Randomized Trials
RCT | Effect of repeated low-level red light on myopia prevention among children in China with premyopia
10 May, 2023 | 15:52h | UTCCommentary: Repeated Low-Level Red-Light Intervention Prevents Myopia in Children – HealthDay
Related:
RCT | Effect of low-concentration atropine eyedrops vs. placebo on myopia incidence in children
Crossover RCT | Spectacle lenses with highly aspherical lenslets for slowing myopia.
RCT | Effect of text messaging parents of school-aged children on outdoor time to control myopia.
RCT | Myopia control effect of repeated low-level red-light therapy in children.
Commentary on Twitter
RCT: Repeated low-level red-light (RLRL) is a novel and effective intervention for myopia prevention in children with premyopia, up to 54% reduction in incident myopia within 12 months, with good user acceptability and safety. https://t.co/geMajH5ms8
— JAMA Network Open (@JAMANetworkOpen) April 26, 2023
RCT | Safety of integrated MDA of azithromycin, albendazole and ivermectin vs. standard treatment regimens
10 May, 2023 | 15:24h | UTC
RCT | Postoperative adjuvant anastrozole for 10 or 5 years in patients with hormone receptor–positive breast cancer
9 May, 2023 | 14:32h | UTCPostoperative Adjuvant Anastrozole for 10 or 5 Years in Patients With Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer: AERAS, a Randomized Multicenter Open-Label Phase III Trial – Journal of Clinical Oncology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
RCT | Tislelizumab plus chemotherapy vs placebo plus chemotherapy for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
8 May, 2023 | 13:04h | UTCTislelizumab plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced or metastatic oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (RATIONALE-306): a global, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study – The Lancet Oncology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary on Twitter
NOW OF: Interim analysis of the RATIONALE-306 trial of 1st-line tislelizumab + chemo vs placebo + chemo in adv or metastatic oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma—median OS 17·2 mo (95% CI 15·8–20·1) vs 10·6 mo (9·3–12·1; HR 0·66, 95% CI 0·54–0·80; p<0·0001)https://t.co/25lyg2Ef0o pic.twitter.com/vizCPVd8bj
— The Lancet Oncology (@TheLancetOncol) April 18, 2023
RCT | Long-term survival benefit with abiraterone plus ADT in metastatic PC, but no advantage with enzalutamide association
8 May, 2023 | 13:02h | UTC
Commentary on Twitter
NEW: Final results from two randomised ph 3 trials of the STAMPEDE platform protocol suggest that enzalutamide and abiraterone should not be combined for patients with prostate cancer starting long-term androgen deprivation therapy. #pcsmhttps://t.co/P1uqzE4Wsv pic.twitter.com/l8U7DQZIoe
— The Lancet Oncology (@TheLancetOncol) May 4, 2023
RCT | Ibrutinib plus rituximab improve CLL PFS vs chemoimmunotherapy, but increased unexplained/cardiac deaths
8 May, 2023 | 13:00h | UTC
RCT | Bacterial decolonization for prevention of radiation dermatitis
8 May, 2023 | 12:46h | UTCBacterial Decolonization for Prevention of Radiation Dermatitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Oncology (free for a limited period)
News Release: A Simple Antibacterial Treatment Solves a Severe Skin Problem Caused by Radiation Therapy – Montefiore Einstein Cancer Center
Commentary on Twitter
Rand trial of 75 pts w/breast cancer + 2 with head/neck cancer showed no pts treated w/bacterial decolonization (BD) developed >gr 1 acute rad'n dermatitis (ARD), vs 24% of pts treated with standard of care, suggesting BD may be preventive vs ARD. https://t.co/6FAFH9kMt1 #RadOnc
— JAMA Oncology (@JAMAOnc) May 4, 2023
RCT | Prednisone fails to enhance live birth outcomes in women with recurrent implantation failure
5 May, 2023 | 15:31h | UTCPrednisone vs Placebo and Live Birth in Patients With Recurrent Implantation Failure Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA (free for a limited period)
See also: Visual Abstract
