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Antibiotic Stewardship

Understanding the Host in the Management of Pneumonia. An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report.

12 Jul, 2021 | 01:41h | UTC

Understanding the Host in the Management of Pneumonia. An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report – Annals of the American Thoracic Society

 

RCT: Another study shows that non-antibiotic outpatient treatment in mild acute diverticulitis is safe.

12 Jul, 2021 | 01:29h | UTC

Efficacy and Safety of Non-Antibiotic Outpatient Treatment in Mild Acute Diverticulitis (DINAMO-study): A Multicentre, Randomised, Open-Label, Non-Inferiority Trial – Annals of Surgery (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Related: State of the Art Review: Management of colonic diverticulitis AND Treatment of Uncomplicated Acute Diverticulitis Without Antibiotics: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis – Diseases of the Colon & Rectum AND Antibiotics Do Not Reduce Length of Hospital Stay for Uncomplicated Diverticulitis in a Pragmatic Double-Blind Randomized Trial – Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology AND Randomized Trial: Antibiotic Avoidance Associated with Similar Long-term Outcomes in Uncomplicated Diverticulitis

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

M-A: Acid suppression medications during hospitalization is a risk factor for recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection.

9 Jul, 2021 | 09:59h | UTC

Acid Suppression Medications During Hospitalization as a Risk Factor for Recurrence of Clostridioides difficile Infection: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis – Clinical Infectious Diseases

 

M-A: Comparative efficacy and safety of vancomycin, linezolid, tedizolid, and daptomycin in treating patients with suspected or proven complicated skin and soft tissue infections.

9 Jul, 2021 | 09:57h | UTC

Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Vancomycin, Linezolid, Tedizolid, and Daptomycin in Treating Patients with Suspected or Proven Complicated Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: An Updated Network Meta-Analysis – Infectious Diseases and Therapy

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Antibiotic resistance during and beyond COVID-19.

8 Jul, 2021 | 09:09h | UTC

Antibiotic resistance during and beyond COVID-19 – JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance

 

Study Commentary: Febrile Neutropenia – Procalcitonin vs. MASCC Score.

8 Jul, 2021 | 08:57h | UTC

Febrile Neutropenia – Procalcitonin vs MASCC Score – Journal Feed

Original study: Prognostic Value of Serum Procalcitonin Levels in Patients With Febrile Neutropenia Presenting to the Emergency Department – The Journal of Emergency Medicine

 

M-A: Are antimicrobial stewardship interventions effective and safe in long-term care facilities?

8 Jul, 2021 | 08:52h | UTC

Are antimicrobial stewardship interventions effective and safe in long-term care facilities? A systematic review and meta-analysis – Clinical Microbiology and Infection

 

RCT: An antibiotic-prescribing feedback to high-volume primary care physicians led to significant reductions in total and prolonged-duration antibiotic prescriptions, as well as drug costs.

7 Jul, 2021 | 08:47h | UTC

Effect of Antibiotic-Prescribing Feedback to High-Volume Primary Care Physicians on Number of Antibiotic Prescriptions: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Internal Medicine (free for a limited period)

Commentary: Studies highlight impact of clinician feedback on antibiotic prescribing – CIDRAP

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

IDSA Updated Covid-19 Guidance: Co-Infection and Antimicrobial Stewardship – “bacterial coinfections with SARS-CoV-2 infection are relatively infrequent (likely occurring in less than 10% of hospitalized COVID-19 patients)”.

28 Jun, 2021 | 09:51h | UTC

Co-Infection and Antimicrobial Stewardship – Infectious Diseases Society of America

Related: Another study shows a high frequency of antibiotic use among patients hospitalized with Covid-19 (85.2%), despite low rates of confirmed secondary bacterial infections.

 

Taskforce report on the diagnosis and clinical management of COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis.

25 Jun, 2021 | 10:37h | UTC

Taskforce report on the diagnosis and clinical management of COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis – Intensive Care Medicine

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

RCT: Doxycycline for 7 days superior to single-dose azithromycin for the treatment of rectal chlamydia infection.

25 Jun, 2021 | 10:19h | UTC

Azithromycin or Doxycycline for Asymptomatic Rectal Chlamydia trachomatis – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: Doxycycline Superior to Azithromycin for Asymptomatic Rectal Chlamydia in Men – Physician’s Weekly

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

IDSA 2021 focused update guidelines on the management of Clostridioides difficile infection in adults.

25 Jun, 2021 | 10:17h | UTC

Clinical Practice Guideline by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA): 2021 Focused Update Guidelines on Management of Clostridioides difficile Infection in Adults – Clinical Infectious Diseases

News release: IDSA And SHEA Release New Guidelines for Managing Clostridium Difficile Infection – Infectious Diseases Society of America

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Review | My Treatment Approach to Clostridioides difficile Infection.

24 Jun, 2021 | 09:47h | UTC

My Treatment Approach to Clostridioides difficile Infection – Mayo Clinic Proceedings

 

WHO Report: Global antimicrobial resistance and use surveillance system.

