Daily Archives: April 12, 2022 | LinksMedicus Free Medical News & Perspectives

Cohort Study: Risk of adverse events after covid-19 in Danish children and adolescents and effectiveness of the Pfizer vaccine in adolescents.

12 Apr, 2022 | 10:07h | UTC

Risk of adverse events after covid-19 in Danish children and adolescents and effectiveness of BNT162b2 in adolescents: cohort study – The BMJ

RCT: Single-dose HPV vaccination found effective among young African women.

12 Apr, 2022 | 10:08h | UTC

Efficacy of Single-Dose Human Papillomavirus Vaccination among Young African Women – NEJM Evidence

News Releases:

Study boosts support for single-dose HPV vaccine regimen – University of Washington

One-dose Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine offers solid protection against cervical cancer – World Health Organization

Three-year follow-up of 2-dose versus 3-dose HPV vaccine

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

? GAME CHANGER ?
One-dose Human Papillomavirus (#HPV) vaccine offers solid protection against cervical cancer: WHO https://t.co/3uWlZlCCVK pic.twitter.com/ZKDvpf2qog

— World Health Organization (WHO) (@WHO) April 11, 2022

M-A: SGLT2 inhibitors reduce hospitalizations in patients with heart failure regardless of the presence of diabetes.

12 Apr, 2022 | 10:05h | UTC

Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Patients With Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis – Annals of Internal Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

News Release: SGLT2 inhibitors reduces hospitalization for heart failure regardless of presence of diabetes – American College of Physicians

Evidence- and consensus-based guidelines for drug-drug interactions with anticancer drugs; A practical and universal tool for management.

12 Apr, 2022 | 10:02h | UTC

Evidence- and consensus-based guidelines for drug-drug interactions with anticancer drugs; A practical and universal tool for management – Seminars in Oncology

AHA Scientific Statement: SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated cardiovascular manifestations and complications in children and young adults.

12 Apr, 2022 | 09:59h | UTC

SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Associated Cardiovascular Manifestations and Complications in Children and Young Adults: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association – Circulation

News Release: Heart issues after COVID-19 uncommon in children and young adults, more research needed – American Heart Association

Commentary: COVID-19 CV Complications in Children Are Rare, Treatable: AHA Statement – TCTMD

Opinion | Aligning incentives for improving diagnostic excellence.

12 Apr, 2022 | 09:54h | UTC

Aligning Incentives for Improving Diagnostic Excellence – JAMA (free for a limited period)

Cohort Study: Predictors of severe illness in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

12 Apr, 2022 | 09:57h | UTC

Predictors of severe illness in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection: a multicentre cohort study – Canadian Medical Association Journal

News Release: Children older than 5 at higher risk of COVID-19-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome – Canadian Medical Association Journal

Commentary: Older Kids More Vulnerable to MIS-C: Study – HealthDay

More data suggests the Omicron variant causes milder disease compared to the Delta variant.

12 Apr, 2022 | 09:49h | UTC

Symptom prevalence, duration, and risk of hospital admission in individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 during periods of omicron and delta variant dominance: a prospective observational study from the ZOE COVID Study – The Lancet

Commentary: Covid-19: Symptomatic infection with omicron variant is milder and shorter than with delta, study reports – The BMJ

Another study suggests a lower risk of hospitalization and death from infection with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant vs. Delta.

Perspective: Challenges in inferring intrinsic severity of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant.

Early assessment of the clinical severity of the SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant in South Africa.

Cohort Study: Incidence rates and clinical outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection with the Omicron and Delta variants in children younger than 5 years in the US.

[Preprint] SARS-CoV-2 Omicron virus causes attenuated disease in mice and hamsters.

[Preprint] Study showed reduced clinical severity of Covid-19 patients admitted to hospitals in Gauteng, South Africa, during the Omicron-dominant fourth wave – “any combination of a less-virulent virus, comorbidities, high immunity from prior infection(s) or vaccination may be important contributors to this clinical presentation”.

Early data from South Africa hints Omicron variant may cause less severe Covid, but more research is needed.

Too early to tell, but preliminary information from doctors in South Africa suggests the new Covid variant Omicron may be associated with less severe disease.

RCT: Neoadjuvant nivolumab plus chemotherapy in resectable lung cancer.

12 Apr, 2022 | 08:54h | UTC

Neoadjuvant Nivolumab plus Chemotherapy in Resectable Lung Cancer – New England Journal of Medicine

News Release: Immunotherapy Plus Chemotherapy Before Surgery Improves Outcomes for Patients with Lung Cancer – Johns Hopkins Medicine

Commentary on Twitter

In patients with resectable NSCLC, neoadjuvant nivolumab plus chemo results in longer event-free survival and a greater likelihood of pathological complete response than chemo alone. #AACR22 https://t.co/ILjdRZQ7dJ pic.twitter.com/1JfiUw18R6

— NEJM (@NEJM) April 11, 2022

COVID-19 disease severity in children infected with the Omicron variant.

