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Global and Humanitarian Medicine

Review | Integrating eye care in low-income and middle-income settings

6 Jun, 2023 | 14:21h | UTC

Integrating eye care in low-income and middle-income settings: a scoping review – BMJ Open

 

M-A | Significant non-alcoholic fatty liver disease prevalence in South Asia, many non-obese affected

6 Jun, 2023 | 14:00h | UTC

Prevalence and associated factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among adults in the South Asian Region: a meta-analysis – The Lancet Regional Health – Southeast Asia

 

Global burden, risk factors analysis, and prediction study of ischemic stroke, 1990–2030

5 Jun, 2023 | 13:53h | UTC

Global Burden, Risk Factors Analysis, and Prediction Study of Ischemic Stroke, 1990–2030 – Neurology

News Release: Worldwide Stroke Deaths Expected to Increase to Nearly 5 Million by 2030 – American Academy of Neurology

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Global, regional, and national burden of low back pain, 1990–2020, its attributable risk factors, and projections to 2050

2 Jun, 2023 | 12:34h | UTC

Global, regional, and national burden of low back pain, 1990–2020, its attributable risk factors, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 – The Lancet Rheumatology

Editorial: The global epidemic of low back pain – The Lancet Rheumatology

News Releases:

New study shows low back pain is the leading cause of disability around the world – Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation

In 2050, over 800 million people globally estimated to be living with back pain – The University of Sidney

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

WHO Report | Global progress in tackling maternal and newborn deaths stalls since 2015

25 May, 2023 | 11:36h | UTC

News Release: Global progress in tackling maternal and newborn deaths stalls since 2015: UN – World Health Organization

Report: Improving maternal and newborn health and survival and reducing stillbirth – Progress report 2023 – World Health Organization

 

WHO Report | World health statistics 2023

23 May, 2023 | 13:16h | UTC

World health statistics 2023: monitoring health for the SDGs, sustainable development goals – World Health Organization

News Release: Urgent action needed to tackle stalled progress on health-related Sustainable Development Goals – World Health Organization

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

WHO Report | 152 million babies born preterm in the last decade

23 May, 2023 | 13:15h | UTC

News Release: 152 million babies born preterm in the last decade – World Health Organization

Report: Born too soon: decade of action on preterm birth – World Health Organization

 

The Lancet Series | Small vulnerable newborns

23 May, 2023 | 13:13h | UTC

News Release: An estimated 1 million stillbirths and newborn baby deaths could be prevented each year with low-cost solutions – Lancet

Homepage: Small vulnerable newborns – The Lancet (free registration required for all articles)

Small vulnerable newborns—big potential for impact

Small babies, big risks: global estimates of prevalence and mortality for vulnerable newborns to accelerate change and improve counting

Biological and pathological mechanisms leading to the birth of a small vulnerable newborn

Evidence-based antenatal interventions to reduce the incidence of small vulnerable newborns and their associated poor outcomes

The ethical, economic, and developmental imperative to prevent small vulnerable newborns and stillbirths: essential actions to improve the country and global response

 

Global variations in heart failure etiology, management, and outcomes

22 May, 2023 | 13:50h | UTC

Global Variations in Heart Failure Etiology, Management, and Outcomes – JAMA (free for a limited period)

Author Interview: Global Trends in Heart Failure Etiology, Management, and Outcomes

News Release: Heart failure deadly and under-treated in most countries, says a study in 40 countries – McMaster University

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Cluster RCT | Early detection and treatment bundle reduces postpartum hemorrhage complications

16 May, 2023 | 15:02h | UTC

Summary: An international, cluster-randomized trial assessed the effectiveness of a multicomponent clinical intervention for postpartum hemorrhage in patients having vaginal delivery. The study involved 80 secondary-level hospitals across Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa, and Tanzania, with 210,132 patients. The intervention group utilized a calibrated blood-collection drape for early detection of postpartum hemorrhage and a first-response treatment bundle, while the control group received usual care.

