Systematic Reviews & Meta-analysis | Page 11 of 122 | Links Medicus Content Curation & Alerts in Medicine

? In our recent #Cochrane Review, we look at the impact of using #ActivePlacebo control versus standard placebo in randomised drug trials. https://t.co/7VwTOSRKxF #Blinding #Unblinding #Placebo #Bias @cochranemthds @AsgerPaludan @ChrisPaWer

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— David Laursen (@LaursenDavid) March 8, 2023

SR | Parathyroidectomy for adults with primary hyperparathyroidism

14 Mar, 2023 | 13:22h | UTC

Parathyroidectomy for adults with primary hyperparathyroidism – Cochrane Library

Summary: Parathyroidectomy for adults with primary hyperparathyroidism – Cochrane Library

M-A | Routine anaerobic coverage for aspiration pneumonia: limited evidence of benefit

13 Mar, 2023 | 15:03h | UTC

Summary: Treating aspiration pneumonia with antibiotics that cover anaerobic bacteria has become common practice in many services, but recent studies suggest that this may not necessarily improve prognosis.

Out of 2523 publications, this systematic review and meta-analysis only included one randomized control trial and two observational studies. The study found no clear benefit of anaerobic coverage and concluded that there is not enough data to evaluate the necessity of anaerobic coverage in the antibiotic treatment of aspiration pneumonia.

The authors suggest that covering anaerobic bacteria with antibiotics may not be needed as an initial treatment for aspiration pneumonia if there is no formation of abscess or empyema and the patient has good oral hygiene.

Article: The Clinical Significance of Anaerobic Coverage in the Antibiotic Treatment of Aspiration Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis – Journal of Clinical Medicine

M-A | Strength of association between comorbidities and asthma

13 Mar, 2023 | 15:01h | UTC

Summary: The study investigated the strength of association between comorbidities and asthma, as the presence of comorbidities is related to poor asthma outcomes. A comprehensive literature search was conducted for observational studies reporting data on comorbidities in asthma and nonasthma populations.

A total of 5,493,776 subjects were analyzed, and several comorbidities were found to be strongly or very strongly associated with asthma and severe asthma, including allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, bronchiectasis, hypertensive cardiomyopathy, nasal congestion, COPD, and other chronic respiratory diseases.

The study supports the relevance of individualized strategies for disease management that look beyond asthma and suggests a comprehensive approach should be used to assess whether poor symptom control is related to uncontrolled asthma or other underlying comorbidities.

Article: Strength of association between comorbidities and asthma: a meta-analysis – European Respiratory Review

SR | Surgical treatments for epilepsies in children aged 1–36 months

10 Mar, 2023 | 14:21h | UTC

Surgical Treatments for Epilepsies in Children Aged 1–36 Months: A Systematic Review – Neurology

Commentary on Twitter

Tsou and colleagues summarize findings of a systematic review commissioned by the @AmEpilepsySoc to assess evidence and identify evidence gaps for surgical treatments for #epilepsy in children aged 1–36 months without infantile spasms. Read the article: https://t.co/Q1WW8Yy0Jf pic.twitter.com/Ko1c27x6cw

— Neurology Journal (@GreenJournal) January 9, 2023

WHO Meta-Analysis | Saturated fat and trans-fat intakes and their replacement with other macronutrients

9 Mar, 2023 | 14:24h | UTC

Saturated fat and trans-fat intakes and their replacement with other macronutrients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies – World Health Organization

Commentary on Twitter

Saturated fat and trans-fat intakes
and their replacement with other
macronutrients
published on behalf @WHO https://t.co/fNXmKwWOMQ pic.twitter.com/0Qi8PNqyqq

— Lukas Schwingshackl (@LSchwingshackl) March 6, 2023

Evidence Analysis | Menière’s disease: experience, evidence gaps & treatment choices

9 Mar, 2023 | 14:21h | UTC

Menière’s disease: experience, evidence gaps & treatment choices – Evidently Cochrane

