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Cohort Study | Association of antidepressant use during pregnancy with risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in children.

21 Nov, 2022 | 14:33h | UTC

Association of Antidepressant Use During Pregnancy With Risk of Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Children – JAMA Internal Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text) 

Commentaries: 

Antidepressant Use During Pregnancy Not Associated With Neurodevelopmental Risk in Children – Psychiatric News Alert 

Antidepressants in Pregnancy Do Not Affect Child Neurodevelopment – HealthDay 

 

Commentary on Twitter 

https://twitter.com/JAMAInternalMed/status/1593046260440776704 

 

RCT | Influenza vaccine to reduce adverse vascular events in patients with heart failure.

18 Nov, 2022 | 13:26h | UTC

Influenza vaccine to reduce adverse vascular events in patients with heart failure: a multinational randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial – The Lancet Global Health

Commentary: 

Flu vaccines cut pneumonia, cardiovascular issues in heart failure patients – CIDRAP

Flu Shot Could Be Lifesaver for Folks With Heart Failure – HealthDay

 

RCT | Clopidogrel is better than Aspirin for chronic maintenance monotherapy after percutaneous coronary intervention.

17 Nov, 2022 | 12:30h | UTC

Aspirin vs. Clopidogrel for Chronic Maintenance Monotherapy after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: the HOST-EXAM Extended Study – Circulation

Related: 

Meta-analysis of randomized trials: Clopidogrel is better than aspirin for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular events.

#ACC21 – RCT: Clopidogrel better than aspirin for chronic maintenance monotherapy after percutaneous coronary intervention.

 

Commentary on Twitter

https://twitter.com/CircAHA/status/1589647384073703426 

 

USPSTF Statement | There is insufficient evidence to recommend routine screening for obstructive sleep apnea.

16 Nov, 2022 | 13:46h | UTC

Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement – JAMA

Evidence Report: Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force – JAMA

Editorial: USPSTF Updates Recommendation for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Screening in Adults – JAMA Otolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery 

JAMA Patient Page: Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Author Interview: USPSTF Recommendation: Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults

Commentary: USPSTF: Evidence Inadequate for Recommending OSA Screening – HealthDay

 

RCT | In patients with end-stage ankle osteoarthritis, total ankle replacement and arthrodesis resulted in comparable results.

16 Nov, 2022 | 13:45h | UTC

Total Ankle Replacement Versus Arthrodesis for End-Stage Ankle Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial – Annals of Internal Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

News Release: Trial shows benefits of two forms of ankle surgery for osteoarthritis – University College London

Summary for Patients: Total Ankle Replacement Versus Arthrodesis for End-Stage Ankle Osteoarthritis

 

M-A | A short course of antibiotics is noninferior to long-course therapy in children with nonsevere pneumonia.

16 Nov, 2022 | 13:43h | UTC

Short-Course vs Long-Course Antibiotic Therapy for Children With Nonsevere Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis – JAMA Pediatrics (free for a limited period)

Commentary: Review: Shorter antibiotic course sufficient for kids with pneumonia – CIDRAP

Related:

RCT | Among neonates with probable bacterial infection, switching from intravenous to oral antibiotics (amoxicillin–clavulanic acid) was noninferior to a full course of intravenous antibiotics and resulted in shorter hospitalization (median duration of 3.4 vs. 6.8 days).

RCT: In children with community-acquired pneumonia, outpatient antibiotic therapy for 5 days resulted in similar clinical response rates compared to a standard 10-day strategy.

ACP Guidance: Appropriate Use of Short-Course Antibiotics in Common Infections

RCT: 5 days of high-dose amoxicillin therapy noninferior to 10 days for the treatment of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia

RCT: Among children with community-acquired pneumonia discharged within 48 hours from the ED or hospital, lower-dose outpatient oral amoxicillin was noninferior to a higher dose, and a 3-day duration course was noninferior to 7 days.

Treatment of urinary tract infections in infants <2 Months: A Living Systematic Review – short and long duration of parenteral antibiotics were associated with a similar risk of UTI recurrence.

RCT: 7 days of antibiotic therapy as good as 14 days for afebrile men with urinary tract infection.

Randomized Trial: Seven vs. Fourteen Days of Antibiotic Therapy for Uncomplicated Gram-negative Bacteremia

Meta-Analysis: Efficacy of Short-Course Antibiotic Treatments for Community-Acquired Pneumonia

 

RCT | Comparative effects of low-dose rosuvastatin vs. dietary supplements on lipids and inflammatory biomarkers.

