Pediatrics – Pulmonology | Page 5 of 7 | Links Medicus Content Curation & Alerts in Medicine

Test-negative, case-control study: effectiveness of the Pfizer vaccine against COVID-19 in adolescents.

24 Mar, 2022 | 09:44h | UTC

Effectiveness of BNT162b2 against COVID-19 in adolescents – The Lancet Infectious Diseases

Commentary on Twitter

Our paper on #COVID19 vaccine effectiveness in teenagers (12-17y) is published @TheLancetInfDis. Rapid waning of protection against symptomatic disease, esp with omicron. Vaccines did reduce delta hospitalisations but too early to assess omicron effects

?https://t.co/1kkz7Ge9zf

— Shamez Ladhani (@ShamezLadhani) March 23, 2022

Higher cigarette taxes could reduce child deaths, first global estimates suggest.

24 Mar, 2022 | 08:25h | UTC

News Release: Higher cigarette taxes reduce child deaths, first global estimates suggest – Imperial College London

Original Study: Cigarette taxation and neonatal and infant mortality: A longitudinal analysis of 159 countries – PLOS Global Public Health

New WHO guidelines on the management of tuberculosis in children and adolescents.

22 Mar, 2022 | 09:52h | UTC

WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis Module 5: Management of tuberculosis in children and adolescents – World Health Organization

Commentary: New Children’s TB Guidelines a ‘Game-Changer’ With Non-Invasive Tests, Shortened Treatments – Health Policy Watch

Retrospective Cohort: Asthma in children and adolescents is not associated with increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

15 Mar, 2022 | 08:55h | UTC

Asthma and the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Children and Adolescents – Pediatrics

Commentary: Kids with asthma not at higher risk of COVID-19, study finds – CIDRAP

We expected people with asthma to fare worse during COVID. Turns out they’ve had a break.

M-A: Asthma does not increase the risk of infection, hospitalization, ICU admission, and mortality from COVID-19

Systematic review: No evidence that patients with asthma are at increased risk of COVID-19 diagnosis, hospitalization or death

Asthma in COVID-19 hospitalizations: An overestimated risk factor?

Open Label RCT: Azithromycin for poorly controlled asthma in children.

15 Mar, 2022 | 08:39h | UTC

Azithromycin for Poorly Controlled Asthma in Children: A randomized controlled trial – CHEST (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: Adding azithromycin to standard care improves asthma control, exacerbations in children – Healio

RCT: In children with nonsevere, drug-susceptible tuberculosis, treatment for 4 months is noninferior to treatment for 6 months.

10 Mar, 2022 | 11:03h | UTC

Shorter Treatment for Nonsevere Tuberculosis in African and Indian Children – New England Journal of Medicine

News Release: Treatment length reduced for children with tuberculosis – University College London

Commentary on Twitter

Completing 6 months of treatment for tuberculosis in children is a challenge. In this open-label trial involving 1204 children in sub-Saharan Africa and India, 4 months of antituberculosis therapy was noninferior to 6 months of therapy. https://t.co/zkD4URWMru pic.twitter.com/LFR6ZzTKgs

— NEJM (@NEJM) March 9, 2022

Association of acute respiratory failure in early childhood with long-term neurocognitive outcomes.

9 Mar, 2022 | 08:41h | UTC

Association of Acute Respiratory Failure in Early Childhood With Long-term Neurocognitive Outcomes – JAMA (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentaries:

IQ Lower for Survivors of PICU Respiratory Failure Hospitalization – HealthDay

Investigating The Effects of Critical Illness in Early Childhood On Neurocognitive Outcomes – University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing

RCT: Azithromycin is not effective for the prevention of recurrent wheeze following severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis.

8 Mar, 2022 | 08:49h | UTC

Azithromycin to Prevent Recurrent Wheeze Following Severe Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis – NEJM Evidence

Commentaries:

Study finds azithromycin use during RSV not useful in preventing recurrent wheezing, may cause harm – Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Antibiotic doesn’t prevent future wheezing in babies hospitalized with RSV – Washington University in St. Louis

Commentary on Twitter

This RCT tested oral azithromycin vs placebo to reduce recurrent wheeze (RW) in 1-18-month-olds hospitalized with acute severe RSV bronchiolitis. Azithromycin did not reduce occurrence of RW and may increase risk of RW in some groups. #AAAAI22 #Asthma #EBM https://t.co/jYcBuiQ8aY pic.twitter.com/u65NbQaIlX

— NEJM Evidence (@NEJMEvidence) February 28, 2022

Systematic Review: Effect of asthma education on health outcomes in children.