RCT | Adding Bevacizumab to trifluridine–tipiracil enhances overall survival in refractory metastatic colorectal cancer
5 May, 2023 | 15:13h | UTCTrifluridine–Tipiracil and Bevacizumab in Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary on Twitter
Among patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, treatment with trifluridine–tipiracil plus bevacizumab as third-line therapy resulted in longer overall survival than trifluridine–tipiracil alone (SUNLIGHT trial). https://t.co/C4DZvyiZiD pic.twitter.com/gHTR9jbJS5
— NEJM (@NEJM) May 3, 2023
RCT | Best endovascular treatment first strategy yields better outcomes for chronic limb ischemia vs. vein bypass first strategy
3 May, 2023 | 15:39h | UTCCommentary: BASIL-2 Supports Endo-First Strategy for CLTI With Infrapopliteal Disease – TCTMD
Cluster RCT | Eat, sleep, console approach vs. usual care for neonatal opioid withdrawal
3 May, 2023 | 15:35h | UTCEat, Sleep, Console Approach or Usual Care for Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
News Release: “Eat, Sleep, Console” reduces hospital stay and need for medication among opioid-exposed infants – NIH News Releases
Commentary on Twitter
In this randomized trial, infants who were treated with the Eat, Sleep, Console model for neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome had a significantly shorter hospital stay than those in the usual-care group. Full results of the ESC-NOW trial: https://t.co/13j7a5DhZd#PAS2023 pic.twitter.com/so5jqIVwpi
— NEJM (@NEJM) April 30, 2023
RCT | Efficacy and safety of tralokinumab in adolescents with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis
3 May, 2023 | 15:04h | UTCCommentary: Tralokinumab Efficacious, Well-Tolerated for Adolescents with Atopic Dermatitis – HCP Live
Commentary on Twitter
The ECZTRA 6 trial showed that targeted IL-13 inhibition with tralokinumab was efficacious and well tolerated in adolescents with moderate-to-severe AD, suggesting that it is a valuable treatment option in this age group. https://t.co/h36BW4XThE
— JAMA Dermatology (@JAMADerm) April 19, 2023
RCT | Effect of multimodal prehabilitation in improving outcomes following colorectal cancer surgery
3 May, 2023 | 14:52h | UTCEffect of Multimodal Prehabilitation on Reducing Postoperative Complications and Enhancing Functional Capacity Following Colorectal Cancer Surgery: The PREHAB Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Surgery (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary: Prehabilitation Prior to CRC Surgery Reduces Postoperative Complications – Cancer Therapy Advisor
Commentary on Twitter
Patients undergoing resection for nonmetastasized colorectal cancer may benefit from a 4-week multimodal prehabilitation program. https://t.co/e3TO1IdBPJ
— JAMA Surgery (@JAMASurgery) March 29, 2023
RCT | Recurrence outcomes following laparoscopic elective sigmoid resection vs. conservative treatment following diverticulitis
3 May, 2023 | 14:54h | UTCAuthor Interview: Outcomes Following Laparoscopic Elective Sigmoid Resection vs Conservative Treatment Following Diverticulitis – JAMA
Commentary on Twitter
In this study, elective sigmoid resection improved quality of life and decreased recurrence of diverticulitis in 2-year follow-up; these findings may help in decision-making regarding when to proceed to elective surgery for diverticulitis. https://t.co/fKkkQMu7T2
— JAMA Surgery (@JAMASurgery) April 19, 2023
RCT | Hypotension-avoidance and hypertension-avoidance strategies resulted in similar outcomes in noncardiac surgery
2 May, 2023 | 13:54h | UTCHypotension-Avoidance Versus Hypertension-Avoidance Strategies in Noncardiac Surgery: An International Randomized Controlled Trial – Annals of Internal Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary: Hypotension-Avoidance No Better than Hypertension-Avoidance for Reducing Post-Op Adverse Events – HCP Live
Commentary on Twitter
Finally published-POISE-3 showed no diff in effects on major vasc complic between 2 alternative BP mgmt strategies. Probably easiest to continue current regimen.
