Randomized Trials
RCT: In children with sickle cell anemia, hydroxyurea in moderate doses (20 mg/kg per day) is not better than low doses (10 mg/kg per day) for primary stroke prevention.
11 Jan, 2022 | 02:10h | UTCHydroxyurea for primary stroke prevention in children with sickle cell anaemia in Nigeria (SPRING): a double-blind, multicentre, randomised, phase 3 trial – The Lancet Haematology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
RCT: In older patients undergoing hip fracture surgery, regional anesthesia did not reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium compared to general anesthesia.
8 Jan, 2022 | 23:09h | UTCEffect of Regional vs General Anesthesia on Incidence of Postoperative Delirium in Older Patients Undergoing Hip Fracture Surgery: The RAGA Randomized Trial – JAMA (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary: China-wide study will boost understanding of fatal surgical complication – University of Birmingham
Related:
RCT: Spinal Anesthesia not Superior to General Anesthesia for Hip Surgery in Older Adults.
RCT: Long-term supplementation with marine Omega-3 fatty acids does not reduce the risk of depressive symptoms.
8 Jan, 2022 | 23:10h | UTCEffect of Long-term Supplementation With Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acids vs Placebo on Risk of Depression or Clinically Relevant Depressive Symptoms and on Change in Mood Scores: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
RCT: Low-cost, easy to take antiretroviral treatment based on Dolutegravir as first- or second-Line therapy found to be non-inferior to standard care for treating HIV-1 infection in children.
8 Jan, 2022 | 23:07h | UTCDolutegravir as First- or Second-Line Treatment for HIV-1 Infection in Children – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary: Easy-to-take medicine better at suppressing HIV in children – University College London
Commentaries on Twitter
Dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy was compared with standard care in children and adolescents starting first- or second-line therapy for HIV type 1 infection. Dolutegravir-based ART was superior to standard-care ART. https://t.co/PP0XaEVswO pic.twitter.com/pQvhjdXcUk
— NEJM (@NEJM) December 29, 2021
Visual Abstract: Dolutegravir as First- or Second-Line HIV Treatment in Children https://t.co/2RIg9uH2V1 pic.twitter.com/mDr1Z6l6CJ
— NEJM (@NEJM) January 4, 2022
RCT: Vitamin D supplementation does not improve outcomes in people with early psychosis.
8 Jan, 2022 | 22:52h | UTC
RCT: Postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) did not increase disease-free survival compared with no PORT in patients with completely resected non-small-cell lung cancer and proven mediastinal N2 involvement.
8 Jan, 2022 | 22:38h | UTCPostoperative radiotherapy versus no postoperative radiotherapy in patients with completely resected non-small-cell lung cancer and proven mediastinal N2 involvement (Lung ART): an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial – The Lancet Oncology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentaries:
Post-Operative Radiotherapy Not Tied to Better Disease-Free Survival in NSCLC – MedPage Today (free registration required)
Phase 3 trials of Tapinarof cream for plaque psoriasis.
16 Dec, 2021 | 08:49h | UTCPhase 3 Trials of Tapinarof Cream for Plaque Psoriasis – New England Journal of Medicine
Commentary: Topical tapinarof reduces severity of plaque psoriasis – HealthDay
Commentary on Twitter
In two trials of treatment for psoriasis with the topical aryl hydrocarbon receptor–modulating agent tapinarof, clearance of lesions occurred in a larger proportion of patients who used tapinarof cream than of those who used placebo. https://t.co/I4zgVFELhz pic.twitter.com/qT6lbaJK0U
— NEJM (@NEJM) December 10, 2021
RCT: Maribavir for refractory Cytomegalovirus infections with or without resistance post-transplant.
7 Dec, 2021 | 08:37h | UTC
RCT: Long-term outcomes with Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab or Nivolumab alone vs. Ipilimumab in patients with advanced melanoma.
5 Dec, 2021 | 23:07h | UTCEditorial: CheckMate-067: Raising the Bar for the Next Decade in Oncology – Journal of Clinical Oncology
Original Study: #ESMO19 – Randomized Trial: Improved Overall Survival at 5 Years with Combined Immunotherapy for Advanced Melanoma
Randomized clinical trials in critical care: past, present and future.
