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Pediatrics – Infectious Diseases

The Delta Covid variant and children: transmission in kids is low and only 2% hospitalized, report finds.

12 Sep, 2021 | 21:56h | UTC

The Delta Covid variant and children: transmission in kids is low and only 2% hospitalised, report finds – The Guardian

Report: COVID-19 Delta variant in schools and early childhood education and care services in NSW, Australia: 16 June to 31 July 2021 – NCIRS

News release: COVID-19 Delta variant in schools and early childhood education and care services in NSW, Australia: 16 June to 31 July 2021

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

Chile authorizes Sinovac vaccine for kids of 6 and older.

7 Sep, 2021 | 21:45h | UTC

Chile authorizes Sinovac vaccine for kids of 6 and older – Associated Press

 

Kids and COVID: why young immune systems are still on top.

7 Sep, 2021 | 21:46h | UTC

Kids and COVID: why young immune systems are still on top – Nature

 

Study shows high effectiveness of the Pfizer mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in pregnancy.

7 Sep, 2021 | 21:48h | UTC

Effectiveness of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in pregnancy – Nature Medicine

 

Commentaries on Twitter

 

AAP flu recommendations allow for coadministration with COVID-19 vaccine.

7 Sep, 2021 | 21:44h | UTC

News release: AAP flu recommendations allow for coadministration with COVID-19 vaccine – American Academy of Pediatrics

Guidance: Recommendations for Prevention and Control of Influenza in Children, 2021–2022 – American Academy of Pediatrics

Technical report: Recommendations for Prevention and Control of Influenza in Children, 2021–2022 – American Academy of Pediatrics

Related: New CDC Guidance says influenza and Covid vaccines can be given together – “COVID-19 vaccines and other vaccines may now be administered without regard to timing”

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

CDC report: Hospitalization rates for Covid-19 were 10 times higher among unvaccinated than among fully vaccinated adolescents.

7 Sep, 2021 | 10:52h | UTC

Hospitalizations Associated with COVID-19 Among Children and Adolescents — COVID-NET, 14 States, March 1, 2020–August 14, 2021 – CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

Commentaries:

More kids hospitalized with Covid-19 in states with lower vaccination rates, CDC report finds – CNN

The hospitalization rate among teens who are unvaccinated is 10 times higher than teens who are vaccinated, new CDC data shows – Insider

Child COVID hospital cases up in low-vaccination states – CIDRAP

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Podcast: Febrile Infants (based on the new AAP Guideline).

7 Sep, 2021 | 10:31h | UTC

#33: Febrile Infants – When Babies Are Too Hot – The Cribsiders

Original guideline:

AAP Guideline: Evaluation and management of well-appearing febrile infants 8 to 60 days old.

Commentaries:

Landmark Febrile Neonate, Febrile Infant Guideline from the AAP – JournalFeed

Small Talk – Hot Off The Presses: The Latest AAP Guidelines for the Febrile Neonate – emDocs

Related:

M-A: Low prevalence of bacterial meningitis among well-appearing febrile infants aged 29-60 days with positive urinalysis results – “These results suggest that for these infants, the decision to use lumbar puncture should not be guided by urinalysis results alone”.

Things We Do for No Reason: Lumbar Punctures in Low-Risk Febrile Infants with Bronchiolitis

[Abstract Only] Observational Study Suggests Testing for Meningitis May Not be Necessary for Febrile Well-Appearing Young Infants with Positive Urinalysis

Study: Clinical Prediction Rule to Identify Febrile Infants at Low Risk for Serious Bacterial Infections

Cohort Study: Accuracy of Complete Blood Cell Counts to Identify Febrile Infants 60 Days or Younger With Invasive Bacterial Infections

 

Opinion | “The downsides of masking young students are real”.

3 Sep, 2021 | 10:24h | UTC

The Downsides of Masking Young Students Are Real – The Atlantic

 

Commentary with a rebuttal on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

Study casts doubt on WHO guidance on antibiotics for neonatal sepsis.

3 Sep, 2021 | 09:57h | UTC

Study casts doubt on WHO guidance on antibiotics for neonatal sepsis – CIDRAP

Original study: Effects of antibiotic resistance, drug target attainment, bacterial pathogenicity and virulence, and antibiotic access and affordability on outcomes in neonatal sepsis: an international microbiology and drug evaluation prospective substudy (BARNARDS) – The Lancet Infectious Diseases

Invited commentary: Antibiotics for neonatal sepsis in low-income and middle-income countries—where to go from here? (free registration required)

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Long COVID: the physical and mental health of children and non-hospitalized young people after SARS-CoV-2 infection – one in seven children may still have symptoms 15 weeks after infection.

