Pediatrics – Infectious Diseases | Page 10 of 19 | Links Medicus Content Curation & Alerts in Medicine

"As SARS-CoV-2 remains predominantly a mild infection in the paediatric population, the incidence of long covid is a critical factor in the risk-benefit equation for policy and parental decisions on covid-19 vaccines for children," says Editorialhttps://t.co/POidCyS2RZ

— The BMJ (@bmj_latest) January 20, 2022

Heart function recovered quickly in children with COVID-19-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C).

20 Jan, 2022 | 09:26h | UTC

News Release: Heart function recovered quickly in children with COVID-19-related MIS-C condition – American Heart Association

Original Study: Longitudinal Assessment of Cardiac Outcomes of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With COVID‐19 Infections – Journal of the American Heart Association

Systematic Review: School closures during social lockdown and mental health, health behaviors, and well-being among children and adolescents during the first Covid-19 wave.

19 Jan, 2022 | 09:00h | UTC

School Closures During Social Lockdown and Mental Health, Health Behaviors, and Well-being Among Children and Adolescents During the First COVID-19 Wave: A Systematic Review – JAMA Pediatrics

Editorial: Pandemic Recovery for Children—Beyond Reopening Schools – JAMA Pediatrics

Commentary: More Behavioral Issues Reported in Children When School Is Virtual – Psychiatric News Alert

M-A: Child and youth mental health problems have doubled during COVID-19.

Adolescents’ recreational screen time doubled during pandemic, affecting mental health.

More data on the harmful effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of adolescents.

COVID has caused ‘mass trauma,’ worsening mental health globally.

COVID’s mental-health toll: how scientists are tracking a surge in depression

CDC Report: Mental health-related emergency department visits among children aged under 18 years raised during the COVID-19 Pandemic

WHO: COVID-19 disrupting mental health services in most countries

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

A systematic review in @JAMANetwork of 36 studies from 11 nations about school closures during the first Covid wave found that such closures were tied to adverse mental health symptoms (such as distress and anxiety) and health behaviors in kids. 1/3 https://t.co/invmjD73tQ pic.twitter.com/ReqriQl3g4

— Benjamin Ryan (@benryanwriter) January 18, 2022

RCT: In children with community-acquired pneumonia, outpatient antibiotic therapy for 5 days resulted in similar clinical response rates compared to a standard 10-day strategy.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:39h | UTC

Short- vs Standard-Course Outpatient Antibiotic Therapy for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children: The SCOUT-CAP Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Pediatrics (free for a limited period)

Commentaries:

Trial finds 5 days of antibiotics superior to 10 for kids with pneumonia – CIDRAP

Shorter antibiotics treatment is better for young children with outpatient pneumonia – Vanderbilt University Medical Center

ACP Guidance: Appropriate Use of Short-Course Antibiotics in Common Infections

RCT: 5 days of high-dose amoxicillin therapy noninferior to 10 days for the treatment of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia

RCT: Among children with community-acquired pneumonia discharged within 48 hours from the ED or hospital, lower-dose outpatient oral amoxicillin was noninferior to a higher dose, and a 3-day duration course was noninferior to 7 days.

Treatment of urinary tract infections in infants <2 Months: A Living Systematic Review – short and long duration of parenteral antibiotics were associated with a similar risk of UTI recurrence.

RCT: 7 days of antibiotic therapy as good as 14 days for afebrile men with urinary tract infection.

Randomized Trial: Seven vs. Fourteen Days of Antibiotic Therapy for Uncomplicated Gram-negative Bacteremia

Meta-Analysis: Efficacy of Short-Course Antibiotic Treatments for Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Measures implemented in the school setting to contain the COVID‐19 pandemic: a rapid review.

18 Jan, 2022 | 09:54h | UTC

Measures implemented in the school setting to contain the COVID‐19 pandemic: a rapid review – Cochrane Library

News Release: Measures implemented in the school setting to contain the COVID-19 pandemic: a rapid review – Cochrane Library

Review: Treatment of multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) in children and adolescents.

18 Jan, 2022 | 09:46h | UTC

Treatment of MIS-C in Children and Adolescents – Current Pediatrics Reports

Review of 4,470 cases of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children in the US.

WHO issues guidelines on the treatment of children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19.

An Update on Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Related to SARS-CoV-2.

Ten Things to Know About Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C).

