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Antibiotic Stewardship

Registry study in Denmark found an increased bleeding risk with the association of systemic Fluconazole and Apixaban (OR 3.5; 95% CI, 1.4-10.6).

1 Feb, 2022 | 08:13h | UTC

Bleeding Risk Following Systemic Fluconazole or Topical Azoles in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation on Apixaban, Rivaroxaban, or Dabigatran – American Journal of Medicine

 

European Consensus: Prevention of periprosthetic joint infection in total hip and knee replacement.

30 Jan, 2022 | 14:17h | UTC

Prevention of Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Total Hip and Knee Replacement: One European Consensus – Journal of Clinical Medicine

 

M-A: Helicobacter pylori eradication may result in modest improvement in functional dyspepsia.

30 Jan, 2022 | 14:01h | UTC

Efficacy of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy for functional dyspepsia: updated systematic review and meta-analysis – Gut (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: H. pylori eradication therapy may lead to better outcomes for functional dyspepsia – ACP Gastroenterology

 

A nationwide, population-based case-control study showed dentist’s visits were not associated with increased risk of brain abscess.

28 Jan, 2022 | 07:58h | UTC

Dentist’s visits and risk of brain abscess: a nationwide, population-based case control study – Clinical Infectious Diseases (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

A registry study with 1,581 cases of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia blood and/or lower respiratory infections suggest Levofloxacin is a reasonable alternative to standard therapy with Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

26 Jan, 2022 | 01:40h | UTC

Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole versus Levofloxacin for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Infections: A Retrospective Comparative Effectiveness Study of Electronic Health Records from 154 U.S. Hospitals – Open Forum Infectious Diseases

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Systematic Review: Short intravenous antibiotic courses for urinary infections in young infants.

26 Jan, 2022 | 01:24h | UTC

Short Intravenous Antibiotic Courses for Urinary Infections in Young Infants: A Systematic Review – Pediatrics (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

RCT: Single-dose 1000 mg ertapenem is non-inferior to single-dose 500 mg ceftriaxone for the treatment of gonorrhea.

25 Jan, 2022 | 09:20h | UTC

Efficacy of ertapenem, gentamicin, fosfomycin, and ceftriaxone for the treatment of anogenital gonorrhoea (NABOGO): a randomised, non-inferiority trial – The Lancet Infectious Diseases (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

Cohort study: In patients with a prosthetic joint, prophylactic antibiotics are probably not needed for invasive dental procedures.

25 Jan, 2022 | 09:11h | UTC

Analysis of Prosthetic Joint Infections Following Invasive Dental Procedures in England – JAMA Network Open

Commentary: Prophylactic Antibiotics Not Needed Before Invasive Dental Procedures – HealthDay

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

AHA Statement: Oral penicillin, not injectable, advised for people with high-risk rheumatic heart disease.

24 Jan, 2022 | 08:21h | UTC

News Release: Oral penicillin, not injectable, advised for people with high-risk rheumatic heart disease – American Heart Association

See Guidance: Penicillin Reactions in Patients With Severe Rheumatic Heart Disease: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association – Journal of the American Heart Association

 

The WSES/SICG/ACOI/SICUT/AcEMC/SIFIPAC guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of acute left colonic diverticulitis in the elderly.

24 Jan, 2022 | 08:24h | UTC

The WSES/SICG/ACOI/SICUT/AcEMC/SIFIPAC guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of acute left colonic diverticulitis in the elderly – World Journal of Emergency Surgery

Related:

ACP Guideline: Diagnosis and management of acute left-sided colonic diverticulitis.

Review: Changing paradigms in the management of acute uncomplicated diverticulitis.

RCT: Another study shows that non-antibiotic outpatient treatment in mild acute diverticulitis is safe.