2 Sep, 2021 | 10:10h | UTC

Long COVID – the physical and mental health of children and non-hospitalised young people 3 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection; a national matched cohort study (The CLoCk) Study.

Commentaries:

Long Covid in children ‘nowhere near scale feared’ – BBC

Long covid: One in seven children may still have symptoms 15 weeks after infection, data show – The BMJ

Related:

Do kids get long COVID? And how often? A pediatrician looks at the data – Children also get Long Covid, but much less often than adults.

Illness duration and symptom profile in symptomatic school-aged children tested for SARS-CoV-2 – “Only 25 (1.8%) of 1379 children experienced symptoms for at least 56 days.”

Long-term Symptoms After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Adolescents – “This study found a low prevalence of symptoms compatible with long COVID in a randomly selected cohort of children assessed 6 months after serologic testing”.

Study shows low incidence of post-acute COVID-19 symptoms (“Long Covid”) in children after mild disease

Cohort study: Risk factors for long covid in previously hospitalized children.

M-A: More than 50 long-term effects of COVID-19.

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

Treatment of urinary tract infections in infants <2 Months: A Living Systematic Review - short and long duration of parenteral antibiotics were associated with a similar risk of UTI recurrence.

2 Sep, 2021 | 08:19h | UTC

Treatment of UTIs in Infants <2 Months: A Living Systematic Review – Hospital Pediatrics

 

RCT: Severe malaria among young African children dramatically reduced through seasonal vaccination and preventative drug combination.

1 Sep, 2021 | 09:02h | UTC

News release: Severe malaria among young African children dramatically reduced through seasonal vaccination and preventative drug combination – London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine

Original article: Seasonal Malaria Vaccination with or without Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention – New England Journal of Medicine

Commentary: Malaria trial shows ‘striking’ 70% reduction in severe illness in children – The Guardian

Related: Malaria vaccine becomes first to achieve WHO-specified 75% efficacy goal

 

Do kids get long COVID? And how often? A pediatrician looks at the data – Children also get Long Covid, but much less often than adults.

31 Aug, 2021 | 08:57h | UTC

Do kids get long COVID? And how often? A paediatrician looks at the data – The Conversation

Related:

Illness duration and symptom profile in symptomatic school-aged children tested for SARS-CoV-2 – “Only 25 (1.8%) of 1379 children experienced symptoms for at least 56 days.”

Long-term Symptoms After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Adolescents – “This study found a low prevalence of symptoms compatible with long COVID in a randomly selected cohort of children assessed 6 months after serologic testing”.

Study shows low incidence of post-acute COVID-19 symptoms (“Long Covid”) in children after mild disease

Cohort study: Risk factors for long covid in previously hospitalized children.

M-A: More than 50 long-term effects of COVID-19.

 

Many predicted some kind of ‘Covid slide’ in learning. Test results show how bad it is.

29 Aug, 2021 | 18:55h | UTC

Many predicted some kind of ‘Covid slide’ in learning. Test results show how bad it is – CNN

Report: Learning during COVID-19: Reading and math achievement in the 2020-21 school year – NWEA

Related:

[Preprint] Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on early child cognitive development: initial findings in a longitudinal observational study of child health.

 

Unvaccinated, unmasked teacher infected more than half of students in class with Covid-19, CDC reports.

29 Aug, 2021 | 18:52h | UTC

Unvaccinated, unmasked teacher infected more than half of students in class with Covid-19, CDC reports – CNN

Original study: Outbreak Associated with SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 (Delta) Variant in an Elementary School — Marin County, California, May–June 2021 – CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

 

Commentary/Podcast: are the AAP guidelines for the evaluation and management of the well-appearing febrile infant the answer to a never ending story?

27 Aug, 2021 | 08:40h | UTC

SGEM#341: are the AAP guidelines for the evaluation and management of the well-appearing febrile infant the answer to a never ending story? – The Skeptics Guide To EM

Original guideline and commentary: Commentary on the Latest AAP Guidelines for the Febrile Neonate.

 

Thirty-Day Outcomes of Children and Adolescents With COVID-19: An International Experience – “Despite negligible fatality, complications including hospitalization, hypoxemia, and pneumonia were more frequent in children and adolescents with COVID-19 than with influenza”.

24 Aug, 2021 | 09:51h | UTC

Thirty-Day Outcomes of Children and Adolescents With COVID-19: An International Experience – Pediatrics

Related:

Kawasaki Disease and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: An Overview and Comparison.

Illness duration and symptom profile in symptomatic school-aged children tested for SARS-CoV-2 – “Only 25 (1.8%) of 1379 children experienced symptoms for at least 56 days.”

AAP Guidance: Post-COVID-19 conditions in children and adolescents.

Cohort study: Risk factors for long covid in previously hospitalized children.

