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Pediatrics – Infectious Diseases

Though rare, Moderna Covid vaccine recipients have higher risk of heart inflammation than Pfizer.

9 Feb, 2022 | 10:06h | UTC

Though rare, Moderna Covid vaccine recipients have higher risk of heart inflammation than Pfizer – CNBC

Related:

[Preprint] Risk of myocarditis following sequential COVID-19 vaccinations by age and sex.

Risks of myocarditis, pericarditis, and cardiac arrhythmias associated with COVID-19 vaccination vs. SARS-CoV-2 infection.

 

[Preprint] Post-marketing active surveillance of myocarditis and pericarditis following vaccination with COVID-19 mRNA vaccines in persons aged 12-39 years in Italy.

9 Feb, 2022 | 10:08h | UTC

Post-marketing active surveillance of myocarditis and pericarditis following vaccination with COVID-19 mRNA vaccines in persons aged 12-39 years in Italy: a multi-database, self-controlled case series study -medRxiv

Related:

Myocarditis after BNT162b2 vaccination in Israeli adolescents.

Myocarditis cases reported after mRNA-Based COVID-19 vaccination in the US from December 2020 to August 2021.

A case-control study showed an increased risk of myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination with a messenger RNA vaccine compared to an inactivated virus vaccine.

[Preprint] Risk of myocarditis following sequential COVID-19 vaccinations by age and sex.

Risks of myocarditis, pericarditis, and cardiac arrhythmias associated with COVID-19 vaccination vs. SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Case series with 139 adolescents and young adults with suspected myocarditis following mRNA vaccination showed most cases had a mild clinical course and rapid resolution of symptoms.

Heart-inflammation risk from Pfizer COVID vaccine is very low.

Large cohort study with over 2.5 million individuals showed the incidence of myocarditis after the Pfizer vaccine was 2.13 cases per 100,000 persons.

Study with over 5.1 million vaccinated individuals showed the incidence of myocarditis after the receipt of the Pfizer vaccine was low and more common after the second dose in young male recipients.

Large Observational study shows Pfizer Covid vaccine is mostly safe but is associated with increased risk of myocarditis, adenopathy, appendicitis, and herpes zoster.

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Criteria for Pediatric Sepsis—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by the Pediatric Sepsis Definition Taskforce.

8 Feb, 2022 | 08:40h | UTC

Criteria for Pediatric Sepsis—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by the Pediatric Sepsis Definition Taskforce – Critical Care Medicine

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Summary: 2021 CDC guidelines on sexually transmitted infections.

7 Feb, 2022 | 08:33h | UTC

2021 CDC guidelines on sexually transmitted infections – Family Medicine

Original Guideline: CDC releases new guidelines for the treatment of sexually transmitted infections.

Related: WHO Guidelines for the management of symptomatic sexually transmitted infections.

 

Experts question unusual authorization plan for Covid vaccine for kids under 5.

4 Feb, 2022 | 09:57h | UTC

Experts question unusual authorization plan for Covid vaccine for kids under 5 – STAT

Related:

Pfizer and BioNTech seeking emergency use authorization from FDA for Covid-19 vaccine for children younger than 5 – CNN

Pfizer asks FDA to allow COVID-19 vaccine for kids under 5 – Associated Press

Pfizer Asks FDA to Approve Its Vaccine for the Youngest Children – HealthDay

 

In mechanically ventilated pediatric patients, an observational study showed hospitals varied widely in their use of endotracheal aspirates cultures, and higher rates were correlated with increased antibiotic use.

3 Feb, 2022 | 08:19h | UTC

Association of Endotracheal Aspirate Culture Variability and Antibiotic Use in Mechanically Ventilated Pediatric Patients – JAMA Network Open

 

Commentary from the author on Twitter (thread – click for more)

https://twitter.com/andreaprinzi/status/1476627285490864128

 

Short Review | Hypersensitivity reactions to vaccines in children: from measles to SARS-CoV-2.

2 Feb, 2022 | 08:13h | UTC

Hypersensitivity reactions to vaccines in children: from measles to SARS-CoV-2 – Pediatric Allergy and Immunology

Commentary: Vaccine hypersensitivity in children – News Medical

 

A nationwide cohort study in Denmark showed Long Covid in children is rare and mainly of short duration.

30 Jan, 2022 | 14:40h | UTC

Long COVID symptoms and duration in SARS-CoV-2 positive children — a nationwide cohort study – European Journal of Pediatrics

Related:

Editorial | Long covid in children and adolescents – “Risk appears low, but many questions remain”.

M-A: Persistent symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection among children and young people – “Higher study quality was associated with lower prevalence of all symptoms, except loss of smell and cognitive symptoms”.

Review: Long COVID symptoms in children rarely persist beyond three months.

Cohort study: long term follow-up showed most patients with post–COVID-19 Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children had good outcomes with no significant medium- or long-term sequelae.

