Pediatrics – Infectious Diseases | Page 7 of 19 | Links Medicus Content Curation & Alerts in Medicine

Report from Alabama of acute hepatitis & adenovirus infection in young kids, Oct 21-Feb 22. 9 cases, all had adenovirus, 5/5 tested +ve for Adenovirus type 41. No epi links found. All under 6 yrs of age, immunocompetent, & no significant comorbidities. https://t.co/DcgcfN3KHo

— Andrew Lee (@andrewleedr) April 29, 2022

New report from @CDCMMWR on the 9 episodes of severe acute hepatitis in children from Alabama

All 9 positive for Adenovirus on whole blood PCR (all 5 samples sequences were type 41)

None PCR positive for #SARSCoV2

HT @tonisoriano66 https://t.co/h9LmHeVHEf

— Alasdair Munro (@apsmunro) April 29, 2022

ECDC publishes Rapid Risk Assessment – Increase in severe acute hepatitis cases of unknown etiology in children.

2 May, 2022 | 00:44h | UTC

ECDC publishes Rapid Risk Assessment – Increase in severe acute hepatitis cases of unknown aetiology in children – European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control

The CDC and WHO Have Reported an Unusual Cluster of Severe Pediatric Hepatitis Cases – Science-Based Medicine

Investigation into acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology in children in England Technical briefing – UK Health Security Agency

Multi-Country – Acute, severe hepatitis of unknown origin in children – World Health Organization

WHO says 12 countries have reported unusual cases of hepatitis in kids – STAT

CDC Alerts Providers to Hepatitis Cases of Unknown Origin – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Recommendations for Adenovirus Testing and Reporting of Children with Acute Hepatitis of Unknown Etiology – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Could Mysterious Hepatitis Cases be Triggered by COVID-19? – Health Policy Watch

Increase in hepatitis (liver inflammation) cases in children under investigation – UK Health Security Agency

U.S., U.K. investigating unusual cases of hepatitis in young children – STAT

Acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology – the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland – World Health Organization

Increase in acute hepatitis of unknown origin among children – United Kingdom – European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control

Mysterious liver illness seen in kids in US, Europe – Associated Press

M-A: Early neurodevelopment of HIV-exposed uninfected children in the era of antiretroviral therapy.

1 May, 2022 | 23:09h | UTC

Early neurodevelopment of HIV-exposed uninfected children in the era of antiretroviral therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis – The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health

RCT: Extended vs. standard antibiotic course duration in children below 5 years of age hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia in high-risk settings.

29 Apr, 2022 | 11:16h | UTC

Extended Versus Standard Antibiotic Course Duration in Children <5 Years of Age Hospitalized With Community-acquired Pneumonia in High-risk Settings: Four-week Outcomes of a Multicenter, Double-blind, Parallel, Superiority Randomized Controlled Trial – The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

Short- vs Standard-Course Outpatient Antibiotic Therapy for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children: The SCOUT-CAP Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Pediatrics

Appropriate Use of Short-Course Antibiotics in Common Infections: Best Practice Advice From the American College of Physicians – Annals of Internal Medicine

Short-Course Antimicrobial Therapy for Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia: The SAFER Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Pediatrics

Effect of Amoxicillin Dose and Treatment Duration on the Need for Antibiotic Re-treatment in Children With Community-Acquired Pneumonia: The CAP-IT Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA

Treatment of UTIs in Infants <2 Months: A Living Systematic Review – Hospital Pediatrics

Effect of 7 vs 14 Days of Antibiotic Therapy on Resolution of Symptoms Among Afebrile Men With Urinary Tract Infection: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA

Seven versus fourteen Days of Antibiotic Therapy for uncomplicated Gram-negative Bacteremia: a Non-inferiority Randomized Controlled Trial – Clinical Infectious Diseases

Efficacy of short-course antibiotic treatments for community-acquired pneumonia in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis – Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Commentary on Twitter

15th RCT of short course therapy for CAP just published, this one another peds study (3 mo to <5 yr). 5-6 d vs. 14 days. Guess what the outcome was??? Updated tables will be tweeted out soon!@ABsteward @DoctorRachael @medrants https://t.co/br4WAEXAzJ

— Brad Spellberg (@BradSpellberg) April 28, 2022

Phase 2b trial: Prefusion F protein–based respiratory syncytial virus immunization in pregnancy.

