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Pediatrics – Public Health

A case-control study showed an increased risk of myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination with a messenger RNA vaccine compared to an inactivated virus vaccine.

25 Jan, 2022 | 09:43h | UTC

Carditis After COVID-19 Vaccination With a Messenger RNA Vaccine and an Inactivated Virus Vaccine: A Case–Control Study – Annals of Internal Medicine

News release: BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine associated with increased risk of carditis – American College of Physicians

Related:

[Preprint] Risk of myocarditis following sequential COVID-19 vaccinations by age and sex.

Risks of myocarditis, pericarditis, and cardiac arrhythmias associated with COVID-19 vaccination vs. SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Case series with 139 adolescents and young adults with suspected myocarditis following mRNA vaccination showed most cases had a mild clinical course and rapid resolution of symptoms.

Heart-inflammation risk from Pfizer COVID vaccine is very low.

Large cohort study with over 2.5 million individuals showed the incidence of myocarditis after the Pfizer vaccine was 2.13 cases per 100,000 persons.

Study with over 5.1 million vaccinated individuals showed the incidence of myocarditis after the receipt of the Pfizer vaccine was low and more common after the second dose in young male recipients.

Large Observational study shows Pfizer Covid vaccine is mostly safe but is associated with increased risk of myocarditis, adenopathy, appendicitis, and herpes zoster.

 

ASH-ASPHO Choosing Wisely Campaign: 5 hematologic tests and treatments to question in children.

25 Jan, 2022 | 09:33h | UTC

The ASH-ASPHO Choosing Wisely Campaign: 5 hematologic tests and treatments to question – Blood Advances

See complete lists of low-value practices: Choosing Wisely U.S. / Choosing Wisely UK / Choosing Wisely Australia AND Choosing Wisely Canada

 

Guidelines on Screen Time and Digital Wellness in Infants, Children and Adolescents – “children below 2 years age should not be exposed to any type of screen, whereas exposure should be limited to a maximum of one hour of supervised screen time per day for children 24-59 months age, and less than two hours per day for children 5-10 years age”.

25 Jan, 2022 | 09:30h | UTC

Indian Academy of Pediatrics Guidelines on Screen Time and Digital Wellness in Infants, Children and Adolescents

Related Guideline: Media and Young Minds – American Academy of Pediatrics

 

Global, regional, and national time trends in mortality for congenital heart disease, 1990–2019: An age-period-cohort analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study.

25 Jan, 2022 | 09:13h | UTC

Global, regional, and national time trends in mortality for congenital heart disease, 1990–2019: An age-period-cohort analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study – EClinicalMedicine

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

WHO advisers weigh in on COVID-19 boosters, Pfizer vaccine in younger kids.

24 Jan, 2022 | 08:35h | UTC

WHO advisers weigh in on COVID-19 boosters, Pfizer vaccine in younger kids – CIDRAP

See also: Interim recommendations for use of the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine, BNT162b2, under Emergency Use Listing – World Health Organization

 

[Preprint] COVID infection severity in children under 5 years old before and after Omicron emergence in the US.

21 Jan, 2022 | 10:04h | UTC

COVID infection severity in children under 5 years old before and after Omicron emergence in the US – medRxiv

Commentary: SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infections milder in children compared to Delta – News Medical

 

Editorial | Long covid in children and adolescents – “Risk appears low, but many questions remain”.

21 Jan, 2022 | 09:58h | UTC

Long covid in children and adolescents – The BMJ

Related:

M-A: Persistent symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection among children and young people – “Higher study quality was associated with lower prevalence of all symptoms, except loss of smell and cognitive symptoms”.

Review: Long COVID symptoms in children rarely persist beyond three months.

Cohort study: long term follow-up showed most patients with post–COVID-19 Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children had good outcomes with no significant medium- or long-term sequelae.

Long COVID: the physical and mental health of children and non-hospitalized young people after SARS-CoV-2 infection – one in seven children may still have symptoms 15 weeks after infection.