Do kids get long COVID? And how often? A pediatrician looks at the data – Children also get Long Covid, but much less often than adults.

Illness duration and symptom profile in symptomatic school-aged children tested for SARS-CoV-2 – “Only 25 (1.8%) of 1379 children experienced symptoms for at least 56 days.”

Long-term Symptoms After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Adolescents – “This study found a low prevalence of symptoms compatible with long COVID in a randomly selected cohort of children assessed 6 months after serologic testing”.

Study shows low incidence of post-acute COVID-19 symptoms (“Long Covid”) in children after mild disease

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Myocarditis after BNT162b2 vaccination in Israeli adolescents.

30 Jan, 2022 | 14:34h | UTC

Myocarditis after BNT162b2 Vaccination in Israeli Adolescents – New England Journal of Medicine

Related:

Myocarditis cases reported after mRNA-Based COVID-19 vaccination in the US from December 2020 to August 2021.

A case-control study showed an increased risk of myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination with a messenger RNA vaccine compared to an inactivated virus vaccine.

[Preprint] Risk of myocarditis following sequential COVID-19 vaccinations by age and sex.

Risks of myocarditis, pericarditis, and cardiac arrhythmias associated with COVID-19 vaccination vs. SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Case series with 139 adolescents and young adults with suspected myocarditis following mRNA vaccination showed most cases had a mild clinical course and rapid resolution of symptoms.

Heart-inflammation risk from Pfizer COVID vaccine is very low.

Large cohort study with over 2.5 million individuals showed the incidence of myocarditis after the Pfizer vaccine was 2.13 cases per 100,000 persons.

Study with over 5.1 million vaccinated individuals showed the incidence of myocarditis after the receipt of the Pfizer vaccine was low and more common after the second dose in young male recipients.

Large Observational study shows Pfizer Covid vaccine is mostly safe but is associated with increased risk of myocarditis, adenopathy, appendicitis, and herpes zoster.

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Opinion: Despite Omicron arriving, keeping schools open as safely as possible should be the goal.

27 Jan, 2022 | 09:58h | UTC

Despite Omicron arriving, keeping schools open as safely as possible should be the goal – The Conversation

 

AAP Report: Some alternative peripartum, neonatal practices carry disease risks.

27 Jan, 2022 | 09:41h | UTC

News Release: Some alternative peripartum, neonatal practices carry disease risks: AAP report – American Academy of Pediatrics

Report: Risks of Infectious Diseases in Newborns Exposed to Alternative Perinatal Practices – Pediatrics

Commentary: Risks Discussed for Alternative Peripartum, Neonatal Practices – HealthDay

 

Myocarditis cases reported after mRNA-Based COVID-19 vaccination in the US from December 2020 to August 2021.

26 Jan, 2022 | 02:23h | UTC

Myocarditis Cases Reported After mRNA-Based COVID-19 Vaccination in the US From December 2020 to August 2021 – JAMA

Commentary: COVID 19: Risk of Myocarditis Highest Following Second Vaccine Dose Among Adolescent and Young Adult Males – MedicalResearch.com

Related:

A case-control study showed an increased risk of myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination with a messenger RNA vaccine compared to an inactivated virus vaccine.

[Preprint] Risk of myocarditis following sequential COVID-19 vaccinations by age and sex.

Risks of myocarditis, pericarditis, and cardiac arrhythmias associated with COVID-19 vaccination vs. SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Case series with 139 adolescents and young adults with suspected myocarditis following mRNA vaccination showed most cases had a mild clinical course and rapid resolution of symptoms.

Heart-inflammation risk from Pfizer COVID vaccine is very low.

Large cohort study with over 2.5 million individuals showed the incidence of myocarditis after the Pfizer vaccine was 2.13 cases per 100,000 persons.

Study with over 5.1 million vaccinated individuals showed the incidence of myocarditis after the receipt of the Pfizer vaccine was low and more common after the second dose in young male recipients.

Large Observational study shows Pfizer Covid vaccine is mostly safe but is associated with increased risk of myocarditis, adenopathy, appendicitis, and herpes zoster.

 

Systematic Review: Short intravenous antibiotic courses for urinary infections in young infants.

26 Jan, 2022 | 01:24h | UTC

Short Intravenous Antibiotic Courses for Urinary Infections in Young Infants: A Systematic Review – Pediatrics (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

WHO drops opposition to boosters – recommends third Pfizer jab for adults & two vaccines for children ages 5 & up.

25 Jan, 2022 | 09:45h | UTC

WHO Drops Opposition to Boosters – Recommends Third Pfizer Jab for Adults & Two Vaccines for Children Ages 5 & Up – Health Policy Watch

Related:

WHO updated roadmap for prioritizing uses of COVID-19 vaccines.