25 Feb, 2022 | 11:09h | UTC

Effect of asthma education on health outcomes in children: a systematic review – Archives of Disease in Childhood

Study identifies risk factors for severe CoviD-19 in children.

15 Feb, 2022 | 10:01h | UTC

Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 in Children – Pediatrics

Cohort Study: Physical and mental health 3 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection (long COVID) among adolescents in England.

9 Feb, 2022 | 10:12h | UTC

Physical and mental health 3 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection (long COVID) among adolescents in England (CLoCk): a national matched cohort study – The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health

Editorial: Assessing the impact of the pandemic in children and adolescents: SARS-CoV-2 infection and beyond – The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health

Commentary: Long COVID and kids: more research is urgently needed – Nature

A nationwide cohort study in Denmark showed Long Covid in children is rare and mainly of short duration.

E ditorial | Long covid in children and adolescents – “Risk appears low, but many questions remain”.

M-A: Persistent symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection among children and young people – “Higher study quality was associated with lower prevalence of all symptoms, except loss of smell and cognitive symptoms”.

Review: Long COVID symptoms in children rarely persist beyond three months.

Cohort study: long term follow-up showed most patients with post–COVID-19 Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children had good outcomes with no significant medium- or long-term sequelae.

Do kids get long COVID? And how often? A pediatrician looks at the data – Children also get Long Covid, but much less often than adults.

Illness duration and symptom profile in symptomatic school-aged children tested for SARS-CoV-2 – “Only 25 (1.8%) of 1379 children experienced symptoms for at least 56 days.”

Long-term Symptoms After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Adolescents – “This study found a low prevalence of symptoms compatible with long COVID in a randomly selected cohort of children assessed 6 months after serologic testing”.

Study shows low incidence of post-acute COVID-19 symptoms (“Long Covid”) in children after mild disease

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

NEW RESEARCH: free! Two studies on adolescent #LongCovid. Both found high symptom burden in COVID positive and negative participants; very heterogenous symptom profile. Pandemic has had profound impact on all adolescents. https://t.co/YzU3ogXZrw pic.twitter.com/ina0DgPxBf

— The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health (@LancetChildAdol) February 8, 2022

ATS Guideline: Outpatient respiratory management of infants, children, and adolescents with post-prematurity respiratory disease.

21 Jan, 2022 | 09:55h | UTC

Outpatient Respiratory Management of Infants, Children, and Adolescents with Post-Prematurity Respiratory Disease: An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline – American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

News Release: Outpatient Management of Patients with Post-Prematurity Respiratory Disease: American Thoracic Society Publishes New Clinical Practice Guideline

RCT: In children with community-acquired pneumonia, outpatient antibiotic therapy for 5 days resulted in similar clinical response rates compared to a standard 10-day strategy.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:39h | UTC

Short- vs Standard-Course Outpatient Antibiotic Therapy for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children: The SCOUT-CAP Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Pediatrics (free for a limited period)

Commentaries:

Trial finds 5 days of antibiotics superior to 10 for kids with pneumonia – CIDRAP

Shorter antibiotics treatment is better for young children with outpatient pneumonia – Vanderbilt University Medical Center

ACP Guidance: Appropriate Use of Short-Course Antibiotics in Common Infections

RCT: 5 days of high-dose amoxicillin therapy noninferior to 10 days for the treatment of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia

RCT: Among children with community-acquired pneumonia discharged within 48 hours from the ED or hospital, lower-dose outpatient oral amoxicillin was noninferior to a higher dose, and a 3-day duration course was noninferior to 7 days.

Treatment of urinary tract infections in infants <2 Months: A Living Systematic Review – short and long duration of parenteral antibiotics were associated with a similar risk of UTI recurrence.

RCT: 7 days of antibiotic therapy as good as 14 days for afebrile men with urinary tract infection.

Randomized Trial: Seven vs. Fourteen Days of Antibiotic Therapy for Uncomplicated Gram-negative Bacteremia

Meta-Analysis: Efficacy of Short-Course Antibiotic Treatments for Community-Acquired Pneumonia

RCT: Among children between the ages of 6 and 11 years with uncontrolled moderate-to-severe asthma, add-on Dupilumab reduced exacerbations and improved lung function.

9 Dec, 2021 | 10:21h | UTC

Dupilumab in Children with Uncontrolled Moderate-to-Severe Asthma – New England Journal of Medicine

Commentary: International study supports dupilumab for treatment of moderate-to-severe asthma in children – Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Bronchiolitis: evidence and guidance for practice.