Review: Elective surgical management of diverticulitis

State of the Art Review | Management of colonic diverticulitis

Drains, germs, or steel: Multidisciplinary management of acute colonic diverticulitis

Diverticulitis: Observational study in outpatients suggests amoxicillin-clavulanate is a safe and effective option compared with metronidazole-fluoroquinolone

Randomized trial: Laparoscopic lavage vs. primary resection for perforated purulent diverticulitis; similar long-term results, but recurrence was more common after laparoscopic lavage

Randomized trial: In patients with recurrent, complicated, or persistent painful diverticulitis, sigmoid resection improved quality of life but was associated with a small but significant risk of major complications

Systematic review: Management of colonic diverticulitis

WSES Guidelines for the Management of Acute Colonic Diverticulitis

ASCRS Guidelines for the Treatment of Left-Sided Colonic Diverticulitis

 

M-A: No difference in outcomes with Beta-lactam monotherapy vs. combination therapy for bloodstream infections or pneumonia due to P. aeruginosa.

21 Jan, 2022 | 09:37h | UTC

Beta-lactam monotherapy or combination therapy for bloodstream infections or pneumonia due to P. aeruginosa: a meta-analysis – International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis.

20 Jan, 2022 | 09:17h | UTC

Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis – The Lancet

News Release: An estimated 1.2 million people died in 2019 from antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections, more deaths than HIV/AIDS or malaria – The Lancet

Editorial: Antimicrobial resistance: time to repurpose the Global Fund – The Lancet

Commentary: Antimicrobial resistance now a leading cause of death worldwide, study finds – The Guardian

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

RCT: Among patients with recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection, the use of SER-109, an oral microbiome therapy, reduced recurrence rate compared to placebo (12% vs. 40%).

20 Jan, 2022 | 09:11h | UTC

SER-109, an Oral Microbiome Therapy for Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

RCT: Prolonging prophylactic intravenous antibiotic regimens not beneficial after endoprosthetic reconstruction for lower extremity bone tumors.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:37h | UTC

Comparison of Prophylactic Intravenous Antibiotic Regimens After Endoprosthetic Reconstruction for Lower Extremity Bone Tumors: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Oncology

Commentary: No Benefit Seen With Longer Antibiotic Course After Surgery for Bone Tumors – Cancer Therapy Advisor

 

RCT: In children with community-acquired pneumonia, outpatient antibiotic therapy for 5 days resulted in similar clinical response rates compared to a standard 10-day strategy.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:39h | UTC

Short- vs Standard-Course Outpatient Antibiotic Therapy for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children: The SCOUT-CAP Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Pediatrics (free for a limited period)

Commentaries:

Trial finds 5 days of antibiotics superior to 10 for kids with pneumonia – CIDRAP

Shorter antibiotics treatment is better for young children with outpatient pneumonia – Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Related:

ACP Guidance: Appropriate Use of Short-Course Antibiotics in Common Infections

RCT: 5 days of high-dose amoxicillin therapy noninferior to 10 days for the treatment of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia

RCT: Among children with community-acquired pneumonia discharged within 48 hours from the ED or hospital, lower-dose outpatient oral amoxicillin was noninferior to a higher dose, and a 3-day duration course was noninferior to 7 days.

Treatment of urinary tract infections in infants <2 Months: A Living Systematic Review – short and long duration of parenteral antibiotics were associated with a similar risk of UTI recurrence.

RCT: 7 days of antibiotic therapy as good as 14 days for afebrile men with urinary tract infection.

Randomized Trial: Seven vs. Fourteen Days of Antibiotic Therapy for Uncomplicated Gram-negative Bacteremia

Meta-Analysis: Efficacy of Short-Course Antibiotic Treatments for Community-Acquired Pneumonia

 

Clinical practice guidelines for therapeutic drug monitoring of teicoplanin.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:27h | UTC

Clinical practice guidelines for therapeutic drug monitoring of teicoplanin: a consensus review by the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy and the Japanese Society of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring – Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

 

Systematic Review: Intermittent prophylactic antibiotics for bronchiectasis.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:33h | UTC

Intermittent prophylactic antibiotics for bronchiectasis – Cochrane Library

Summary: Long term antibiotics taken at regular intervals by people with bronchiectasis – Cochrane Library

 

ACP Guideline: Diagnosis and management of acute left-sided colonic diverticulitis.