WHO advisers weigh in on COVID-19 boosters, Pfizer vaccine in younger kids.

 

A case-control study showed an increased risk of myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination with a messenger RNA vaccine compared to an inactivated virus vaccine.

25 Jan, 2022 | 09:43h | UTC

Carditis After COVID-19 Vaccination With a Messenger RNA Vaccine and an Inactivated Virus Vaccine: A Case–Control Study – Annals of Internal Medicine

News release: BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine associated with increased risk of carditis – American College of Physicians

Related:

[Preprint] Risk of myocarditis following sequential COVID-19 vaccinations by age and sex.

Risks of myocarditis, pericarditis, and cardiac arrhythmias associated with COVID-19 vaccination vs. SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Case series with 139 adolescents and young adults with suspected myocarditis following mRNA vaccination showed most cases had a mild clinical course and rapid resolution of symptoms.

Heart-inflammation risk from Pfizer COVID vaccine is very low.

Large cohort study with over 2.5 million individuals showed the incidence of myocarditis after the Pfizer vaccine was 2.13 cases per 100,000 persons.

Study with over 5.1 million vaccinated individuals showed the incidence of myocarditis after the receipt of the Pfizer vaccine was low and more common after the second dose in young male recipients.

Large Observational study shows Pfizer Covid vaccine is mostly safe but is associated with increased risk of myocarditis, adenopathy, appendicitis, and herpes zoster.

 

WHO advisers weigh in on COVID-19 boosters, Pfizer vaccine in younger kids.

24 Jan, 2022 | 08:35h | UTC

WHO advisers weigh in on COVID-19 boosters, Pfizer vaccine in younger kids – CIDRAP

See also: Interim recommendations for use of the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine, BNT162b2, under Emergency Use Listing – World Health Organization

 

[Preprint] COVID infection severity in children under 5 years old before and after Omicron emergence in the US.

21 Jan, 2022 | 10:04h | UTC

COVID infection severity in children under 5 years old before and after Omicron emergence in the US – medRxiv

Commentary: SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infections milder in children compared to Delta – News Medical

 

Editorial | Long covid in children and adolescents – “Risk appears low, but many questions remain”.

21 Jan, 2022 | 09:58h | UTC

Long covid in children and adolescents – The BMJ

Related:

M-A: Persistent symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection among children and young people – “Higher study quality was associated with lower prevalence of all symptoms, except loss of smell and cognitive symptoms”.

Review: Long COVID symptoms in children rarely persist beyond three months.

Cohort study: long term follow-up showed most patients with post–COVID-19 Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children had good outcomes with no significant medium- or long-term sequelae.

Long COVID: the physical and mental health of children and non-hospitalized young people after SARS-CoV-2 infection – one in seven children may still have symptoms 15 weeks after infection.

Do kids get long COVID? And how often? A pediatrician looks at the data – Children also get Long Covid, but much less often than adults.

Illness duration and symptom profile in symptomatic school-aged children tested for SARS-CoV-2 – “Only 25 (1.8%) of 1379 children experienced symptoms for at least 56 days.”

Long-term Symptoms After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Adolescents – “This study found a low prevalence of symptoms compatible with long COVID in a randomly selected cohort of children assessed 6 months after serologic testing”.

Study shows low incidence of post-acute COVID-19 symptoms (“Long Covid”) in children after mild disease

Cohort study: Risk factors for long covid in previously hospitalized children.

M-A: More than 50 long-term effects of COVID-19.

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Heart function recovered quickly in children with COVID-19-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C).

20 Jan, 2022 | 09:26h | UTC

News Release: Heart function recovered quickly in children with COVID-19-related MIS-C condition – American Heart Association

Original Study: Longitudinal Assessment of Cardiac Outcomes of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With COVID‐19 Infections – Journal of the American Heart Association

 

Systematic Review: School closures during social lockdown and mental health, health behaviors, and well-being among children and adolescents during the first Covid-19 wave.

19 Jan, 2022 | 09:00h | UTC

School Closures During Social Lockdown and Mental Health, Health Behaviors, and Well-being Among Children and Adolescents During the First COVID-19 Wave: A Systematic Review – JAMA Pediatrics

Editorial: Pandemic Recovery for Children—Beyond Reopening Schools – JAMA Pediatrics

Commentary: More Behavioral Issues Reported in Children When School Is Virtual – Psychiatric News Alert

Related:

M-A: Child and youth mental health problems have doubled during COVID-19.

Adolescents’ recreational screen time doubled during pandemic, affecting mental health.

More data on the harmful effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of adolescents.

COVID has caused ‘mass trauma,’ worsening mental health globally.