Do kids get long COVID? And how often? A pediatrician looks at the data – Children also get Long Covid, but much less often than adults.

Illness duration and symptom profile in symptomatic school-aged children tested for SARS-CoV-2 – “Only 25 (1.8%) of 1379 children experienced symptoms for at least 56 days.”

Long-term Symptoms After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Adolescents – “This study found a low prevalence of symptoms compatible with long COVID in a randomly selected cohort of children assessed 6 months after serologic testing”.

Study shows low incidence of post-acute COVID-19 symptoms (“Long Covid”) in children after mild disease

Cohort study: Risk factors for long covid in previously hospitalized children.

M-A: More than 50 long-term effects of COVID-19.

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Systematic Review: School closures during social lockdown and mental health, health behaviors, and well-being among children and adolescents during the first Covid-19 wave.

19 Jan, 2022 | 09:00h | UTC

School Closures During Social Lockdown and Mental Health, Health Behaviors, and Well-being Among Children and Adolescents During the First COVID-19 Wave: A Systematic Review – JAMA Pediatrics

Editorial: Pandemic Recovery for Children—Beyond Reopening Schools – JAMA Pediatrics

Commentary: More Behavioral Issues Reported in Children When School Is Virtual – Psychiatric News Alert

Related:

M-A: Child and youth mental health problems have doubled during COVID-19.

Adolescents’ recreational screen time doubled during pandemic, affecting mental health.

More data on the harmful effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of adolescents.

COVID has caused ‘mass trauma,’ worsening mental health globally.

COVID’s mental-health toll: how scientists are tracking a surge in depression

CDC Report: Mental health-related emergency department visits among children aged under 18 years raised during the COVID-19 Pandemic

WHO: COVID-19 disrupting mental health services in most countries

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

Measures implemented in the school setting to contain the COVID‐19 pandemic: a rapid review.

18 Jan, 2022 | 09:54h | UTC

Measures implemented in the school setting to contain the COVID‐19 pandemic: a rapid review – Cochrane Library

News Release: Measures implemented in the school setting to contain the COVID-19 pandemic: a rapid review – Cochrane Library

 

Hospital admissions from childhood common infections were largely reduced in England during the pandemic due to control measures for Covid-19.

17 Jan, 2022 | 00:37h | UTC

Indirect effects of the covid-19 pandemic on childhood infection in England: population based observational study – The BMJ

Editorial: Covid-19 control measures and common paediatric infections – The BMJ

News Release: Dramatic fall in hospital admissions for child infections during first year of covid-19 pandemic – BMJ

 

5 years later, researchers assess how children exposed to Zika are developing.

14 Jan, 2022 | 07:53h | UTC

5 years later, researchers assess how children exposed to Zika are developing – NPR

Related: Study: Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities in Children with in Utero Zika Virus Exposure Without Congenital Zika Syndrome

 

Observational study in adolescents showed the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine had an overall effectiveness of 94% against hospitalization and 98% against critical Covid-19.

13 Jan, 2022 | 09:00h | UTC

Effectiveness of BNT162b2 Vaccine against Critical Covid-19 in Adolescents – New England Journal of Medicine

Editorial: Sparing of Severe Covid-19 in Vaccinated Adolescents – New England Journal of Medicine

 

The COVID generation: how is the pandemic affecting kids’ brains?

13 Jan, 2022 | 08:53h | UTC

The COVID generation: how is the pandemic affecting kids’ brains? – Nature

 

CDC Report: COVID-19 vaccine safety in children aged 5–11 Years.

9 Jan, 2022 | 01:09h | UTC

COVID-19 Vaccine Safety in Children Aged 5–11 Years — United States, November 3–December 19, 2021 – CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

Commentary: COVID-19 vaccine appears safe in children aged 5–11 Years – News Medical

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

New CDC Guidance shortens isolation and quarantine period for Covid-19; patients that tested positive should isolate for 5 days and, if asymptomatic after this period, can leave isolation if they can continue to mask for 5 days to minimize the risk of infecting others.