12 Apr, 2022 | 09:47h | UTC

COVID-19 Disease Severity in Children Infected with the Omicron Variant – Clinical Infectious Diseases

Commentary on Twitter

COVID-19 Disease Severity in Children Infected with Omicron
Among Delta infected
84.2% had mild
15.7% had moderate
0.1% had severe/critical disease
Among Omicron infected
97.8% had mild
2.2% had moderate
None had severe/critical disease (P < .001 https://t.co/ZHhVpY8LuG

— Antibiotic Steward Bassam Ghanem?? (@ABsteward) April 11, 2022

M-A: The clinical effect and safety of new preoperative fasting time guidelines for elective surgery.

12 Apr, 2022 | 09:51h | UTC

The clinical effect and safety of new preoperative fasting time guidelines for elective surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis – Gland Surgery

An international multidisciplinary consensus statement on fasting before procedural sedation in adults and children – Anaesthesia

Does my hospitalized patient need an NPO-after-midnight order preoperatively?

ESPEN practical guideline: Clinical nutrition in surgery – “Preoperative fasting from midnight is unnecessary in most patients. Patients undergoing surgery, who are considered to have no specific risk of aspiration, shall drink clear fluids until 2 h before anesthesia. Solids shall be allowed until 6 h before anesthesia.”

Pro-Con Debate: 1- vs 2-Hour Fast for Clear Liquids Before Anesthesia in Children.

Editorial: The rationale for the recommendations of the European Pediatric Fasting Guideline – “the authors of the 2021 ESAIC pediatric guideline have found reasons to recommend reductions to the minimum fasting times for infant formula to 4 h, for breast milk to 3 h and for clear fluids to 1 h”.

Practice Guidelines for Preoperative Fasting and the Use of Pharmacologic Agents to Reduce the Risk of Pulmonary Aspiration: Application to Healthy Patients Undergoing Elective Procedures: An Updated Report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Preoperative Fasting and the Use of Pharmacologic Agents to Reduce the Risk of Pulmonary Aspiration

Perioperative fasting in adults and children: guidelines from the European Society of Anaesthesiology

Clear fluids fasting for elective paediatric anaesthesia: The European Society of Anaesthesiology consensus statement – European Journal of Anaesthesiology

Canadian Pediatric Anesthesia Society statement on clear fluid fasting for elective pediatric anesthesia – Canadian Journal of Anesthesia (free)

M-A of randomized controlled trials: Intrathoracic vs. cervical anastomosis in esophagectomy for esophageal cancer.

12 Apr, 2022 | 08:47h | UTC

Intrathoracic versus cervical anastomosis in esophagectomy for esophageal cancer: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials – Surgery

Aspirin for primary cardiovascular prevention in patients with diabetes: uncertainties and opportunities.

12 Apr, 2022 | 08:45h | UTC

Aspirin for Primary Cardiovascular Prevention in Patients with Diabetes: Uncertainties and Opportunities – Thrombosis and Haemostasis

Related Guideline:

USPSTF draft statement revises previous guidance and now recommends against initiating low-dose aspirin use for the primary prevention of CVD in adults aged 60 years or older.

Related Randomized Trials:

Randomized Trial: Aspirin for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Randomized Trial: Effects of Aspirin for Primary Prevention in Persons with Diabetes

Randomized Trial: Effect of Aspirin on All-Cause Mortality in the Healthy Elderly

Related Meta-Analysis:

Meta-Analysis: Association of Aspirin Use for Primary Prevention with Cardiovascular Events and Bleeding Events

Meta-Analysis: Efficacy and Safety of Aspirin for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events

Aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis with a particular focus on subgroups – BMC Medicine

Related Opinions:

Aspirin for Primary Prevention: Is This the End of the Road?

Evidence evolving on aspirin as prevention – ACP Internist

Empyema: ED presentation, evaluation, and management.

12 Apr, 2022 | 08:44h | UTC

Empyema: ED Presentation, Evaluation, and Management – emDocs

Editorial | Who? When? Where? How? Still the alpha and omega of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

12 Apr, 2022 | 08:49h | UTC

Who? When? Where? How? Still the alpha and omega of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation – European Heart Journal. Acute Cardiovascular Care

Original Study: The association between time to extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation and outcome in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest – European Heart Journal. Acute Cardiovascular Care (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

RCT: In patients with refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, a strategy of intra-arrest transport, extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and immediate invasive assessment did not significantly improve survival with a favorable neurological outcome (OR 1.63; 95% CI 0.93 to 2.85; P = .09).

Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adults: evidence and implications.

Guidelines for extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in children and adults

Commentary on Twitter

Focus on eCPR-Who? When? Where? How? Excellent editorial by Prof A. Combes in #EHJACVC https://t.co/VJy8X09wb6 @drmilicaa @krychtiukmd @EHJACVCEiC @JohannesGrand @rafavidalperez @ACVCPresident @cvrints @umityasarsinan1 @JasonKatzMD @susannaprice @mrubini pic.twitter.com/mf085I13dc

— European Society of Cardiology Journals (@ESC_Journals) April 11, 2022