New Cochrane Reviews:

Systemic pharmacological interventions for Ménière’s disease – Cochrane Library

Intratympanic gentamicin for Ménière’s disease – Cochrane Library

Intratympanic corticosteroids for Ménière’s disease – Cochrane Library

Positive pressure therapy for Ménière’s disease – Cochrane Library

Lifestyle and dietary interventions for Ménière’s disease – Cochrane Library

Surgical interventions for Ménière’s disease – Cochrane Library

SR | Spinal cord stimulation for low back pain provides no sustained clinical benefits compared to placebo

9 Mar, 2023 | 14:12h | UTC

Summary: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a surgical procedure used to treat persistent low back pain by sending electrical signals via implanted electrodes into the spinal cord. The review included 13 studies (randomized controlled trials and cross‐over trials) with 699 participants.

Most of the studies were focused on short-term effects (less than one month), but the review found it is uncertain whether spinal cord stimulation can improve outcomes in the immediate term compared with placebo. At six months, SCS probably does not improve back or leg pain, function, or quality of life compared with placebo, with moderate certainty of evidence. Adverse events were also reported, including infections, neurological damage, and lead migration requiring repeated surgery.

The review concluded that the data does not support the use of SCS to manage low back pain outside a clinical trial. Current evidence suggests SCS probably does not have sustained clinical benefits that would outweigh the costs and risks of this surgical intervention.

Article: Spinal cord stimulation for low back pain – Cochrane Library

Summary: Spinal cord stimulation for low back pain – Cochrane Library

Commentary from the author on Twitter

Our Cochrane review on spinal cord stimulators for #backpain out today.

Bottom line:
-Mod certainty evidence of no benefit vs placebo in medium term
-Uncertain if benefit on pain in immediate term
-Adverse events (infection, re-operation) commonhttps://t.co/lNJQeN96Zs

? pic.twitter.com/y3FfGG5scD

— Adrian Traeger (@adrian_traeger) March 7, 2023

SR | There is insufficient evidence to recommend pharmacological treatments for central sleep apnea in adults

9 Mar, 2023 | 14:01h | UTC

Pharmacological treatment for central sleep apnoea in adults – Cochrane Library

Summary: Medicines for central sleep apnoea in adults – Cochrane Library

M-A | Efficacy of mesalamine in irritable bowel syndrome

9 Mar, 2023 | 13:56h | UTC

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Efficacy of Mesalamine in Irritable Bowel Syndrome – Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology

SR | Ultrasound‐guided arterial cannulation in the pediatric population

7 Mar, 2023 | 13:15h | UTC

Summary:

This updated systematic review analyzed nine randomized controlled trials comparing ultrasound guidance to traditional methods of locating arteries for cannulation, such as palpation and Doppler auditory assistance.

The review found that ultrasound guidance probably improves first-attempt success rates, reduces the risk of complications such as hematoma formation, improves success rates within two attempts and the overall rate of successful cannulation, and reduces the number of attempts and duration of the cannulation procedure.

However, the review also notes that the evidence is only of moderate certainty due to the inability to mask the doctors performing the cannulation and the limited number of children studied. More research is needed to confirm the benefits of ultrasound guidance for arterial cannulation in different age groups of children.

Article: Ultrasound‐guided arterial cannulation in the paediatric population – Cochrane Library

Summary: Ultrasound use for insertion of arterial catheters in children – Cochrane Library

SR | Intermittent phototherapy versus continuous phototherapy for neonatal jaundice

7 Mar, 2023 | 12:59h | UTC

Summary:

Phototherapy is a widely accepted first-line therapy for neonatal jaundice, and while continuous phototherapy is traditionally used, intermittent phototherapy has been proposed as an equally effective alternative with practical advantages such as improved maternal feeding and bonding. This systematic review compared intermittent vs. continuous phototherapy’s effectiveness and safety in treating neonatal jaundice.