9 Jan, 2022 | 01:13h | UTC

CDC Updates and Shortens Recommended Isolation and Quarantine Period for General Population – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

See also: Quarantine and Isolation – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Commentaries:

Facing criticism, CDC updates Covid-19 isolation recommendations with guidance on testing – CNN

CDC posts rationale for shorter isolation, quarantine – Associated Press

Covid-19: CDC shortens isolation period as US cases hit record high – The BMJ

Shortened CDC COVID isolation guide draws sharply mixed reviews – CIDRAP

New CDC isolation guidelines raise concerns among health experts – NPR

CDC Reduces Recommended Isolation Time for People With COVID-19 – HealthDay

COVID isolation and quarantine period for general population shortened by CDC – News Medical

CDC shortens recommended Covid-19 isolation and quarantine time – CNN

CDC cuts the recommended isolation and quarantine periods for coronavirus infections – NPR

US officials recommend shorter COVID isolation, quarantine – Associated Press

See new recommendations from other countries:

France cuts isolation times and plans crackdown on unvaccinated amid record surge in Covid cases – CNN

Covid: Self-isolation cut from 10 days to seven with negative tests – BBC

 

CDC Study: A test to stay strategy (allowing close contacts with masked COVID-19 exposures to remain in school) was very efficacious in preventing further school spread and allowed children to stay in the classroom as an alternative to home quarantine.

9 Jan, 2022 | 01:07h | UTC

Evaluation of Test to Stay Strategy on Secondary and Tertiary Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in K–12 Schools — Lake County, Illinois, August 9–October 29, 2021 – CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

Related CDC Study: Evaluation of a Test to Stay Strategy in Transitional Kindergarten Through Grade 12 Schools — Los Angeles County, California, August 16–October 31, 2021 – CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

Related CDC Guidance:

What You Should Know About COVID-19 Testing in Schools – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Science Brief: Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in K-12 Schools and Early Care and Education Programs – Updated – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Commentary: ‘Test-to-stay’ works to keep students in school safely, CDC director says – CNN

Related:

Instead of quarantine for Covid-exposed students, some schools are trying test-to-stay.

Cluster RCT: Daily contact testing of school-based contacts was non-inferior to self-isolation for control of COVID-19 transmission.

Kids are losing school days to quarantines. Here’s a way to keep them in classrooms – “Test-to-stay could dramatically reduce close contact quarantines”.

Opinion | Data from routine Covid testing can help schools stay open this year.

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

[Preprint] Risk of myocarditis following sequential COVID-19 vaccinations by age and sex.

9 Jan, 2022 | 01:05h | UTC

Risk of myocarditis following sequential COVID-19 vaccinations by age and sex – medRxiv

Commentary: An evaluation of the association between COVID vaccination and myocarditis in 42 million people aged 13 or older – News Medical

Note: this study is an updated analysis of a recent study published in Nature Medicine; see below:

Risks of myocarditis, pericarditis, and cardiac arrhythmias associated with COVID-19 vaccination vs. SARS-CoV-2 infection.

 

New AAP Guidance recommends routine HIV screening to all youth 15 years or older.

8 Jan, 2022 | 23:13h | UTC

Adolescents and Young Adults: The Pediatrician’s Role in HIV Testing and Pre- and Postexposure HIV Prophylaxis – Pediatrics

Commentary: Pediatricians Can Play Key Role in HIV Testing, Prophylaxis – HealthDay

 

RCT: Low-cost, easy to take antiretroviral treatment based on Dolutegravir as first- or second-Line therapy found to be non-inferior to standard care for treating HIV-1 infection in children.