3 Dec, 2021 | 10:10h | UTCRandomised clinical trials in critical care: past, present and future – Intensive Care Medicine
Commentary on Twitter
RCTs in critical care, history, major challenges & limitations, recent developments trying to solve some of these
📊conventional & novel RCTs
📊rationale for choosing methodological approach (advantages/potential disadvantages – pros/cons)@CritCareReviewshttps://t.co/kjCw7dFuou pic.twitter.com/xS9lHK4cuY— Intensive Care Medicine (@yourICM) December 2, 2021
RCT: Cytoreductive surgery for relapsed ovarian cancer.
2 Dec, 2021 | 09:51h | UTC
Another randomized trial showed convalescent plasma does not benefit patients hospitalized with Covid-19.
1 Dec, 2021 | 09:49h | UTCRelated:
M-A: Convalescent plasma does not reduce mortality in COVID-19.
M-A: Convalescent plasma is safe but does not improve outcomes in the treatment of COVID-19.
RECOVERY Trial: No benefit from convalescent plasma in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19.
Commentary on Twitter
The TSUNAMI RCT showed that high-titer convalescent plasma (CP) did not reduce the risk of severe respiratory failure or death in hospitalized patients with #COVID19 pneumonia. https://t.co/4q0S2AtfMj
— JAMA Network Open (@JAMANetworkOpen) November 29, 2021
Phase II RCT: Efficacy and safety of Itepekimab in patients with moderate-to-severe asthma.
26 Nov, 2021 | 09:46h | UTCEfficacy and Safety of Itepekimab in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Asthma – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentaries on Twitter
Visual Abstract: Efficacy and Safety of Itepekimab for Moderate-to-Severe Asthma https://t.co/7mldcsSaeW pic.twitter.com/RlvE2Z1Tas
— NEJM (@NEJM) November 3, 2021
In this randomized trial, the monoclonal antibody itepekimab against interleukin-33 improved asthma control in patients with moderate-to-severe asthma. https://t.co/8yNcYumImy pic.twitter.com/YmMP0HjRvA
— NEJM (@NEJM) October 28, 2021
Closure of Temporary Ileostomy 2 Versus 12 Weeks After Rectal Resection for Cancer: A Word of Caution from a Prospective, Randomized Controlled Multicenter Trial.
26 Nov, 2021 | 09:42h | UTC
RCT: Educating outpatients for bowel preparation before colonoscopy using virtual reality videos improved bowel preparation, polyp and adenoma detection rates, and improved compliance and satisfaction.
23 Nov, 2021 | 08:28h | UTC
Commentary on Twitter
RCT finds patients who received virtual reality video education before a colonoscopy had better bowel preparation, higher polyp and adenoma detection rates, and improved compliance and satisfaction. https://t.co/dAUtFf2m4B pic.twitter.com/RKAVZcVGuy
— JAMA Network Open (@JAMANetworkOpen) November 22, 2021
RCT: Among patients with bipolar disorder or depression who had survived a recent suicide-related event, Lithium as an add on therapy was not effective for the prevention of repeat suicide-related outcomes.
21 Nov, 2021 | 22:59h | UTCLithium Treatment in the Prevention of Repeat Suicide-Related Outcomes in Veterans With Major Depression or Bipolar Disorder – JAMA Psychiatry (free for a limited period)
Author Interview: Lithium for Suicide-Related Outcome Prevention in Veterans With Major Depression or Bipolar Disorder
Commentary: Lithium Added To Current Tx Fails to Reduce Suicide-Related Events in Veterans – Physician’s Weekly
Commentary on Twitter
VA Trial findings suggest simply adding lithium to existing medication in patients with #bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder is unlikely to be effective for preventing a broad range of repeat suicide-related events. https://t.co/QOj5UhEFKh
— JAMA Psychiatry (@JAMAPsych) November 17, 2021
RECOVERY Trial: Aspirin as an add-on therapy did not reduce mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
19 Nov, 2021 | 11:01h | UTCInvited Commentary: Studying the coagulopathy of COVID-19 – The Lancet
Commentary from the author on Twitter (thread – click for more)
RECOVERY Publication: ASPIRIN
(a widely used anti-platelet treatment in other settings)14 892 patients hospitalised with COVID-19.
No impact on mortality.
Small improvement in hospital stay.