18 Jan, 2022 | 09:38h | UTC

Diagnosis and Management of Acute Left-Sided Colonic Diverticulitis: A Clinical Guideline From the American College of Physicians – Annals of Internal Medicine

Related Guideline: Colonoscopy for Diagnostic Evaluation and Interventions to Prevent Recurrence After Acute Left-Sided Colonic Diverticulitis: A Clinical Guideline From the American College of Physicians – Annals of Internal Medicine

Related Systematic Reviews:

Diagnostic Imaging and Medical Management of Acute Left-Sided Colonic Diverticulitis: A Systematic Review – Annals of Internal Medicine

Evaluation and Management After Acute Left-Sided Colonic Diverticulitis: A Systematic Review – Annals of Internal Medicine

Annals Video Summary: Diagnostic Imaging and Medical Management of Acute Left-Sided Colonic Diverticulitis: A Systematic Review – Annals of Internal Medicine

News Release: ACP releases two new clinical guidelines on the diagnosis and management of diverticulitis – American College of Physicians

 

Cluster-randomized trial: Antiseptic bathing with 2% chlorhexidine-impregnated cloths and 0.08% octenidine wash mitts were not effective for preventing central-line associated bloodstream infections in intensive care patients.

18 Jan, 2022 | 09:18h | UTC

Effect of antiseptic bathing with chlorhexidine or octenidine on central-line associated bloodstream infections in intensive care patients: a cluster-randomised controlled trial – Clinical Microbiology and Infection

 

Review: Diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections.

13 Jan, 2022 | 08:38h | UTC

Diagnosis and Treatment of Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Review – JAMA (free for a limited period)

 

Cohort Study: Patient factors associated with appendectomy within 30 days of initiating antibiotic treatment for appendicitis – the presence of an appendicolith was associated with a nearly 2-fold increased risk of undergoing appendectomy within 30 days.

13 Jan, 2022 | 08:39h | UTC

Patient Factors Associated With Appendectomy Within 30 Days of Initiating Antibiotic Treatment for Appendicitis – JAMA Surgery (free for a limited period)

Invited commentary: Appendicoliths, Antibiotic Treatment Failure, and Appendectomy—Is the Glass Half Full or Half Empty? – JAMA Surgery

 

The Antifungal Pipeline: Fosmanogepix, Ibrexafungerp, Olorofim, Opelconazole, and Rezafungin.

13 Jan, 2022 | 08:17h | UTC

The Antifungal Pipeline: Fosmanogepix, Ibrexafungerp, Olorofim, Opelconazole, and Rezafungin – Drugs

 

Cohort Study: In preterm premature rupture of membranes at 24-31 weeks, antibiotic prophylaxis based on third-generation cephalosporin may be associated with improved perinatal outcomes compared to amoxicillin.

13 Jan, 2022 | 08:10h | UTC

Antibiotic prophylaxis in preterm premature rupture of membranes at 24-31 weeks’ gestation: perinatal and 2-year outcomes in the EPIPAGE-2 cohort – BJOG (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

Systematic Review: First-generation cephalosporins for the treatment of complicated upper urinary tract infection in adults.

11 Jan, 2022 | 02:23h | UTC

First-generation cephalosporins for the treatment of complicated upper urinary tract infection in adults: A systematic literature review – International Journal of Infectious Diseases

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Systematic Review: The effectiveness and safety of treatments for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.

11 Jan, 2022 | 02:24h | UTC

Treatment for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush) – Cochrane Library

Summary: The effectiveness and safety of treatments for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush) – Cochrane Library

 

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