16 Nov, 2022 | 13:41h | UTC

Comparative Effects of Low-Dose Rosuvastatin, Placebo and Dietary Supplements on Lipids and Inflammatory Biomarkers – Journal of the American College of Cardiology

News Release: 6 common “heart-health” supplements ineffective at lowering cholesterol compared to statins – American Heart Association

Commentaries: 

Study – For Lowering Cholesterol, Statins Work, Supplements Don’t – Science-Based Medicine

Statins vs. supplements: New study finds one is ‘vastly superior’ to cut cholesterol – NPR

 

Guideline | Management of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state in adults.

15 Nov, 2022 | 13:03h | UTC

Management of Hyperosmolar Hyperglycaemic State (HHS) in Adults: An updated guideline from the Joint British Diabetes Societies (JBDS) for Inpatient Care Group – Diabetic Medicine

Related: Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome: review of acute decompensated diabetes in adult patients – The BMJ

 

AHA Scientific Statement | An overview of telehealth in the management of cardiovascular disease.

15 Nov, 2022 | 13:01h | UTC

An Overview of Telehealth in the Management of Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association – Circulation

News Release: Telehealth is a valuable option in cardiovascular care, though challenges remain – American Heart Association

 

Phase 2 RCT | Non-hormonal drug reduces vasomotor symptoms in women taking oral adjuvant endocrine therapy after breast cancer.

15 Nov, 2022 | 12:58h | UTC

Q-122 as a novel, non-hormonal, oral treatment for vasomotor symptoms in women taking tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor after breast cancer: a phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial – The Lancet

Commentary: Non-hormonal therapy reduces hot flashes and night sweats in women who have been diagnosed with breast cancer – Monash University 

 

RCT | Bivalirudin is superior to heparin in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary PCI.

15 Nov, 2022 | 13:00h | UTC

Bivalirudin plus a high-dose infusion versus heparin monotherapy in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention: a randomised trial – The Lancet

Commentaries:

BRIGHT-4: Large, ‘Clean’ Trial Clarifies Bivalirudin Benefits in STEMI – TCTMD

Bivalirudin found to be safer and more effective than heparin for treating heart attack patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention – Mount Sinai School of Medicine

BivaliRudin with prolonged full-dose Infusion during primary PCI versus Heparin Trial – BRIGHT-4 – American College of Cardiology

 

RCT | Evaluation of two short, standardized regimens for the treatment of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis.

15 Nov, 2022 | 12:57h | UTC

Evaluation of two short standardised regimens for the treatment of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (STREAM stage 2): an open-label, multicentre, randomised, non-inferiority trial – The Lancet

Commentary: 

Shorter treatment effective for drug-resistant tuberculosis – University College London

Shorter Treatment Regimen for Drug-Resistant TB is More Effective – Health Policy Watch

 

M-A | SGLT2 inhibitors reduce the risk of kidney disease progression and AKI, irrespective of diabetes status.

11 Nov, 2022 | 14:04h | UTC

Impact of diabetes on the effects of sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors on kidney outcomes: collaborative meta-analysis of large placebo-controlled trials – The Lancet

Commentaries:

Meta-analysis backs SGLT2 inhibitors for kidney disease – medwire News

EMPA-KIDNEY: Empagliflozin a ‘Win’ for Patients With CKD – TCTMD

Related: RCT | In patients with CKD (eGFR 20-45 mL/min per 1.73 m2), Empagliflozin reduced the risk of progression of kidney disease.

 

Commentary on Twitter

Under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License

 

RCT | Indobufen vs. aspirin on top of clopidogrel after coronary drug-eluting stent implantation.

11 Nov, 2022 | 14:03h | UTC

Indobufen or Aspirin on Top of Clopidogrel after Coronary Drug-eluting Stent Implantation (OPTION): a Randomized, Open-label, Endpoint-blinded, Non-inferiority Trial – Circulation

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

RCT | Early routine use of ECMO fails to improve outcomes in patients with cardiogenic shock.

11 Nov, 2022 | 14:01h | UTC

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in the Therapy of Cardiogenic Shock: Results of the ECMO-CS Randomized Clinical Trial – Circulation

Commentaries:

Early use of ECMO devices to support adults with cardiogenic shock did not improve clinical outcomes – News Medical/American Heart Association

Early ECMO No Better Than Watch-and-Wait Approach in Cardiogenic Shock – TCTMD

Immediate Use of ECMO Did Not Improve Outcomes in Patients with Cardiogenic Shock – HCP Live

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

RCT | Helicobacter pylori eradication may prevent peptic ulcer bleeding in older patients prescribed aspirin in primary care.

11 Nov, 2022 | 14:00h | UTC

Helicobacter pylori eradication for primary prevention of peptic ulcer bleeding in older patients prescribed aspirin in primary care (HEAT): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial – The Lancet

News Release: Cutting the risk of stomach bleeding, occasionally caused by regular aspirin use – University of Nottingham

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

RCT | Dual endothelin antagonist Aprocitentan is effective for resistant hypertension.