Cohort study: long term follow-up showed most patients with post–COVID-19 Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children had good outcomes with no significant medium- or long-term sequelae.

Kawasaki Disease and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: An Overview and Comparison.

Cohort study: Six month follow-up of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

Cohort study: Among children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C) associated with Covid-19, there was no evidence that recovery differed after primary treatment with intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) alone, IVIG plus glucocorticoids, or glucocorticoids alone.

Cohort study: Among children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C) associated with Covid-19, initial treatment with intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) plus glucocorticoids was associated with a lower risk of new or persistent cardiovascular dysfunction than IVIG alone.

Cohort study showed that the incidence of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) was 316 persons per 1 000 000 SARS-CoV-2 infections in persons younger than 21 years. The incidence was higher among Black, Hispanic or Latino, and Asian or Pacific Islander persons.

Cohort study showed good recovery for most children 6 months after Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome (PIMS-TS) associated with SARS-CoV-2.

Epidemiology of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Step Closer to Understanding Who, Where, and When

Neurologic involvement in children and adolescents with COVID-19 or Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome

Clinical Update: Acute covid-19 and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

Differences in characteristics and outcomes of children and adolescents with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) vs. severe acute COVID-19

Cutaneous findings in SARS-CoV-2-associated Multisystem Inflammatory Disease in Children (MIS-C)

SR: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children related to COVID-19

Observational study: The combination of Immunoglobulins + Methylprednisolone was associated with a better course of fever compared to Immunoglobulins alone in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in children

ACR Guidance for pediatric patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with SARS‐CoV‐2

New systematic review of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With SARS-CoV-2 infection summarizes the clinical features, management, and outcomes of the disease, showing favorable outcomes for the majority of children

Hospital admissions from childhood common infections were largely reduced in England during the pandemic due to control measures for Covid-19.

17 Jan, 2022 | 00:37h | UTC

Indirect effects of the covid-19 pandemic on childhood infection in England: population based observational study – The BMJ

Editorial: Covid-19 control measures and common paediatric infections – The BMJ

News Release: Dramatic fall in hospital admissions for child infections during first year of covid-19 pandemic – BMJ

5 years later, researchers assess how children exposed to Zika are developing.

14 Jan, 2022 | 07:53h | UTC

5 years later, researchers assess how children exposed to Zika are developing – NPR

Observational study in adolescents showed the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine had an overall effectiveness of 94% against hospitalization and 98% against critical Covid-19.

13 Jan, 2022 | 09:00h | UTC

Effectiveness of BNT162b2 Vaccine against Critical Covid-19 in Adolescents – New England Journal of Medicine

Editorial: Sparing of Severe Covid-19 in Vaccinated Adolescents – New England Journal of Medicine

International study identifies predictors of severe outcomes in children with COVID-19.

12 Jan, 2022 | 09:05h | UTC

News Release: International study identifies predictors of severe outcomes in children with COVID-19 – University of Calgary

Original Study: Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2–Positive Youths Tested in Emergency Departments: The Global PERN–COVID-19 Study – JAMA Network Open

CDC Report: COVID-19 vaccine safety in children aged 5–11 Years.

9 Jan, 2022 | 01:09h | UTC

COVID-19 Vaccine Safety in Children Aged 5–11 Years — United States, November 3–December 19, 2021 – CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

Commentary: COVID-19 vaccine appears safe in children aged 5–11 Years – News Medical

Commentary on Twitter

Early vaccine safety data for children ages 5–11 years old found that reactions such as fatigue and headaches were commonly reported following Pfizer-BioNTech #COVID19 vaccine. Everyone ages 5 years & older should get vaccinated as soon as possible. https://t.co/D66QgLRWni pic.twitter.com/8I48L5GmcG

— MMWR (@CDCMMWR) December 30, 2021

New CDC Guidance shortens isolation and quarantine period for Covid-19; patients that tested positive should isolate for 5 days and, if asymptomatic after this period, can leave isolation if they can continue to mask for 5 days to minimize the risk of infecting others.