The primary outcome measured was a composite of severe postpartum hemorrhage (blood loss ≥1000 ml), laparotomy for bleeding, or maternal death from bleeding. The results showed a significant reduction in primary-outcome events in the intervention group (1.6%) compared to the usual-care group (4.3%) with a risk ratio of 0.40 (95% CI, 0.32 to 0.50; P<0.001). Postpartum hemorrhage detection rates were 93.1% and 51.1% in the intervention and usual-care groups, respectively, and treatment bundle adherence was 91.2% and 19.4%, respectively.

These findings demonstrate that early detection of postpartum hemorrhage and the use of a bundled treatment approach can significantly reduce the risk of severe postpartum hemorrhage, laparotomy for bleeding, or death from bleeding among patients having vaginal delivery. The results have important implications for improving clinical practice and reducing postpartum hemorrhage complications globally.

Article: Randomized Trial of Early Detection and Treatment of Postpartum Hemorrhage – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: Lifesaving solution dramatically reduces severe bleeding after childbirth – World Health Organization

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

M-A | Impact on childhood mortality of interventions to improve drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene to households

10 May, 2023 | 15:28h | UTC

Impact on childhood mortality of interventions to improve drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) to households: Systematic review and meta-analysis – PLOS Medicine

 

WHO declares end to COVID-19 global health emergency

8 May, 2023 | 13:26h | UTC

WHO Declares End to COVID-19 Global Health Emergency – Health Policy Watch

WHO Statement: Statement on the fifteenth meeting of the International Health Regulations (2005) Emergency Committee regarding the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic – World Health Organization

 

M-A | Effectiveness of handwashing with soap for preventing acute respiratory infections in low-income and middle-income countries

5 May, 2023 | 15:28h | UTC

Effectiveness of handwashing with soap for preventing acute respiratory infections in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis – The Lancet

News Release: Handwashing during ‘normal times’ can reduce burden of respiratory disease – London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine

Commentary from the author: New meta-analysis – handwashing promotion reduces respiratory infections by 17%

 

Commentary from the author on Twitter

 

Review | The global burden of liver disease

5 May, 2023 | 15:23h | UTC

The Global Burden of Liver Disease – Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology

 

Clinical aspects of snakebite envenoming and its treatment in low-resource settings

2 May, 2023 | 13:21h | UTC

Clinical aspects of snakebite envenoming and its treatment in low-resource settings – The Lancet (free registration required)

 

Global burden of chronic respiratory diseases and risk factors, 1990–2019

28 Apr, 2023 | 13:17h | UTC

Global burden of chronic respiratory diseases and risk factors, 1990–2019: an update from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 – eClinicalMedicine

News Release: Chronic respiratory disease is third leading cause of death globally with air pollution killing 1.3 million people – IHME

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

Study estimates poor diet causes 70% of diabetes cases globally

21 Apr, 2023 | 13:06h | UTC

Incident type 2 diabetes attributable to suboptimal diet in 184 countries – Nature Medicine

News Release: Study links poor diet to 14 million cases of type 2 diabetes globally – Tufts University

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Cluster RCT | Long-lasting insecticidal nets compared for malaria control

12 Apr, 2023 | 13:04h | UTC

Efficacy of pyriproxyfen-pyrethroid long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and chlorfenapyr-pyrethroid LLINs compared with pyrethroid-only LLINs for malaria control in Benin: a cluster-randomised, superiority trial – The Lancet

Invited Commentary: Getting ahead of insecticide-resistant malaria vector mosquitoes – The Lancet (free registration required)

 

SR | Epidemiology of injecting drug use, related harms & exposure to behavioral and environmental risks

11 Apr, 2023 | 14:26h | UTC

Epidemiology of injecting drug use, prevalence of injecting-related harm, and exposure to behavioural and environmental risks among people who inject drugs: a systematic review – The Lancet Global Health

Invited Commentary: Surveillance of injecting drug use as a global health imperative – The Lancet Global Health