11 Nov, 2022 | 13:59h | UTC

Dual endothelin antagonist aprocitentan for resistant hypertension (PRECISION): a multicentre, blinded, randomised, parallel-group, phase 3 trial – The Lancet (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentaries:

Endothelin Receptor Antagonist Effective in Resistant Hypertension: PRECISION – TCTMD

Parallel-Group, Phase 3 Study With Aprocitentan in Subjects With Resistant Hypertension – PRECISION – American College of Cardiology

 

Phase 2RCT | Baxdrostat reduces BP in patients with treatment-resistant hypertension.

11 Nov, 2022 | 13:57h | UTC

Phase 2 Trial of Baxdrostat for Treatment-Resistant Hypertension – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentaries:

Big Drops in Blood Pressure With Baxdrostat: BrigHTN Phase II Study – TCTMD

New Drug Helps Tame Uncontrolled High Blood Pressure – HealthDay

 

WHO Report | A blueprint for dementia research.

10 Nov, 2022 | 14:17h | UTC

A blueprint for dementia research – World Health Organization

News Release: Launch of WHO’s first blueprint for dementia research – World Health Organization

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

NICE Guideline Update | Colonoscopic surveillance in adults with inflammatory bowel disease or adenomas.

10 Nov, 2022 | 14:16h | UTC

Colorectal cancer prevention: colonoscopic surveillance in adults with ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease or adenomas – National Institute for Health and Care Excellence

Related:

British Society of Gastroenterology/Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland/Public Health England post-polypectomy and post-colorectal cancer resection surveillance guidelines – Gut

Consensus Statement: U.S. Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer now suggests average-risk CRC screening begins at age 45.

USPSTF Statement: Start colorectal cancer screening at 45 years for most patients.

ACG Clinical Guidelines: Start colorectal cancer screening at 45

Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for management of colorectal polyps – Journal of Gastroenterology

Meta-analysis: Risk of colorectal cancer and cancer related mortality after detection of low-risk or high-risk adenomas, compared with no adenoma, at index colonoscopy

Recommendations for Follow-Up After Colonoscopy and Polypectomy: A Consensus Update by the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer – Gastroenterology

Endoscopic surveillance after surgical or endoscopic resection for colorectal cancer: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) and European Society of Digestive Oncology (ESDO) Guideline – Endoscopy

 

RCT | Intermediate-dose no better than low-dose LMWH in pregnant and post-partum women with previous thromboembolism.

10 Nov, 2022 | 14:12h | UTC

Intermediate-dose versus low-dose low-molecular-weight heparin in pregnant and post-partum women with a history of venous thromboembolism (Highlow study): an open-label, multicentre, randomised, controlled trial – The Lancet (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

Commentary from the author on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

RCT | Monofilament suture is no better than braided suture to improve pregnancy outcomes after vaginal cervical cerclage.

10 Nov, 2022 | 14:14h | UTC

Monofilament suture versus braided suture thread to improve pregnancy outcomes after vaginal cervical cerclage (C-STICH): a pragmatic randomised, controlled, phase 3, superiority trial – The Lancet

Invited Commentary: Suture choice for cervical cerclage – The Lancet (free registration required)

News Release: Single stranded suture threads could prevent pregnancy infection complications, C-STICH trial finds – University of Birmingham

Video Summary: Major trial finds purse-string wire in surgery can reduce miscarriage and stillbirth – University of Birmingham

Commentary: Monofilament Suture Not Superior for Vaginal Cervical Cerclage – HealthDay

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

Study | In hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, the levels of angiogenic factors may stratify the risk of severe preeclampsia.

10 Nov, 2022 | 14:11h | UTC

Circulating Angiogenic Factor Levels in Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy – NEJM Evidence

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

RCT | Mindfulness-based stress reduction vs. escitalopram for the treatment of adults with anxiety disorders.

10 Nov, 2022 | 14:09h | UTC

Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction vs Escitalopram for the Treatment of Adults With Anxiety Disorders: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Psychiatry (free for a limited period)

Commentaries:

Mindfulness worked as well for anxiety as drug in study – Associated Press

Meditation works as well as a popular drug to reduce anxiety, study finds – NPR

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Cohort Study | Study shows subclinical Hyperthyroidism is linked to an increased risk of fractures.

10 Nov, 2022 | 14:08h | UTC

Association Between Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction and Fracture Risk – JAMA Network Open

Commentary: Does Subclinical Hyperthyroidism Raise Fracture Risk? – Medscape (free registration required)

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

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