28 Apr, 2022 | 08:09h | UTC

Prefusion F Protein–Based Respiratory Syncytial Virus Immunization in Pregnancy – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: RSV Prefusion F Protein-Based Immunization Studied in Pregnancy – HealthDay

Commentary on Twitter

In pregnant women, RSVpreF vaccine elicited neutralizing antibody responses with efficient transplacental transfer and without evident safety concerns. https://t.co/r8oktZmBZQ pic.twitter.com/UE7ffxYJW6

— NEJM (@NEJM) April 27, 2022

Report: Investigation into acute hepatitis of unknown etiology in children in England.

27 Apr, 2022 | 08:08h | UTC

Investigation into acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology in children in England Technical briefing – UK Health Security Agency

Multi-Country – Acute, severe hepatitis of unknown origin in children – World Health Organization

WHO says 12 countries have reported unusual cases of hepatitis in kids – STAT

CDC Alerts Providers to Hepatitis Cases of Unknown Origin – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Recommendations for Adenovirus Testing and Reporting of Children with Acute Hepatitis of Unknown Etiology – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Could Mysterious Hepatitis Cases be Triggered by COVID-19? – Health Policy Watch

Increase in hepatitis (liver inflammation) cases in children under investigation – UK Health Security Agency

U.S., U.K. investigating unusual cases of hepatitis in young children – STAT

Acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology – the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland – World Health Organization

Increase in acute hepatitis of unknown origin among children – United Kingdom – European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control

Mysterious liver illness seen in kids in US, Europe – Associated Press

Commentary on Twitter

A comprehensive technical report is now available on the cases of hepatitis in young children

Leading hypothesis still Adenovirus, often only positive in blood

Of note, in cases where transplant was required virus levels were 12x higher than other caseshttps://t.co/VMk1qoIyNb

— Alasdair Munro (@apsmunro) April 26, 2022

WHO: Multi-country – acute, severe hepatitis of unknown origin in children.

25 Apr, 2022 | 01:13h | UTC

Multi-Country – Acute, severe hepatitis of unknown origin in children – World Health Organization

Commentaries:

WHO says 12 countries have reported unusual cases of hepatitis in kids – STAT

At least one child has died from mystery strain of severe hepatitis, WHO confirms – The Guardian

CDC Alerts Providers to Hepatitis Cases of Unknown Origin – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention AND Guidance: Recommendations for Adenovirus Testing and Reporting of Children with Acute Hepatitis of Unknown Etiology – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Could Mysterious Hepatitis Cases be Triggered by COVID-19? – Health Policy Watch

Increase in hepatitis (liver inflammation) cases in children under investigation – UK Health Security Agency

U.S., U.K. investigating unusual cases of hepatitis in young children – STAT

Acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology – the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland – World Health Organization

Increase in acute hepatitis of unknown origin among children – United Kingdom – European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control

Mysterious liver illness seen in kids in US, Europe – Associated Press

CDC alerts providers to hepatitis cases of unknown origin.

22 Apr, 2022 | 09:34h | UTC

News Release: CDC Alerts Providers to Hepatitis Cases of Unknown Origin – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

See Guidance: Recommendations for Adenovirus Testing and Reporting of Children with Acute Hepatitis of Unknown Etiology – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Commentaries:

CDC issues health advisory about acute hepatitis in children – CNN

CDC Issues Alert for Hepatitis in Children With Adenovirus Infection – WebMD

Could Mysterious Hepatitis Cases be Triggered by COVID-19? – Health Policy Watch

Increase in hepatitis (liver inflammation) cases in children under investigation – UK Health Security Agency

U.S., U.K. investigating unusual cases of hepatitis in young children – STAT

Acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology – the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland – World Health Organization

Increase in acute hepatitis of unknown origin among children – United Kingdom – European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control

Mysterious liver illness seen in kids in US, Europe – Associated Press

Studies highlight meningitis vaccine’s potential against gonorrhea.

20 Apr, 2022 | 10:06h | UTC

Commentary: Studies highlight meningitis vaccine’s potential against gonorrhea – CIDRAP

News Release: Threat of untreatable gonorrhoea could be tackled using an existing meningitis vaccine – The Lancet

Study 1: Effectiveness of a serogroup B outer membrane vesicle meningococcal vaccine against gonorrhoea: a retrospective observational study – The Lancet Infectious Diseases (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Study 2: Effectiveness and impact of the 4CMenB vaccine against invasive serogroup B meningococcal disease and gonorrhoea in an infant, child, and adolescent programme: an observational cohort and case-control study – The Lancet Infectious Diseases (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Study 3: Public health impact and cost-effectiveness of gonorrhoea vaccination: an integrated transmission-dynamic health-economic modelling analysis – The Lancet Infectious Diseases

M-A: Invasive group A streptococcal disease in pregnant women and young children.