No impact on need for mechanical ventilation
6 more bleeds. 6 fewer thromboses (clots) pic.twitter.com/LxDzudss9F— Martin Landray (@MartinLandray) November 18, 2021
RCT: In patients with multivessel coronary artery disease, a Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) guided revascularization strategy did not reduce the risk of ischemic cardiovascular events or death at 1-year follow-up compared to a traditional strategy without FFR.
19 Nov, 2021 | 10:26h | UTCFractional Flow Reserve to Guide Treatment of Patients With Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease – Journal of the American College of Cardiology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Related:
Randomized Trial: Five-Year Outcomes with PCI Guided by FFR
RCT: In Infants with infantile hemangioma, nadolol is noninferior to propranolol and may be an efficacious and safe alternative in cases of propranolol unresponsiveness or adverse events.
18 Nov, 2021 | 08:29h | UTCCommentary: Oral Nadolol Feasible for the Treatment of Infantile Hemangiomas – HealthDay
Commentary on Twitter
A randomized clinical trial found #nadolol is non-inferior to #propranolol in patients with infantile hemangioma—a safe and efficacious alternative when fast response is needed https://t.co/ECVFfFPBJ2
— JAMA Pediatrics (@JAMAPediatrics) November 9, 2021
#AHA21 – RCT: Among patients undergoing cardiac surgery, routine posterior left pericardiotomy can prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation.
14 Nov, 2021 | 19:53h | UTCPosterior left pericardiotomy for the prevention of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: an adaptive, single-centre, single-blind, randomised, controlled trial – The Lancet (free registration required)
Commentaries:
A short cut to prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation – The Lancet (free registration required)
RCT: In patients with acute stroke eligible for intravenous alteplase and endovascular treatment, intravenous alteplase before endovascular treatment did not improve outcomes compared to endovascular treatment alone.
11 Nov, 2021 | 08:43h | UTCA Randomized Trial of Intravenous Alteplase before Endovascular Treatment for Stroke – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
RCT: In patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, pulmonary congestion, or both, Sacubitril–valsartan was not associated with improved outcomes compared to Ramipril.
11 Nov, 2021 | 08:44h | UTCAngiotensin Receptor–Neprilysin Inhibition in Acute Myocardial Infarction – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
RCT: Effects of ketamine vs. midazolam on neurocognition at 24 hours in depressed patients with suicidal ideation.
11 Nov, 2021 | 08:37h | UTCEffects of Ketamine Versus Midazolam on Neurocognition at 24 Hours in Depressed Patients With Suicidal Ideation – The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
[Press release – not published yet] RCT: Pfizer’s novel Covid-19 oral antiviral treatment candidate reduced risk of hospitalization or death by 89% in interim analysis of phase 2/3 EPIC-HR study.
7 Nov, 2021 | 20:35h | UTCCommentaries:
Pfizer’s Good News Is the World’s Good News – Science
Experimental Pfizer pill prevents Covid hospitalizations and deaths – STAT
Pfizer reports good results against severe COVID-19 for its antiviral pill – CIDRAP
Covid: Pfizer says antiviral pill 89% effective in high-risk cases – BBC
Pfizer says COVID-19 pill cut hospital, death risk by 90% – Associated Press
Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)
Pfizer’s oral protease inhibitor PF-07321332 for #COVID19 Reduced Risk of Hospitalization or Death from 6.7% (41/612) to 1.0% (6/607) when starting within 5 days of symptom onset.
10 vs 0 deaths. #idtwitter https://t.co/ZAIm6Y5mAt— David Boulware, MD MPH (@boulware_dr) November 5, 2021
RCT: In patients with chronic kidney diseases and anemia undergoing dialysis, Daprodustat (oral drug) was noninferior to darbepoetin alfa to increase hemoglobin levels and regarding cardiovascular outcomes.
7 Nov, 2021 | 20:18h | UTCDaprodustat for the Treatment of Anemia in Patients Undergoing Dialysis – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary on Twitter
In this phase 3 clinical trial, daprodustat was effective as a treatment for anemia in patients with CKD who were undergoing maintenance hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. #KidneyWk https://t.co/ykzSsUlJci pic.twitter.com/0zdlMyOlTf
— NEJM (@NEJM) November 5, 2021