COVID’s mental-health toll: how scientists are tracking a surge in depression

CDC Report: Mental health-related emergency department visits among children aged under 18 years raised during the COVID-19 Pandemic

WHO: COVID-19 disrupting mental health services in most countries

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

https://twitter.com/benryanwriter/status/1483482171000111111

 

RCT: In children with community-acquired pneumonia, outpatient antibiotic therapy for 5 days resulted in similar clinical response rates compared to a standard 10-day strategy.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:39h | UTC

Short- vs Standard-Course Outpatient Antibiotic Therapy for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children: The SCOUT-CAP Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Pediatrics (free for a limited period)

Commentaries:

Trial finds 5 days of antibiotics superior to 10 for kids with pneumonia – CIDRAP

Shorter antibiotics treatment is better for young children with outpatient pneumonia – Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Related:

ACP Guidance: Appropriate Use of Short-Course Antibiotics in Common Infections

RCT: 5 days of high-dose amoxicillin therapy noninferior to 10 days for the treatment of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia

RCT: Among children with community-acquired pneumonia discharged within 48 hours from the ED or hospital, lower-dose outpatient oral amoxicillin was noninferior to a higher dose, and a 3-day duration course was noninferior to 7 days.

Treatment of urinary tract infections in infants <2 Months: A Living Systematic Review – short and long duration of parenteral antibiotics were associated with a similar risk of UTI recurrence.

RCT: 7 days of antibiotic therapy as good as 14 days for afebrile men with urinary tract infection.

Randomized Trial: Seven vs. Fourteen Days of Antibiotic Therapy for Uncomplicated Gram-negative Bacteremia

Meta-Analysis: Efficacy of Short-Course Antibiotic Treatments for Community-Acquired Pneumonia

 

Measures implemented in the school setting to contain the COVID‐19 pandemic: a rapid review.

18 Jan, 2022 | 09:54h | UTC

Measures implemented in the school setting to contain the COVID‐19 pandemic: a rapid review – Cochrane Library

News Release: Measures implemented in the school setting to contain the COVID-19 pandemic: a rapid review – Cochrane Library

 

Review: Treatment of multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) in children and adolescents.

18 Jan, 2022 | 09:46h | UTC

Treatment of MIS-C in Children and Adolescents – Current Pediatrics Reports

See also: Clinical practice guidelines in multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) related to COVID-19: a critical review and recommendations – World Journal of Pediatrics

Related:

Review of 4,470 cases of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children in the US.

WHO issues guidelines on the treatment of children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19.

An Update on Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Related to SARS-CoV-2.

Ten Things to Know About Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C).

Cohort study: long term follow-up showed most patients with post–COVID-19 Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children had good outcomes with no significant medium- or long-term sequelae.

Kawasaki Disease and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: An Overview and Comparison.

Cohort study: Six month follow-up of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

Cohort study: Among children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C) associated with Covid-19, there was no evidence that recovery differed after primary treatment with intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) alone, IVIG plus glucocorticoids, or glucocorticoids alone.

Cohort study: Among children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C) associated with Covid-19, initial treatment with intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) plus glucocorticoids was associated with a lower risk of new or persistent cardiovascular dysfunction than IVIG alone.

Cohort study showed that the incidence of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) was 316 persons per 1 000 000 SARS-CoV-2 infections in persons younger than 21 years. The incidence was higher among Black, Hispanic or Latino, and Asian or Pacific Islander persons.

Cohort study showed good recovery for most children 6 months after Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome (PIMS-TS) associated with SARS-CoV-2.

Epidemiology of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Step Closer to Understanding Who, Where, and When

Neurologic involvement in children and adolescents with COVID-19 or Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome

Clinical Update: Acute covid-19 and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

Differences in characteristics and outcomes of children and adolescents with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) vs. severe acute COVID-19

Cutaneous findings in SARS-CoV-2-associated Multisystem Inflammatory Disease in Children (MIS-C)

SR: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children related to COVID-19

Observational study: The combination of Immunoglobulins + Methylprednisolone was associated with a better course of fever compared to Immunoglobulins alone in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in children

ACR Guidance for pediatric patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with SARS‐CoV‐2

New systematic review of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With SARS-CoV-2 infection summarizes the clinical features, management, and outcomes of the disease, showing favorable outcomes for the majority of children

 

Hospital admissions from childhood common infections were largely reduced in England during the pandemic due to control measures for Covid-19.

17 Jan, 2022 | 00:37h | UTC

Indirect effects of the covid-19 pandemic on childhood infection in England: population based observational study – The BMJ

Editorial: Covid-19 control measures and common paediatric infections – The BMJ

News Release: Dramatic fall in hospital admissions for child infections during first year of covid-19 pandemic – BMJ

 

5 years later, researchers assess how children exposed to Zika are developing.

14 Jan, 2022 | 07:53h | UTC

5 years later, researchers assess how children exposed to Zika are developing – NPR

Related: Study: Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities in Children with in Utero Zika Virus Exposure Without Congenital Zika Syndrome

 

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