20 Apr, 2022 | 09:05h | UTC

Invasive group A streptococcal disease in pregnant women and young children: a systematic review and meta-analysis – The Lancet Infectious Diseases

Invited Commentary: Recognising group A streptococcal disease in pregnancy – The Lancet Infectious Diseases (free registration required)

Systematic Review: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for acute bronchiolitis in children.

20 Apr, 2022 | 09:02h | UTC

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for acute bronchiolitis in children – Cochrane Library

Summary: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for acute bronchiolitis in children – Cochrane Library

Public health doctors and scientists are investigating 74 cases of hepatitis in children living in the UK that were not caused by hepatitis A to E virus.

18 Apr, 2022 | 10:56h | UTC

Increase in hepatitis (liver inflammation) cases in children under investigation – UK Health Security Agency

Commentaries:

U.S., U.K. investigating unusual cases of hepatitis in young children – STAT

Acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology – the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland – World Health Organization

Increase in acute hepatitis of unknown origin among children – United Kingdom – European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control

Mysterious liver illness seen in kids in US, Europe – Associated Press

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

An update on hepatitis cases in children:

We are continuing to investigate 74 cases of hepatitis (liver inflammation) in children in the UK since January 2022. 1/2

— UK Health Security Agency (@UKHSA) April 12, 2022

Study showed low rates of severe COVID-19 in children hospitalized with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.

14 Apr, 2022 | 08:49h | UTC

Very low rates of severe COVID-19 in children hospitalised with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in London, England – Journal of Infection

Commentary: Severe COVID-19 extremely rare among children – News Medical

[Preprint] Risk of Hospitalization, severe disease, and mortality due to COVID-19 in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Germany – “overall hospitalization rate associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection was 35.9 per 10,000 children, ICU admission rate was 1.7 per 10,000 and case fatality was 0.09 per 10,000”.

Deaths in children and young people in England after SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first pandemic year – “In total, 99.995% of children and young people with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test survived”.

Editorial: COVID-19 vaccines for children – “Although it is true that most children experience asymptomatic or mild disease, some will get quite sick, and a small number will die. It’s why children are vaccinated against influenza, meningitis, chickenpox, and hepatitis”.

COVID-19 disease severity in children infected with the Omicron variant.

Risk factors for PICU admission and death among children and young people hospitalized with COVID-19 and PIMS-TS in England during the first pandemic year.

Study identifies risk factors for severe CoviD-19 in children.

A nationwide cohort study in Denmark showed Long Covid in children is rare and mainly of short duration.

International study identifies predictors of severe outcomes in children with COVID-19.

RCT: Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of an inactivated, adjuvanted enterovirus 71 vaccine in infants and children.

14 Apr, 2022 | 08:43h | UTC

Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of an inactivated, adjuvanted enterovirus 71 vaccine in infants and children: a multiregion, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial – The Lancet (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

M-A: Adverse perinatal outcomes associated with protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy in pregnant women living with HIV.

13 Apr, 2022 | 10:18h | UTC

Adverse perinatal outcomes associated with protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy in pregnant women living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis – EClinicalMedicine

News Release: Protease inhibitors safer than thought for pregnant women with HIV – University of Oxford

Cohort Study: Risk of adverse events after covid-19 in Danish children and adolescents and effectiveness of the Pfizer vaccine in adolescents.

12 Apr, 2022 | 10:07h | UTC

Risk of adverse events after covid-19 in Danish children and adolescents and effectiveness of BNT162b2 in adolescents: cohort study – The BMJ

RCT: Single-dose HPV vaccination found effective among young African women.

12 Apr, 2022 | 10:08h | UTC

Efficacy of Single-Dose Human Papillomavirus Vaccination among Young African Women – NEJM Evidence

News Releases:

Study boosts support for single-dose HPV vaccine regimen – University of Washington

One-dose Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine offers solid protection against cervical cancer – World Health Organization

Three-year follow-up of 2-dose versus 3-dose HPV vaccine

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

? GAME CHANGER ?
One-dose Human Papillomavirus (#HPV) vaccine offers solid protection against cervical cancer: WHO https://t.co/3uWlZlCCVK pic.twitter.com/ZKDvpf2qog

— World Health Organization (WHO) (@WHO) April 11, 2022

AHA Scientific Statement: SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated cardiovascular manifestations and complications in children and young adults.