8 Jan, 2022 | 23:07h | UTC

Dolutegravir as First- or Second-Line Treatment for HIV-1 Infection in Children – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: Easy-to-take medicine better at suppressing HIV in children – University College London

 

Commentaries on Twitter

 

Risks of myocarditis, pericarditis, and cardiac arrhythmias associated with COVID-19 vaccination vs. SARS-CoV-2 infection.

15 Dec, 2021 | 08:43h | UTC

Risks of myocarditis, pericarditis, and cardiac arrhythmias associated with COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection – Nature Medicine

News release: COVID-19 infection, more likely than vaccines, to cause rare cardiovascular complications – University of Oxford

 

Commentaries on Twitter

 

[Preprint] Risk of Hospitalization, severe disease, and mortality due to COVID-19 in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Germany – “overall hospitalization rate associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection was 35.9 per 10,000 children, ICU admission rate was 1.7 per 10,000 and case fatality was 0.09 per 10,000”.

8 Dec, 2021 | 10:18h | UTC

Risk of Hospitalization, severe disease, and mortality due to COVID-19 and PIMS-TS in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Germany – medRxiv

Related:

Editorial: COVID-19 vaccines for children – “Although it is true that most children experience asymptomatic or mild disease, some will get quite sick, and a small number will die. It’s why children are vaccinated against influenza, meningitis, chickenpox, and hepatitis”.

Review: Should children under 12 years of age be vaccinated against COVID-19?

Deaths in children and young people in England after SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first pandemic year – “In total, 99.995% of children and young people with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test survived”.

 

AAP Clinical Report | Tuberculosis Infection in Children and Adolescents.

2 Dec, 2021 | 09:58h | UTC

Tuberculosis Infection in Children and Adolescents: Testing and Treatment – Pediatrics

 

AAP Clinical Report: Promoting the participation of children and adolescents with disabilities in sports, recreation, and physical activity.

1 Dec, 2021 | 08:48h | UTC

Promoting the Participation of Children and Adolescents With Disabilities in Sports, Recreation, and Physical Activity – Pediatrics

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

EMA recommends approval of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine for children aged 5 to 11.

26 Nov, 2021 | 08:47h | UTC

Comirnaty COVID-19 vaccine: EMA recommends approval for children aged 5 to 11 – European Medicines Agency

Related:

RCT: Pfizer vaccine shows 90.7% efficacy for preventing Covid-19 in children 5 to 11 years of age.

What COVID vaccines for young kids could mean for the pandemic.

CDC advisers endorse Pfizer’s Covid-19 vaccine for kids 5-11.

FDA advisory panel recommends Pfizer Covid-19 vaccine be authorized for children ages 5 to 11.

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

M-A: Persistent symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection among children and young people – “Higher study quality was associated with lower prevalence of all symptoms, except loss of smell and cognitive symptoms”.

26 Nov, 2021 | 08:35h | UTC

Persistent symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection among children and young people: a meta-analysis of controlled and uncontrolled studies – Journal of Infection

Related:

Review: Long COVID symptoms in children rarely persist beyond three months.

Cohort study: long term follow-up showed most patients with post–COVID-19 Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children had good outcomes with no significant medium- or long-term sequelae.

Long COVID: the physical and mental health of children and non-hospitalized young people after SARS-CoV-2 infection – one in seven children may still have symptoms 15 weeks after infection.

Do kids get long COVID? And how often? A pediatrician looks at the data – Children also get Long Covid, but much less often than adults.

Illness duration and symptom profile in symptomatic school-aged children tested for SARS-CoV-2 – “Only 25 (1.8%) of 1379 children experienced symptoms for at least 56 days.”

Long-term Symptoms After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Adolescents – “This study found a low prevalence of symptoms compatible with long COVID in a randomly selected cohort of children assessed 6 months after serologic testing”.

Study shows low incidence of post-acute COVID-19 symptoms (“Long Covid”) in children after mild disease

Cohort study: Risk factors for long covid in previously hospitalized children.

M-A: More than 50 long-term effects of COVID-19.

 

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