Radiation Oncology
RCT | Patient-reported outcomes 12 years after different treatments for localized prostate cancer
15 Mar, 2023 | 15:24h | UTCSummary: The article reports on a study that evaluated patient-reported outcomes of 1,643 participants in the ProtecT trial over a period of 7 to 12 years to assess the long-term functional and quality-of-life impacts of prostatectomy, radiotherapy with neoadjuvant androgen deprivation, and active monitoring for localized prostate cancer detected by PSA screening.
The study found that generic quality-of-life scores were similar among the randomized groups over 7 to 12 years. However, although the prostatectomy group had a lower incidence of nocturia, they showed a higher incidence of urinary incontinence and sexual dysfunction compared to the radiotherapy and active monitoring groups. The radiotherapy group had a higher incidence of fecal leakage compared to the other groups.
The study provides evidence that helps patients and their clinicians assess the trade-offs between treatment harms and benefits and make better-informed treatment decisions.
Article: Patient-Reported Outcomes 12 Years after Localized Prostate Cancer Treatment – NEJM Evidence
Original Study: RCT | Localized prostate cancer treatment options have similar 15-year survival outcomes
Dose‐escalated radiotherapy for clinically localized and locally advanced prostate cancer
14 Mar, 2023 | 13:21h | UTC
RCT | Localized prostate cancer treatment options have similar 15-year survival outcomes
13 Mar, 2023 | 15:12h | UTCSummary: The study followed 1643 men diagnosed with localized prostate cancer (diagnosed by screening with PSA) in the United Kingdom between 1999 and 2009 who were randomly assigned to receive active monitoring, prostatectomy, or radiotherapy.
After a median follow-up of 15 years, the study found that while prostatectomy and radiotherapy decreased metastasis, local progression, and the need for long-term androgen deprivation therapy, death from prostate cancer was low regardless of the treatment assigned, with 17 deaths (3.1%) in the active-monitoring group, 12 deaths (2.2%) in the prostatectomy group, and 16 (2.9%) deaths in the radiotherapy group (P=0.53). Additionally, the study found that overall deaths were similar between the groups.
The authors suggest that the choice of therapy for localized prostate cancer involves weighing the benefits and harms associated with each treatment option.
Article: Fifteen-Year Outcomes after Monitoring, Surgery, or Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
News Release: Delaying treatment for localised prostate cancer does not increase mortality risk, trial shows – University of Bristol
Commentary on Twitter
Presented at #EAU23: In men with prostate cancer on PSA screening, radical treatments led to half the incidence of metastasis and local progression as active monitoring without affecting disease-specific or overall survival (ProtecT trial) https://t.co/G2ABkMkyJg #oncology pic.twitter.com/s2Va08Fpxj
— NEJM (@NEJM) March 11, 2023
RCT | Breast-conserving surgery without irradiation may be an option for older patients with early breast cancer
17 Feb, 2023 | 13:25h | UTCSummary: The article reports a phase 3 randomized trial that investigated the efficacy of omitting irradiation after breast-conserving surgery in women aged 65 years or older with hormone receptor-positive, node-negative, T1 or T2 primary breast cancer, and tumors ≤3 cm in the largest dimension, who received adjuvant endocrine therapy. A total of 1326 women were enrolled, with 658 receiving whole-breast irradiation and 668 receiving no irradiation. The results showed that the omission of radiotherapy led to an increased incidence of local breast cancer recurrence but had no negative effect on distant recurrence as the first event or overall survival. The study suggests that omission of radiotherapy could be a viable treatment option for older women with low-risk, hormone receptor–positive early breast cancer who receive adjuvant endocrine therapy.*
Article: Breast-Conserving Surgery with or without Irradiation in Early Breast Cancer – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentaries:
For many older breast cancer patients, study finds radiation doesn’t affect survival – STAT
Do Older Patients Need Radiation Rx After Breast Cancer Surgery? – HealthDay
*Note: This summary was created through the collaboration of a medical editor and ChatGPT.