12 Apr, 2022 | 09:59h | UTC

SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Associated Cardiovascular Manifestations and Complications in Children and Young Adults: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association – Circulation

News Release: Heart issues after COVID-19 uncommon in children and young adults, more research needed – American Heart Association

Commentary: COVID-19 CV Complications in Children Are Rare, Treatable: AHA Statement – TCTMD

Cohort Study: Predictors of severe illness in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

12 Apr, 2022 | 09:57h | UTC

Predictors of severe illness in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection: a multicentre cohort study – Canadian Medical Association Journal

News Release: Children older than 5 at higher risk of COVID-19-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome – Canadian Medical Association Journal

Commentary: Older Kids More Vulnerable to MIS-C: Study – HealthDay

COVID-19 disease severity in children infected with the Omicron variant.

12 Apr, 2022 | 09:47h | UTC

COVID-19 Disease Severity in Children Infected with the Omicron Variant – Clinical Infectious Diseases

Commentary on Twitter

COVID-19 Disease Severity in Children Infected with Omicron
Among Delta infected
84.2% had mild
15.7% had moderate
0.1% had severe/critical disease
Among Omicron infected
97.8% had mild
2.2% had moderate
None had severe/critical disease (P < .001 https://t.co/ZHhVpY8LuG

— Antibiotic Steward Bassam Ghanem?? (@ABsteward) April 11, 2022

Long COVID in children: a modified Delphi process.

8 Apr, 2022 | 10:40h | UTC

Long COVID (post-COVID-19 condition) in children: a modified Delphi process – Archives of Disease in Childhood

First research definition for ‘Long COVID’ in kids and young people formally agreed.

Cohort Study: Physical and mental health 3 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection (long COVID) among adolescents in England.

A nationwide cohort study in Denmark showed Long Covid in children is rare and mainly of short duration.

E ditorial | Long covid in children and adolescents – “Risk appears low, but many questions remain”.

M-A: Persistent symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection among children and young people – “Higher study quality was associated with lower prevalence of all symptoms, except loss of smell and cognitive symptoms”.

Review: Long COVID symptoms in children rarely persist beyond three months.

Cohort study: long term follow-up showed most patients with post–COVID-19 Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children had good outcomes with no significant medium- or long-term sequelae.

Do kids get long COVID? And how often? A pediatrician looks at the data – Children also get Long Covid, but much less often than adults.

Illness duration and symptom profile in symptomatic school-aged children tested for SARS-CoV-2 – “Only 25 (1.8%) of 1379 children experienced symptoms for at least 56 days.”

Long-term Symptoms After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Adolescents – “This study found a low prevalence of symptoms compatible with long COVID in a randomly selected cohort of children assessed 6 months after serologic testing”.

Study shows low incidence of post-acute COVID-19 symptoms (“Long Covid”) in children after mild disease

Cohort Study: Incidence rates and clinical outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection with the Omicron and Delta variants in children younger than 5 years in the US.

6 Apr, 2022 | 10:52h | UTC

Incidence Rates and Clinical Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 Infection With the Omicron and Delta Variants in Children Younger Than 5 Years in the US – JAMA Pediatrics

Commentary: Omicron ‘less severe’ than Delta for children ages 4 and younger, study suggests – Case Western Reserve University

Commentary on Twitter

In this cohort study, the incidence rate of #SARSCoV2 infection with Omicron variant was 6 to 8 times that of Delta variant in children younger than 5 years, but severe clinical outcomes were less frequent than with Delta variant. https://t.co/UKiMEznXtX

— JAMA Pediatrics (@JAMAPediatrics) April 1, 2022

Study finds mother-to-child transmission of COVID-19 infection is possible but rare.

1 Apr, 2022 | 09:52h | UTC

News Release: Mother to child transmission of COVID-19 infection, possible but rare, study finds – University of Birmingham

Original Study: SARS-CoV-2 positivity in offspring and timing of mother-to-child transmission: living systematic review and meta-analysis – The BMJ

Editorial: Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from mother to baby is rare

Commentary on Twitter

Mother-to-child transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has been controversial. Our living systematic review & meta-analysis has just been published in BMJ. Transmission has been confirmed, although it is rare, & is more likely when the maternal COVID-19 is severe.https://t.co/Z15kFIk6Zp

— Asma Khalil (@ProfAsmaKhalil) March 19, 2022

Risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfections in children: a prospective national surveillance study in England.

31 Mar, 2022 | 08:29h | UTC

Risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfections in children: a prospective national surveillance study between January, 2020, and July, 2021, in England – The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health

Invited Commentary: Importance of understanding the reinfection risk of COVID-19 in children – The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health

Commentary on Twitter

Everything we know about #SARSCoV2 tells us that first infection reduces (but doesn’t eliminate) the risk & SEVERITY of further infections, even with new variants. Here is our paper showing this with delta reinfections in kids (work on omicron reinfections in progress)? https://t.co/3gDPBHRu18

— Shamez Ladhani (@ShamezLadhani) March 30, 2022

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