9 Jan, 2022 | 01:13h | UTC

CDC Updates and Shortens Recommended Isolation and Quarantine Period for General Population – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Commentaries:

Facing criticism, CDC updates Covid-19 isolation recommendations with guidance on testing – CNN

CDC posts rationale for shorter isolation, quarantine – Associated Press

Covid-19: CDC shortens isolation period as US cases hit record high – The BMJ

Shortened CDC COVID isolation guide draws sharply mixed reviews – CIDRAP

New CDC isolation guidelines raise concerns among health experts – NPR

CDC Reduces Recommended Isolation Time for People With COVID-19 – HealthDay

COVID isolation and quarantine period for general population shortened by CDC – News Medical

CDC shortens recommended Covid-19 isolation and quarantine time – CNN

CDC cuts the recommended isolation and quarantine periods for coronavirus infections – NPR

US officials recommend shorter COVID isolation, quarantine – Associated Press

See new recommendations from other countries:

France cuts isolation times and plans crackdown on unvaccinated amid record surge in Covid cases – CNN

Covid: Self-isolation cut from 10 days to seven with negative tests – BBC

CDC Study: A test to stay strategy (allowing close contacts with masked COVID-19 exposures to remain in school) was very efficacious in preventing further school spread and allowed children to stay in the classroom as an alternative to home quarantine.

9 Jan, 2022 | 01:07h | UTC

Evaluation of Test to Stay Strategy on Secondary and Tertiary Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in K–12 Schools — Lake County, Illinois, August 9–October 29, 2021 – CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

Related CDC Guidance:

What You Should Know About COVID-19 Testing in Schools – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Science Brief: Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in K-12 Schools and Early Care and Education Programs – Updated – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Commentary: ‘Test-to-stay’ works to keep students in school safely, CDC director says – CNN

Instead of quarantine for Covid-exposed students, some schools are trying test-to-stay.

Cluster RCT: Daily contact testing of school-based contacts was non-inferior to self-isolation for control of COVID-19 transmission.

Kids are losing school days to quarantines. Here’s a way to keep them in classrooms – “Test-to-stay could dramatically reduce close contact quarantines”.

Opinion | Data from routine Covid testing can help schools stay open this year.

Commentary on Twitter

Although vaccination is the best way to protect against #COVID19 for those aged 5 and up, schools might consider Test to Stay strategy for allowing close contacts who are not fully vaccinated to remain in the classroom. Learn more in a new @CDCMMWR: https://t.co/3m64vomRDh. pic.twitter.com/AAENAdxJ1y

— CDC (@CDCgov) December 17, 2021

[Preprint] Risk of myocarditis following sequential COVID-19 vaccinations by age and sex.

9 Jan, 2022 | 01:05h | UTC

Risk of myocarditis following sequential COVID-19 vaccinations by age and sex – medRxiv

Commentary: An evaluation of the association between COVID vaccination and myocarditis in 42 million people aged 13 or older – News Medical

Note: this study is an updated analysis of a recent study published in Nature Medicine; see below:

Risks of myocarditis, pericarditis, and cardiac arrhythmias associated with COVID-19 vaccination vs. SARS-CoV-2 infection.

New AAP Guidance recommends routine HIV screening to all youth 15 years or older.

8 Jan, 2022 | 23:13h | UTC

Adolescents and Young Adults: The Pediatrician’s Role in HIV Testing and Pre- and Postexposure HIV Prophylaxis – Pediatrics

Commentary: Pediatricians Can Play Key Role in HIV Testing, Prophylaxis – HealthDay

RCT: Low-cost, easy to take antiretroviral treatment based on Dolutegravir as first- or second-Line therapy found to be non-inferior to standard care for treating HIV-1 infection in children.

8 Jan, 2022 | 23:07h | UTC

Dolutegravir as First- or Second-Line Treatment for HIV-1 Infection in Children – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: Easy-to-take medicine better at suppressing HIV in children – University College London

Commentaries on Twitter

Dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy was compared with standard care in children and adolescents starting first- or second-line therapy for HIV type 1 infection. Dolutegravir-based ART was superior to standard-care ART. https://t.co/PP0XaEVswO pic.twitter.com/pQvhjdXcUk

— NEJM (@NEJM) December 29, 2021

Visual Abstract: Dolutegravir as First- or Second-Line HIV Treatment in Children https://t.co/2RIg9uH2V1 pic.twitter.com/mDr1Z6l6CJ

— NEJM (@NEJM) January 4, 2022

NICE Guideline | Fever in under 5s: assessment and initial management.

17 Dec, 2021 | 08:44h | UTC

Fever in under 5s: assessment and initial management – National Institute for Health and Care Excellence

Sepsis in children: state-of-the-art treatment.

16 Dec, 2021 | 08:56h | UTC

Sepsis in children: state-of-the-art treatment – Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease

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