Development and validation of a genomic profile for the omission of local adjuvant radiation in breast cancer
16 Feb, 2023 | 14:39h | UTC
Development of a machine learning model for sonographic assessment of gestational age
14 Feb, 2023 | 10:30h | UTCCommentary: AI Models Have Higher Accuracy for Estimating Gestational Age – HealthDay
RCT | Hyaluronic acid spacer for hypofractionated prostate radiation therapy
13 Feb, 2023 | 12:25h | UTC
Commentary on Twitter
Multicenter randomized clin trial in prostate cancer tested presence or absence of hyaluronic acid rectal spacer before receiving hypofractionated radiation, showed acute grade >2 GI toxicity in 2.9% of pts w/spacer vs. 13.8% in control group #PCSM #RadOnc https://t.co/eTifx0b1x2
— JAMA Oncology (@JAMAOnc) February 9, 2023
RCT | Effects of the interval between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery in rectal cancer
9 Feb, 2023 | 13:45h | UTC
Commentary on Twitter
Single centre #RCT of surgery for T3/4 N+ #rectalcancer before or after 8 weeks of CRT
🧑🤝🧑350 patients
⚖️no difference locoregional recurrence
Distant mets more common in delayed group at 5yrs
DFS and OS similar#some4surgery @SEIQuirurgica @asgbi https://t.co/4evsKNKKK1 pic.twitter.com/CxI0GJdG56— BJS Open (@BjsOpen) October 24, 2022
RCT | Medial retropharyngeal nodal region sparing radiotherapy vs. standard radiotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma
7 Feb, 2023 | 14:09h | UTC
SR | Partial breast irradiation for breast cancer
3 Feb, 2023 | 14:06h | UTCPartial Breast Irradiation for Breast Cancer – Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
Perspective | Endocrine treatment for 5 years or radiation for 5 days for patients with early breast cancer older than 65 years
26 Jan, 2023 | 12:04h | UTC
Commentary from the author on Twitter
🚨Hot off the press @JCO_ASCO: For decades we have been offering RT omission for early #bcsm patients, here we discuss how tides have changed and its time to omit hormonal therapy and treat with RT instead @TaghianAlphonse @MGHBreastOnc @LurieCancer
— George E. Naoum, MD, MMSCI (@George_E_Naoum) December 20, 2022
RCT | Effect of interval between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery on disease recurrence and survival in rectal cancer
20 Jan, 2023 | 14:19h | UTC
Commentary on Twitter
Single centre #RCT of surgery for T3/4 N+ #rectalcancer before or after 8 weeks of CRT
🧑🤝🧑350 patients
⚖️no difference locoregional recurrence
Distant mets more common in delayed group at 5yrs
DFS and OS similar#some4surgery @SEIQuirurgica @asgbi https://t.co/4evsKNKKK1 pic.twitter.com/CxI0GJdG56— BJS Open (@BjsOpen) October 24, 2022
SR | Interventions for preventing and ameliorating cognitive deficits in adults treated with cranial irradiation
19 Jan, 2023 | 14:09h | UTC
RCT | MRI–guided vs. CT–guided stereotactic body radiotherapy for prostate cancer
15 Jan, 2023 | 20:05h | UTC
Commentary from the author on Twitter (thread – click for more)
Pleased to share the primary endpoint results of the randomized phase III MIRAGE trial evaluating whether aggressive margin reduction with MRI-guidance leads to reduced toxicity in the context of prostate SBRT, out today in @JAMAOncology https://t.co/5ZKElUR4uk (1/n)
— Amar Kishan (@AmarUKishan) January 12, 2023
RCT | Cosmetic results and side effects of accelerated partial-breast irradiation vs. whole-breast irradiation for low-risk invasive carcinoma of the breast
15 Jan, 2023 | 19:53h | UTCCosmetic Results and Side Effects of Accelerated Partial-Breast Irradiation Versus Whole-Breast Irradiation for Low-Risk Invasive Carcinoma of the Breast: The Randomized Phase III IRMA Trial – Journal of Clinical Oncology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary from the author on Twitter
