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Pediatrics – Critical Care & Emergencies

Review: Novel ventilation techniques in children.

6 Apr, 2022 | 08:38h | UTC

Novel ventilation techniques in children – Pediatric Anesthesia

 

Cluster RCT: Co-ordinated multidisciplinary intervention to reduce time to successful extubation for children on mechanical ventilation.

1 Apr, 2022 | 10:01h | UTC

Abstract: Co-ordinated multidisciplinary intervention to reduce time to successful extubation for children on mechanical ventilation: the SANDWICH cluster stepped-wedge RCT – Health Technology Assessment

Download: Full Report

 

Development of a consensus-based definition of Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) in children.

1 Apr, 2022 | 08:35h | UTC

Development of a Consensus-Based Definition of Focused Assessment With Sonography for Trauma in Children – JAMA Network Open

Commentaries:

New FAST Definitions May Improve Trauma Assessment of Children – Medscape (free registration required)

Ultrasonographic views, landmarks, and patient-specific factors to consider in a consensus-based definition of the Focused Assessment With Sonography for Trauma in children with abdominal injury – Physician’s Weekly

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Podcast: Deep dive into deep neck infections in children.

31 Mar, 2022 | 07:57h | UTC

#47: Deep Dive into Deep Neck Infections with Dr. Travis Crook – The Cribsiders

 

Podcast: Neonatal acute kidney injury pearls.

31 Mar, 2022 | 07:58h | UTC

#46: NephMadness 2022: Neonatal AKI – The Cribsiders

 

Cohort Study: Short-term outcomes of corticosteroid monotherapy in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.

30 Mar, 2022 | 10:40h | UTC

Short-term Outcomes of Corticosteroid Monotherapy in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children – JAMA Pediatrics

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

RCT: Among premature infants with a gestational age of less than 30 weeks and intubated for at least 7 days at 14 to 28 days, hydrocortisone did not improve survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

24 Mar, 2022 | 09:58h | UTC

Hydrocortisone to Improve Survival without Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

See also: Visual Abstract

Related:

Randomized Trial: Effect of Hydrocortisone on Mortality or Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Among Very Preterm Infants Receiving Mechanical Ventilation

Systematic Review: Late (after 6 days) systemic postnatal corticosteroids for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants.

Systematic Review: Early (started within six days) systemic postnatal corticosteroids for preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants.

State of the Art Review: Diagnosis and management of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

M-A: Assessment of postnatal corticosteroids for the prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm neonates

ERS Guideline on Long-term Management of Children with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Rapid point-of-care genotyping to avoid aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity in neonatal intensive care.

22 Mar, 2022 | 08:01h | UTC

Rapid Point-of-Care Genotyping to Avoid Aminoglycoside-Induced Ototoxicity in Neonatal Intensive Care – JAMA Pediatrics

Editorial: Genetic Testing in Newborns Moves From Rare to Routine Application

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

RCT: Nebulized Poractant Alfa in premature babies with respiratory distress syndrome.

21 Mar, 2022 | 08:25h | UTC

A Randomized, Controlled Trial to Investigate the Efficacy of Nebulized Poractant Alfa in Premature Babies with Respiratory Distress Syndrome – The Journal of Pediatrics

Commentary: Should we give up on nebulised surfactant? – Neonatal Research

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

How to: Clostridioides difficile infection in children.

16 Mar, 2022 | 08:39h | UTC

How to: Clostridioides difficile infection in children – Clinical Microbiology and Infection

 

Observational Study: Comparison of intracranial pressure measurements before and after hypertonic saline or mannitol treatment in children with severe traumatic brain injury.

14 Mar, 2022 | 00:51h | UTC

Comparison of Intracranial Pressure Measurements Before and After Hypertonic Saline or Mannitol Treatment in Children With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury – JAMA Network Open

Invited Commentary: ADAPTing to a New Era of Comparative Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury—Generating Evidence From Observational Data – JAMA Network Open

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

RCT: In pediatric ICUs, a bundled intervention that emphasized a physiologically focused cardiopulmonary resuscitation training did not improve outcomes in cardiac arrest.

11 Mar, 2022 | 09:37h | UTC

Effect of Physiologic Point-of-Care Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training on Survival With Favorable Neurologic Outcome in Cardiac Arrest in Pediatric ICUs: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: CPR Intervention Failed to Improve Survival in Kids With Cardiac Arrest — Physiologically focused CPR training did not lead to difference in survival to discharge – MedPage Today (free registration required)

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Extending the reach of antimicrobial stewardship to pediatric patients.

10 Mar, 2022 | 10:12h | UTC

Extending the Reach of Antimicrobial Stewardship to Pediatric Patients – Infectious Diseases and Therapy

 

Association of acute respiratory failure in early childhood with long-term neurocognitive outcomes.

