UTC

Ear wax management in primary care: what the busy GP needs to know – British Journal of General Practice

 

Study shows a slight breast cancer risk increase with progestogen-only birth control, comparable to combined oral methods

29 Mar, 2023 | 13:35h | UTC

Summary: A UK study and meta-analysis examined breast cancer risk linked to hormonal contraceptives, emphasizing progestagen-only contraceptives in premenopausal women. Utilizing a nested case-control design with the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD), a primary care database, the study included 9,498 women under 50 diagnosed with invasive breast cancer between 1996 and 2017, and 18,171 closely matched controls. The meta-analysis merged CPRD findings with 12 observational studies on progestagen-only preparations.

The results revealed that current or recent use of combined oral contraceptives, oral progestagen-only contraceptives, injectable progestagen, and progestagen intrauterine devices all led to a similar increase in breast cancer risk. The 15-year absolute excess risk associated with five years of oral combined or progestagen-only contraceptive use ranged from 8 per 100,000 users aged 16-20 to 265 per 100,000 users aged 35-39. The study concluded that both contraceptive types were linked to a slight breast cancer risk increase, and these risks must be weighed against the benefits of contraceptive use during childbearing years.

Article: Combined and progestagen-only hormonal contraceptives and breast cancer risk: A UK nested case–control study and meta-analysis – PLOS Medicine

News Release: Study finds similar association of progestogen-only and combined hormonal contraceptives with breast cancer risk – PLOS

Commentary: Expert reaction to study looking at the association between hormonal contraceptive use and breast cancer incidence – Science Media Centre

 

M-A | Limited evidence for analgesic effectiveness in acute low back pain treatment

29 Mar, 2023 | 13:32h | UTC

Summary: The objective of this systematic review and network meta-analysis was to assess the effectiveness and safety of various analgesic medicines for treating acute non-specific low back pain. After examining 98 randomized controlled trials with over 15,000 participants, the study found that the quality of evidence for the effectiveness and safety of these medications is low or very low.

Some analgesic medicines showed potential in reducing pain intensity, but the evidence was limited due to trial risk of bias and imprecision in effect estimates. Furthermore, certain medications might increase the risk of adverse events during treatment, with evidence ranging from moderate to very low confidence.

Given the lack of high-quality evidence, clinicians and patients are advised to be cautious when using analgesic medicines for acute non-specific low back pain. More robust head-to-head comparison trials are needed to provide clearer guidance on the best course of treatment.

Article: Comparative effectiveness and safety of analgesic medicines for adults with acute non-specific low back pain: systematic review and network meta-analysis – The BMJ

News Release: Study finds “considerable uncertainty” around effectiveness and safety of analgesics for low back pain – BMJ Newsroom

 

Commentary from the author on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

Review | Cerebrovascular manifestations of SARS-CoV-2

29 Mar, 2023 | 13:29h | UTC

Cerebrovascular Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2: A Comprehensive Review – Current Treatment Options in Neurology

 

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