5yr results of the phase 3 #IRMAtrial: EBRT #APBI b.i.d. associated with slightly increased rate of moderate soft tissue and bone toxicity and a slightly inferior cosmesis, though overall toxicity was in an acceptable range @JCO_ASCO #BCSM @OncoAlert https://t.co/8LHE2ut3t2
— Bruno Meduri (@brunomeduri) January 9, 2023
RCT | High-dose once-daily thoracic radiotherapy in limited-stage small-cell lung cancer
15 Jan, 2023 | 19:51h | UTCHigh-Dose Once-Daily Thoracic Radiotherapy in Limited-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer: CALGB 30610 (Alliance)/RTOG 0538 – Journal of Clinical Oncology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
NCCN Guideline | Pediatric central nervous system cancers
12 Jan, 2023 | 13:11h | UTCEditorial: ASCO Living Guidelines: The Next Frontier
Cohort Study | 5-year outcomes after stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy for primary renal cell carcinoma
11 Jan, 2023 | 14:10h | UTC5-year outcomes after stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy for primary renal cell carcinoma: an individual patient data meta-analysis from IROCK (the International Radiosurgery Consortium of the Kidney) – The Lancet Oncology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary from the author on Twitter (thread – click for more)
🧵1/ Wide adoption of SABR for primary #kidneycancer is limited by long-term data. Online today @TheLancetOncol; 5-yr outcomes in 190 patients. 5% local failure rates, 95% cancer-specific survival. Thanks @ElsevierConnect for 50-day link: #radonc #kcsm https://t.co/kCM8TraJE3
— Shankar Siva (@_ShankarSiva) November 16, 2022
RCT | Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with CAPOX vs. chemoradiation for locally advanced rectal cancer with uninvolved mesorectal fascia
10 Jan, 2023 | 14:09h | UTC
Post-trial follow-up | Radiotherapy vs. surgery of the axilla after a positive sentinel node in breast cancer.
14 Dec, 2022 | 14:42h | UTCRadiotherapy or Surgery of the Axilla After a Positive Sentinel Node in Breast Cancer: 10-Year Results of the Randomized Controlled EORTC 10981-22023 AMAROS Trial – Journal of Clinical Oncology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary: ART Preferred Over ALND in Sentinel Node-Positive Early Breast Cancer – Cancer Therapy Advisor
RCT | Mepitel film for the prevention of acute radiation dermatitis in breast cancer.
12 Dec, 2022 | 12:40h | UTCMepitel Film for the Prevention of Acute Radiation Dermatitis in Breast Cancer: A Randomized Multicenter Open-Label Phase III Trial – Journal of Clinical Oncology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Quick Guide for Radiation Oncologists | Everything you always wanted to know about sarcopenia but were afraid to ask.
21 Nov, 2022 | 14:29h | UTC
RCT | Shortened course of radiation therapy safe and effective for men with high-risk prostate cancer.
11 Nov, 2022 | 13:55h | UTC[News release – not published yet] Shortened course of radiation therapy safe and effective for men with high-risk prostate cancer – American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) Annual Meeting
Single-arm P2 study | Hypofractionated, 3-week, preoperative radiotherapy for patients with soft tissue sarcomas.
9 Nov, 2022 | 12:24h | UTCHypofractionated, 3-week, preoperative radiotherapy for patients with soft tissue sarcomas (HYPORT-STS): a single-centre, open-label, single-arm, phase 2 trial – The Lancet Oncology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Phase 2 RCT | Concurrent Bevacizumab and reirradiation vs. Bevacizumab alone as treatment for recurrent glioblastoma.
9 Nov, 2022 | 12:21h | UTCNRG Oncology/RTOG1205: A Randomized Phase II Trial of Concurrent Bevacizumab and Reirradiation Versus Bevacizumab Alone as Treatment for Recurrent Glioblastoma – Journal of Clinical Oncology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary: Bevacizumab Plus Reirradiation Improves PFS in Glioblastoma Multiforme – OncLive