9 Mar, 2022 | 08:41h | UTC

Association of Acute Respiratory Failure in Early Childhood With Long-term Neurocognitive Outcomes – JAMA (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentaries:

IQ Lower for Survivors of PICU Respiratory Failure Hospitalization – HealthDay

Investigating The Effects of Critical Illness in Early Childhood On Neurocognitive Outcomes – University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing

 

FDA issues warning after 2 children strangled by enteral feeding set tubing.

8 Mar, 2022 | 08:33h | UTC

FDA issues warning after 2 children strangled by enteral feeding set tubing – AAP News

Original Report: Potential Risk of Strangulation in Children who Use Enteral Feeding Delivery Sets – U.S. Food & Drug Administration

 

Risk factors for PICU admission and death among children and young people hospitalized with COVID-19 and PIMS-TS in England during the first pandemic year.

17 Feb, 2022 | 09:58h | UTC

Risk factors for PICU admission and death among children and young people hospitalized with COVID-19 and PIMS-TS in England during the first pandemic year – Nature Medicine

Commentary: Studies detail risk of severe COVID-19, GI problems in kids – CIDRAP

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

ACR Guidance for Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With SARS–CoV-2 and Hyperinflammation in Pediatric COVID-19.

15 Feb, 2022 | 10:17h | UTC

American College of Rheumatology Clinical Guidance for Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With SARS–CoV-2 and Hyperinflammation in Pediatric COVID-19: Version 3 – Arthritis & Rheumatism

Commentary and summary: ACR Updates Clinical Guidance for Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With COVID – RheumNow

 

Study identifies risk factors for severe CoviD-19 in children.

15 Feb, 2022 | 10:01h | UTC

Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 in Children – Pediatrics

 

2022 SCCM Guidelines on prevention and management of pain, agitation, neuromuscular blockade, and delirium in critically ill pediatric patients with consideration of the ICU environment and early mobility.

13 Feb, 2022 | 22:19h | UTC

2022 Society of Critical Care Medicine Clinical Practice Guidelines on Prevention and Management of Pain, Agitation, Neuromuscular Blockade, and Delirium in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients With Consideration of the ICU Environment and Early Mobility – Pediatric Critical Care Medicine

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Criteria for Pediatric Sepsis—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by the Pediatric Sepsis Definition Taskforce.

8 Feb, 2022 | 08:40h | UTC

Criteria for Pediatric Sepsis—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by the Pediatric Sepsis Definition Taskforce – Critical Care Medicine

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

In mechanically ventilated pediatric patients, an observational study showed hospitals varied widely in their use of endotracheal aspirates cultures, and higher rates were correlated with increased antibiotic use.

3 Feb, 2022 | 08:19h | UTC

Association of Endotracheal Aspirate Culture Variability and Antibiotic Use in Mechanically Ventilated Pediatric Patients – JAMA Network Open

 

Commentary from the author on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

Systematic Review: Short intravenous antibiotic courses for urinary infections in young infants.

26 Jan, 2022 | 01:24h | UTC

Short Intravenous Antibiotic Courses for Urinary Infections in Young Infants: A Systematic Review – Pediatrics (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

RCT: Lidocaine spray may reduce pain during radial arterial puncture.

21 Jan, 2022 | 09:19h | UTC

Effectiveness of lidocaine spray on radial arterial puncture pain: A randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial – The American Journal of Emergency Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

Expert consensus for plasma and platelet transfusion practice in critically ill children.

20 Jan, 2022 | 08:44h | UTC

Executive Summary of Recommendations and Expert Consensus for Plasma and Platelet Transfusion Practice in Critically Ill Children: From the Transfusion and Anemia EXpertise Initiative—Control/Avoidance of Bleeding (TAXI-CAB) – Pediatric Critical Care Medicine

 

RCT: In children with community-acquired pneumonia, outpatient antibiotic therapy for 5 days resulted in similar clinical response rates compared to a standard 10-day strategy.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:39h | UTC

Short- vs Standard-Course Outpatient Antibiotic Therapy for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children: The SCOUT-CAP Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Pediatrics (free for a limited period)

Commentaries:

Trial finds 5 days of antibiotics superior to 10 for kids with pneumonia – CIDRAP

Shorter antibiotics treatment is better for young children with outpatient pneumonia – Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Related:

ACP Guidance: Appropriate Use of Short-Course Antibiotics in Common Infections

RCT: 5 days of high-dose amoxicillin therapy noninferior to 10 days for the treatment of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia

RCT: Among children with community-acquired pneumonia discharged within 48 hours from the ED or hospital, lower-dose outpatient oral amoxicillin was noninferior to a higher dose, and a 3-day duration course was noninferior to 7 days.

Treatment of urinary tract infections in infants <2 Months: A Living Systematic Review – short and long duration of parenteral antibiotics were associated with a similar risk of UTI recurrence.

RCT: 7 days of antibiotic therapy as good as 14 days for afebrile men with urinary tract infection.

Randomized Trial: Seven vs. Fourteen Days of Antibiotic Therapy for Uncomplicated Gram-negative Bacteremia

Meta-Analysis: Efficacy of Short-Course Antibiotic Treatments for Community-Acquired Pneumonia

 

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