8 Dec, 2021 | 09:55h | UTC

Bronchiolitis: evidence and guidance for practice – Evidently Cochrane

AAP Clinical Report | Tuberculosis Infection in Children and Adolescents.

2 Dec, 2021 | 09:58h | UTC

Tuberculosis Infection in Children and Adolescents: Testing and Treatment – Pediatrics

AAP Clinical Report: Biologics for Asthma and Allergic Skin Diseases in Children.

19 Nov, 2021 | 10:34h | UTC

Biologics for Asthma and Allergic Skin Diseases in Children – Pediatrics

Deaths in children and young people in England after SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first pandemic year – “In total, 99.995% of children and young people with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test survived”.

12 Nov, 2021 | 10:39h | UTC

Deaths in children and young people in England after SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first pandemic year – Nature

[Preprint] Study confirms children’s extremely low risk of death from Covid-19 – “99·995% of children and young people with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test survived”.

Study: Children and young people remain at low risk of COVID-19 mortality

Commentaries on Twitter

Just published @NatureMedicine
An in-depth analysis of the 25 children who died from Covid in England during the 1st year of the pandemichttps://t.co/QK3gk1BXy5
Great that 99.995% of children w/ a positive test survived (not what is driving the need for ?in kids) pic.twitter.com/moXKl8ysmA

— Eric Topol (@EricTopol) November 11, 2021

A clinical review of all pediatric deaths in England from March 2020 to February 2021 attributes 25 deaths to SARS-CoV-2 infection and identifies risk factors to guide interventions, according to a @NatureMedicine article. https://t.co/Bpjhf5sgow pic.twitter.com/v24Zf9CsXK

— Nature Portfolio (@NaturePortfolio) November 11, 2021

M-A: Risk factors for poor prognosis in children and adolescents with COVID-19.

22 Oct, 2021 | 10:24h | UTC

Risk factors for poor prognosis in children and adolescents with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis – EClinicalMedicine

State of the Art Review: Diagnosis and management of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

21 Oct, 2021 | 09:56h | UTC

Diagnosis and management of bronchopulmonary dysplasia – The BMJ

Commentary on Twitter

This new clinical review evaluates the various clinical definitions, imaging modalities, and biomarker data that are helpful in making an early diagnosis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), as well as the evidence on the prevention and treatment of BPD https://t.co/ITqe8WMkNl

— The BMJ (@bmj_latest) October 20, 2021

RCT confirms antibiotics are not needed for most children with uncomplicated lower respiratory tract infection if pneumonia is not suspected clinically.

24 Sep, 2021 | 09:00h | UTC

Antibiotics for lower respiratory tract infection in children presenting in primary care in England (ARTIC PC): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial – The Lancet

Commentary on Twitter

#Antibiotic resistance is a global public health threat.

New trial indicates, unless pneumonia is suspected, clinicians should provide safety-netting advice but not prescribe antibiotics for most children presenting with chest infections. https://t.co/mOwLG5rZd1 #AMR pic.twitter.com/b0c7Z5flQk

— The Lancet (@TheLancet) September 23, 2021

AHA Scientific Statement: Sleep‐disordered breathing and cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents.

23 Sep, 2021 | 10:02h | UTC

Sleep‐Disordered Breathing and Cardiovascular Disease in Children and Adolescents: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association – Journal of the American Heart Association

News release: Obstructive sleep apnea is common in kids and may impact blood pressure, heart health – American Heart Association

Covid: Single jab recommended for 12 to 15-year-olds by UK’s top doctors.

14 Sep, 2021 | 10:05h | UTC

Covid: Single jab recommended for 12 to 15-year-olds by UK’s top doctors – BBC

The Delta Covid variant and children: transmission in kids is low and only 2% hospitalized, report finds.

12 Sep, 2021 | 21:56h | UTC

The Delta Covid variant and children: transmission in kids is low and only 2% hospitalised, report finds – The Guardian

Report: COVID-19 Delta variant in schools and early childhood education and care services in NSW, Australia: 16 June to 31 July 2021 – NCIRS

News release: COVID-19 Delta variant in schools and early childhood education and care services in NSW, Australia: 16 June to 31 July 2021

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

Amazing education settings outbreak data from the Delta #COVID19 outbreak in NSW ??

Primary/Secondary schools mostly closed, so limited info to draw on (Attack rate v low, <2%)

BUT early years settings fully open with no masks!

What happened? ?https://t.co/mG05e5Mp3T

1/

— Alasdair Munro (@apsmunro) September 8, 2021