Hypotension-Avoidance Versus Hypertension-Avoidance Strategies in Noncardiac Surgery https://t.co/GIR4jAL07H— Steven Cohn, MD (@preopconsult) April 24, 2023
RCT | Efficacy and safety of intraoperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for locally advanced colon cancer
2 May, 2023 | 13:36h | UTCEfficacy and Safety of Intraoperative Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Colon Cancer: A Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Surgery (free for a limited period)
Invited Commentary: Heated Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Colon Cancer–Restarting the Fire – JAMA Surgery (free for a limited period)
Commentary on Twitter
Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy with mitomycin C along with complete cytoreduction improved locoregional control in patients with locally advanced colorectal cancer and should be considered for treatment of locally advanced colorectal cancer. https://t.co/hOM4TvgILB
— JAMA Surgery (@JAMASurgery) April 26, 2023
RCT | Lung volume reduction surgery vs. endobronchial valves in patients with emphysema
2 May, 2023 | 13:29h | UTC
Commentary on Twitter
ERJ: In this first randomised study to compare lung volume reduction surgery and endobronchial valve placement in people who are suitable for both treatments, surgery did not produce substantially superior outcomes at 1 year post-procedure https://t.co/cFIVZijSJg pic.twitter.com/ZqRCgxYwLS
— ERS publications (@ERSpublications) May 1, 2023
Clinical trial 2y update | Avelumab first-line maintenance for advanced urothelial carcinoma
2 May, 2023 | 13:30h | UTCOriginal Article: Avelumab Maintenance Therapy for Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma – New England Journal of Medicine
RCT | Liso-cel, a CAR T-Cell therapy, significantly improves outcomes in large B-Cell lymphoma second-line treatment
2 May, 2023 | 13:28h | UTCCommentary: Lisocabtagene Maraleucel Bests Standard Care in LBCL – Cancer Therapy Advisor
RCT | Albuterol–budesonide pressurized metered dose inhaler in patients with mild-to-moderate asthma
28 Apr, 2023 | 13:13h | UTCRelated study: Albuterol–Budesonide Fixed-Dose Combination Rescue Inhaler for Asthma – New England Journal of Medicine
RCT | Comparison of three different substrate ablation strategies for persistent atrial fibrillation
26 Apr, 2023 | 14:18h | UTC
RCT | The effectiveness of early surgical stabilization for multiple rib fractures
26 Apr, 2023 | 14:01h | UTCRelated:
RCT | Operative vs. nonoperative treatment of acute unstable chest wall injuries.
RCT | Rib fixation is not beneficial for non–ventilator-dependent chest wall injuries.
RCT | Trastuzumab deruxtecan versus treatment of physician’s choice in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer
26 Apr, 2023 | 13:57h | UTCTrastuzumab deruxtecan versus treatment of physician’s choice in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (DESTINY-Breast02): a randomised, open-label, multicentre, phase 3 trial – The Lancet (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
RCT | Effectiveness of an over-the-counter self-fitting hearing aid compared with an audiologist-fitted hearing aid
25 Apr, 2023 | 14:47h | UTCAuthor Interview: Effectiveness of Self-fitting vs Audiologist-Fitted Hearing Aids – JAMA
Commentaries:
Self-Fitting, Over-the-Counter Hearing Aids Beneficial – HealthDay
How Do Over-the-Counter Hearing Aids Compare with Those Fitted by Audiologists? – NEJM Journal Watch (free for a limited period)
Commentary on Twitter
Findings suggest that a self-fitting OTC hearing aid may be an effective intervention option for individuals with mild to moderate #hearingloss and produce self-perceived and clinical outcomes similar to those of an audiologist-fitted #hearingaid. https://t.co/Zbc8URj2uA
— JAMA Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (@JAMAOto) April 13, 2023
RCT | Cerebral oximetry monitoring fails to reduce death or severe brain injury in extremely preterm infants
25 Apr, 2023 | 14:45h | UTCCerebral Oximetry Monitoring in Extremely Preterm Infants – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary on Twitter
In extremely preterm infants, the use of cerebral oximetry monitoring to guide treatment for the first 72 hours after birth did not reduce the risk of death or severe brain injury at 36 weeks’ postmenstrual age. Full study: https://t.co/JX7Ra3OpjM pic.twitter.com/VACbUUAq3i
— NEJM (@NEJM) April 19, 2023