News Release: Evidence of injecting drug use found in 190 countries: global review – UNSW Sydney

Related Article: Global coverage of interventions to prevent and manage drug-related harms among people who inject drugs: a systematic review – The Lancet Global Health

 

M-A | Ambient air pollution and clinical dementia

11 Apr, 2023 | 14:23h | UTC

Ambient air pollution and clinical dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis – The BMJ

Editorial: Air pollution and dementia – The BMJ

News Releases:

Air pollution may increase risk for dementia – Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health

Exposure to fine particle air pollution linked to heightened dementia risk – BMJ Newsroom

Commentary: Elevated dementia risk even when pollution is below EPA standards – The Harvard Gazette

 

SR | Global coverage of interventions to prevent and manage drug-related harms among people who inject drugs

11 Apr, 2023 | 14:24h | UTC

Global coverage of interventions to prevent and manage drug-related harms among people who inject drugs: a systematic review – The Lancet Global Health

Invited Commentary: Harm reduction interventions for people who inject drugs – The Lancet Global Health

News Release: Evidence of injecting drug use found in 190 countries: global review – UNSW Sydney

Related Article: Epidemiology of injecting drug use, prevalence of injecting-related harm, and exposure to behavioural and environmental risks among people who inject drugs: a systematic review – The Lancet Global Health

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

WHO Report | Dengue & Chikungunya cases spreading beyond known transmission zones in the Americas

10 Apr, 2023 | 14:04h | UTC

Geographical expansion of cases of dengue and chikungunya beyond the historical areas of transmission in the Region of the Americas – World Health Organization

Commentary: WHO: Concerning Spread of Dengue, Chikungunya in Latin America – JAMA

 

Global epidemiology of cirrhosis — Etiology, trends and predictions

6 Apr, 2023 | 13:27h | UTC

Global epidemiology of cirrhosis — aetiology, trends and predictions – Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

WHO Report | 1 in 6 people globally affected by infertility

5 Apr, 2023 | 13:47h | UTC

News Release: 1 in 6 people globally affected by infertility – World Health Organization

Report: Infertility Prevalence Estimates, 1990–2021 – World Health Organization

Key facts: Infertility – World Health Organization

Commentaries:

Infertility affects a ‘staggering’ 1 in 6 people worldwide, WHO says – CNN

One in six people worldwide affected by infertility, WHO reports – The Guardian

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

Analysis | Global coverage and design of sugar-sweetened beverage taxes

5 Apr, 2023 | 12:43h | UTC

Global Coverage and Design of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxes – JAMA Network Open

Related:

The introduction of sugary drinks tax in the UK was followed by a drop in obesity cases among children

WHO manual on sugar-sweetened beverage taxation policies to promote healthy diets.

M-A: Outcomes following taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages.

Public Policies to Reduce Sugary Drink Consumption in Children and Adolescents – Pediatrics

Cutting back on sugar-sweetened beverages: What works? – Cochrane Library

Association of a Beverage Tax on Sugar-Sweetened and Artificially Sweetened Beverages With Changes in Beverage Prices and Sales at Chain Retailers in a Large Urban Setting – JAMA

Association between tax on sugar sweetened beverages and soft drink consumption in adults in Mexico: open cohort longitudinal analysis of Health Workers Cohort Study – The BMJ

Potential impact on prevalence of obesity in the UK of a 20% price increase in high sugar snacks: modelling study – The BMJ

Changes in food purchases after the Chilean policies on food labelling, marketing, and sales in schools: a before and after study – The Lancet Planetary Health

Association of a Sweetened Beverage Tax With Soda Consumption in High School Students – JAMA Pediatrics

Sugar-sweetened beverage taxes: Lessons to date and the future of taxation – PLOS Medicine

Banning the promotion of soft drinks could be more effective than a sugar tax – The Conversation

Sugar tax: why health experts want it but politicians and industry are resisting – The Guardian

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

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