11 Jun, 2021 | 08:22h | UTC

Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) Report: 2021 – World Health Organization

News Release: Record response to WHO’s call for antimicrobial resistance surveillance reports in 2020 – World Health Organization

Commentary: WHO reveals new global antibiotic resistance data, more concerns – CIDRAP

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

Time-to-positivity in bloodstream infection is not a prognostic marker for mortality: analysis of a prospective multicenter randomized control trial.

8 Jun, 2021 | 09:21h | UTC

Time-to-positivity in bloodstream infection is not a prognostic marker for mortality: analysis of a prospective multicentre randomised control trial – Clinical Microbiology and Infections

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Opinion | “Doctors have been blamed for the rise in black fungus in India, but the COVID treatment guidelines could be contributing” – improper use of antibiotics and higher than usual doses of corticosteroids may be contributing to the emergence of mucormycosis and other fungal co-infections.

6 Jun, 2021 | 23:48h | UTC

Doctors have been blamed for the rise in black fungus in India, but the COVID treatment guidelines could be contributing – The Conversation

See also: Rising incidence of mucormycosis in patients with COVID-19: another challenge for India amidst the second wave? – The Lancet Respiratory Medicine

Related: The Emergence of COVID-19 Associated Mucormycosis: Analysis of Cases From 18 Countries – The Lancet AND What Is ‘Black Fungus’? And Why Is It Spreading Among India’s COVID Patients? – NPR AND Mucormycosis: The ‘black fungus’ maiming Covid patients in India AND What is mucormycosis, the fungal infection affecting COVID patients in India? – The Conversation

 

Another study shows a high frequency of antibiotic use among patients hospitalized with Covid-19 (85.2%), despite low rates of confirmed secondary bacterial infections.

4 Jun, 2021 | 10:43h | UTC

Co-infections, secondary infections, and antimicrobial use in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 during the first pandemic wave from the ISARIC WHO CCP-UK study: a multicentre, prospective cohort study – The Lancet Microbe

Commentaries: Very high use of antibiotics in COVID-19 treatment could be reduced – University of Glasgow AND More evidence of frequent antibiotic use noted in COVID patients – CIDRAP AND Covid-19: Antimicrobial use was high during first wave despite bacterial co-infections being rare, study finds – The BMJ

Related: Many hospitalized Covid-19 patients are given antibiotics. That’s a problem – STAT

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

Guideline | Primary prophylaxis of bacterial infections and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with hematologic malignancies and solid tumors.

31 May, 2021 | 08:09h | UTC

Primary prophylaxis of bacterial infections and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with hematologic malignancies and solid tumors: 2020 updated guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the German Society of Hematology and Medical Oncology (AGIHO/DGHO) – Annals of Hematology

 

RCT: Among children with protracted bacterial bronchitis, a 4-week course of amoxicillin–clavulanate is not better than a 2-week course in achieving clinical cure by 28 days.

31 May, 2021 | 08:02h | UTC

Duration of amoxicillin-clavulanate for protracted bacterial bronchitis in children (DACS): a multi-centre, double blind, randomised controlled trial – The Lancet Respiratory Medicine

Commentary: Four weeks of antibiotics for kids’ chronic cough no better than 2, study finds – CIDRAP

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Observational study suggests ceftriaxone is similarly effective to benzylpenicillin for the treatment of neurosyphilis, potentially decreasing the length of hospital stay (mean 13.8 days vs. 8.9 days).

31 May, 2021 | 08:06h | UTC

Ceftriaxone compared with benzylpenicillin in the treatment of neurosyphilis in France: a retrospective multicentre study – The Lancet Infectious Diseases (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

RCT: Among patients with prosthetic joint infection, antibiotic therapy for 6 weeks was NOT shown to be noninferior to antibiotic therapy for 12 weeks and resulted in a higher percentage of patients with unfavorable outcomes.

27 May, 2021 | 08:20h | UTC

Antibiotic Therapy for 6 or 12 Weeks for Prosthetic Joint Infection – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

M-A: Prevalence and outcomes of co-infection and superinfection with SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens – The pooled prevalence of co-infection at the time of a SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis was 19%, and that of superinfection was 24%.

21 May, 2021 | 08:48h | UTC

Prevalence and outcomes of co-infection and superinfection with SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens: A systematic review and meta-analysis – PLOS One

 

A pharmacist-led penicillin allergy assessment program can delabel many “penicillin allergic” patients through allergy histories and penicillin skin testing. The program was associated with reduced use of high Clostridioides difficile infection–risk antibiotics.

20 May, 2021 | 08:30h | UTC

Evaluation of a Pharmacist-Led Penicillin Allergy Assessment Program and Allergy Delabeling in a Tertiary Care Hospital – JAMA Network Open

 

Commentaries on Twitter

 

M-A: Compared to cefazolin alone, pre-incision cefazolin + adjunctive prophylaxis with macrolides or metronidazole significantly reduces the incidence of post-cesarean surgical site infection and hospital stay.

20 May, 2021 | 08:19h | UTC

Pre-incision Adjunctive Prophylaxis for Cesarean Sections: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis – American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

M-A: Incidence and mortality of COVID‐19‐associated pulmonary aspergillosis – The incidence and mortality in the ICU were estimated to be 10.2% and 54.9%, respectively.

18 May, 2021 | 07:50h | UTC

Incidence and mortality of COVID‐19‐associated pulmonary aspergillosis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis – Mycoses

 

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