The study included 12 randomized controlled trials involving 1600 infants, and found little or no difference between intermittent and continuous phototherapy in reducing bilirubin levels. Continuous phototherapy was found to be more effective in preterm infants, but the risks and potential benefits are unknown.

The review concludes that while there are theoretical benefits to intermittent regimens, large, well-designed, prospective trials are needed to determine whether intermittent and continuous phototherapy are equally effective and safe in both preterm and term infants.

Article: Intermittent phototherapy versus continuous phototherapy for neonatal jaundice – Cochrane Library

Summary: Intermittent phototherapy versus continuous phototherapy for neonatal jaundice – Cochrane Library

M-A | Oral iron supplementation and anemia in children according to schedule, duration, dose and cosupplementation

7 Mar, 2023 | 12:53h | UTC

Summary:

The article is a systematic review and meta-analysis of 129 randomized trials on iron supplementation and anemia in children. The study aimed to identify the optimal schedule, duration, dose, and cosupplementation regimen for iron supplementation in children and adolescents aged under 20 years.

The results showed that frequent (3-7 times/week) and intermittent (1-2 times/week) iron supplementation could be equally effective at increasing hemoglobin and decreasing anemia, iron deficiency, and iron deficiency anemia.

The study supports WHO recommendations regarding the frequency, duration, and dose of iron supplementation, including 3 months annually of daily oral iron supplementation for children aged 6 months to 12 years living in regions with a high burden of anemia. However, it also suggests that weekly iron supplementation might be considered an alternative to the recommended daily regimen in some contexts, given evidence of similar efficacy.

Article: Oral iron supplementation and anaemia in children according to schedule, duration, dose and cosupplementation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 129 randomised trials – BMJ Global Health

SR | The effects of flow settings during high-flow nasal cannula support for adult subjects

7 Mar, 2023 | 12:40h | UTC

The effects of flow settings during high-flow nasal cannula support for adult subjects: a systematic review – Critical Care

M-A | Early vs. delayed coronary angiography after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest without ST-segment elevation

6 Mar, 2023 | 14:12h | UTC

Summary:

This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials evaluated the efficacy and safety of early vs. delayed coronary angiography following an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in patients without ST elevation on the ECG.

The review included six trials with 1,590 patients and found that early angiography probably has no effect on mortality, survival with good neurologic outcomes, and ICU length of stay, indicating that the procedure should not be routinely recommended for these patients.

Article: Early Versus Delayed Coronary Angiography After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Without ST-Segment Elevation—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials – Critical Care Explorations

#ESCCongress – RCT: Immediate coronary angiography after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest without ST-segment elevation did not improve outcomes compared to delayed/selective angiography – New England Journal of Medicine

Emergency vs Delayed Coronary Angiogram in Survivors of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Results of the Randomized, Multicentric EMERGE Trial – JAMA Cardiology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

SR | Interventions for preventing and treating kidney disease in IgA vasculitis

3 Mar, 2023 | 13:47h | UTC

Interventions for preventing and treating kidney disease in IgA vasculitis – Cochrane Library

Summary: Interventions for preventing and treating kidney disease in IgA vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein Purpura) – Cochrane Library

SR | Interventions for acute non‐arteritic central retinal artery occlusion

3 Mar, 2023 | 13:36h | UTC

Interventions for acute non‐arteritic central retinal artery occlusion – Cochrane Library

Summary: Treatments for acute central retinal artery occlusion (blockage of the blood supply to the retina of the eye) – Cochrane Library

Commentary on Twitter

Updated #Cochrane Review finds that treatments for acute non-arteritic #CRAO —the blockage of blood to the retina—are ineffective for visual acuity, and tissue plasminogen activator had serious adverse effectshttps://t.co/RmkLD0te2d @johnclin_ @BrownUResearch @VAResearch pic.twitter.com/BjajHtvWaL

— CochraneEyes (@CochraneEyes) February 2, 2023