Cohort study: Neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized children and adolescents in the UK – “around 1 in 20 of children hospitalized with COVID-19 develop brain or nerve complications linked to the viral infection”.

Long-term Symptoms After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Adolescents – “This study found a low prevalence of symptoms compatible with long COVID in a randomly selected cohort of children assessed 6 months after serologic testing”.

Deaths from COVID ‘incredibly rare’ among children.

[Preprint] Study confirms children’s extremely low risk of death from Covid-19 – “99·995% of children and young people with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test survived”.

 

Perspective | How should schools and daycare treat colds in the covid age? It’s complicated. – “Will every sniffle and cough be treated as potential Covid until proven otherwise?”.

24 Aug, 2021 | 09:53h | UTC

How Should Schools And Daycare Treat Colds In The Covid Age? It’s Complicated. – Romper

 

[Preprint] SARS-CoV-2 aerosol transmission in schools: theoretical effectiveness of different interventions – “Combined interventions (i.e., natural ventilation, masks, and HEPA filtration) were the most effective (≥ 30-fold decrease)”.

22 Aug, 2021 | 23:50h | UTC

SARS-CoV-2 aerosol transmission in schools: the effectiveness of different interventions – medRxiv

Related: The right way to protect our children and return to in-person learning – CNN

 

Commentaries on Twitter

 

Opinion | Go Ahead. Vaccinate the Kids. The risk of vaccinating children will never be zero, but the alternative is so much worse.

18 Aug, 2021 | 08:50h | UTC

Go Ahead. Vaccinate the Kids. – The Atlantic

 

Opinion: “fear of covid-19 in kids is getting ahead of the data”.

16 Aug, 2021 | 01:09h | UTC

Fear of COVID-19 in Kids Is Getting Ahead of the Data – The Atlantic

 

Kawasaki Disease and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: An Overview and Comparison.

13 Aug, 2021 | 10:01h | UTC

Kawasaki Disease and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: An Overview and Comparison – American Family Physician

Related:

Cohort study: Six month follow-up of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

Cohort study: Among children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C) associated with Covid-19, there was no evidence that recovery differed after primary treatment with intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) alone, IVIG plus glucocorticoids, or glucocorticoids alone.

Cohort study: Among children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C) associated with Covid-19, initial treatment with intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) plus glucocorticoids was associated with a lower risk of new or persistent cardiovascular dysfunction than IVIG alone.

Cohort study showed that the incidence of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) was 316 persons per 1 000 000 SARS-CoV-2 infections in persons younger than 21 years. The incidence was higher among Black, Hispanic or Latino, and Asian or Pacific Islander persons.

Cohort study showed good recovery for most children 6 months after Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome (PIMS-TS) associated with SARS-CoV-2.

Epidemiology of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Step Closer to Understanding Who, Where, and When

Neurologic involvement in children and adolescents with COVID-19 or Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome

Clinical Update: Acute covid-19 and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

Differences in characteristics and outcomes of children and adolescents with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) vs. severe acute COVID-19

Cutaneous findings in SARS-CoV-2-associated Multisystem Inflammatory Disease in Children (MIS-C)

SR: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children related to COVID-19

Observational study: The combination of Immunoglobulins + Methylprednisolone was associated with a better course of fever compared to Immunoglobulins alone in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in children

ACR Guidance for pediatric patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with SARS‐CoV‐2

New systematic review of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With SARS-CoV-2 infection summarizes the clinical features, management, and outcomes of the disease, showing favorable outcomes for the majority of children

 

RCT: Evaluation of Moderna mRNA vaccine in adolescents.

12 Aug, 2021 | 09:58h | UTC

Evaluation of mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Adolescents – New England Journal of Medicine

Related:

Phase 1/2 RCT: CoronaVac is well tolerated and safe and induces strong humoral responses in children and adolescents aged 3–17 years.

RCT: Pfizer-BioNTech Covid-19 vaccine shows 100% efficacy in adolescents – mainly transient mild-to-moderate reactogenicity was frequently observed, such as injection-site pain (in 79 to 86% of participants), fatigue (in 60 to 66%), and headache (in 55 to 65%).

 

Commentaries on Twitter

 

Review of COVID-19: Abdominal manifestations in adults and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.

6 Aug, 2021 | 10:05h | UTC

Review of COVID-19, part 1: Abdominal manifestations in adults and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children – Clinical Imaging

 

PIDS-IDSA Guideline on diagnosis and management of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis in pediatrics.

6 Aug, 2021 | 09:58h | UTC

Clinical Practice Guideline by the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America: 2021 Guideline on Diagnosis and Management of Acute Hematogenous Osteomyelitis in Pediatrics – Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society

News release: New PIDS-IDSA guideline on bone infections in children addresses key diagnostic and treatment questions – Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society

 

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