Urology
RCT | Adjuvant nivolumab plus ipilimumab not better than placebo for localized renal cell carcinoma after nephrectomy
16 Feb, 2023 | 15:15h | UTCAdjuvant nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus placebo for localised renal cell carcinoma after nephrectomy (CheckMate 914): a double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial – The Lancet (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
USPSTF reaffirms recommendation against serologic screening for genital herpes infection
15 Feb, 2023 | 16:17h | UTCSummary: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends against routine screening for genital herpes infection in asymptomatic adolescents, adults, and pregnant women, as the potential harms of such screening outweigh the benefits. This recommendation is based on a systematic evaluation of the available evidence, and the USPSTF has moderate certainty in its conclusion.*
Evidence Report: Serologic Screening for Genital Herpes: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force – JAMA
Editorials:
Reducing HSV-2 Morbidity and MortalityRoutine Serologic Screening Still Not the Best Answer – JAMA
Reaffirmed USPSTF Recommendation Against Serologic Screening for Genital Herpes: Empowering Clinicians and Reducing Potential Harm – JAMA Dermatology (free for a limited period)
Author Interview: Serologic Screening for Genital Herpes Infection – JAMA
JAMA Patient Page: Screening for Genital Herpes
*Note: This summary was created through the collaboration of a medical editor and ChatGPT.
RCT | Antimicrobial therapy for 7 days is inferior to treatment for 14 days in men with febrile urinary tract infection
15 Feb, 2023 | 16:11h | UTCSummary: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of 7-day versus 14-day antibiotic treatment for febrile urinary tract infections in men. The multicenter randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled non-inferiority trial enrolled 282 men from 27 centers in France. The primary endpoint was treatment success, defined as a negative urine culture, the absence of fever, and no subsequent antibiotic treatment between the end of treatment and 6 weeks after day 1. The results showed that the 14-day treatment was superior to the 7-day treatment, with a treatment success rate of 77.6% versus 55.7%, respectively. Adverse events were similar in both groups, and rectal carriage of resistant Enterobacterales did not differ. Therefore, the study concludes that treatment with ofloxacin for 7 days is inferior to 14 days for febrile UTI in men and should not be recommended.*
Article: Antimicrobial for 7 or 14 days for febrile urinary tract infection in men: a multicenter noninferiority double blind placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial – Clinical Infectious Diseases (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
*Note: This summary was created through the collaboration of a medical editor and ChatGPT.
RCT | Hyaluronic acid spacer for hypofractionated prostate radiation therapy
13 Feb, 2023 | 12:25h | UTC
Commentary on Twitter
Multicenter randomized clin trial in prostate cancer tested presence or absence of hyaluronic acid rectal spacer before receiving hypofractionated radiation, showed acute grade >2 GI toxicity in 2.9% of pts w/spacer vs. 13.8% in control group #PCSM #RadOnc https://t.co/eTifx0b1x2
— JAMA Oncology (@JAMAOnc) February 9, 2023
Consensus Statement | Development of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) surgical safety checklist
10 Feb, 2023 | 14:03h | UTC
Commentary from the author on Twitter (thread – click for more)
The @WHO Surgical Safety Checklist and the @ErasSociety guidelines come together.?
#ERAS teams can leverage 2 tools in 1 to improve care in critical perioperative communication moments https://t.co/EaXYyj7b56
via @JAMANetworkOpen part of @JAMANetwork pic.twitter.com/WHJMjThubO— Mary Brindle (@MaryEBrindle) February 8, 2023
RCT | Machine perfusion is superior to therapeutic hypothermia for reducing delayed graft function after kidney transplantation
6 Feb, 2023 | 13:28h | UTCHypothermia or Machine Perfusion in Kidney Donors – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary: Machine Perfusion of Kidneys Protects Against Delayed Graft Function – HealthDay
Commentary with video on Twitter
Hypothermia of brain-dead kidney donors and machine perfusion of the kidney can reduce delayed graft function, but whether hypothermia is as effective as machine perfusion is unclear. New research findings are summarized in a short video. https://t.co/mL0YQZYoK1 pic.twitter.com/ANnJl27mkl
— NEJM (@NEJM) February 4, 2023
Syphilis in dermatology: recognition and management
31 Jan, 2023 | 14:01h | UTCSyphilis in Dermatology: Recognition and Management – American Journal of Clinical Dermatology (if the link is paywalled, try this one in PMC)
Guideline | Management of adult renal trauma
30 Jan, 2023 | 01:20h | UTCRelated:
Kidney and uro-trauma: WSES-AAST guidelines – World Journal of Emergency Surgery
Urotrauma: AUA Guideline – The Journal of Urology
Urological Trauma – European Association of Urology
Renal trauma: the current best practice – Therapeutic Advances in Urology
Guideline | Management of metastatic castration-naive and castration-sensitive prostate cancer
23 Jan, 2023 | 13:33h | UTC2022 UPDATE: Canadian Urological Association-Canadian Urologic Oncology Group guideline: Metastatic castration-naive and castration-sensitive prostate cancer – Canadian Urological Association Journal (PDF here)
See also: Summary of changes (PDF here)
M-A | Routine use of α1-antagonists in orthopedic surgery increases adverse events and does not reduce postoperative urinary retention
23 Jan, 2023 | 13:20h | UTC
Commentary on Twitter
#ICYMI
Do α1-antagonists prevent retention after #ortho #surgery?#systematicreview and meta-analysis says no, and high rates of α related complications seencaveat – few trials!https://t.co/kTaK5Oej85#some4surgery @asgbi @SEIQuirurgica pic.twitter.com/amMrVRGhbf
— BJS Open (@BjsOpen) January 19, 2023
Guidelines | Enhanced recovery after surgery recommendations for renal transplantation
20 Jan, 2023 | 14:51h | UTCRelated:
Complete List of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Society Guidelines
Commentary on Twitter
Free to access in January's BJS: Enhanced recovery after surgery recommendations for renal transplantation: guidelines https://t.co/VkTRQmDWRS @bplwijn @des_winter @ksoreide @MalinASund @evanscolorectal @nfmkok @paulo_sutt @robhinchliffe1 @young_bjs pic.twitter.com/7JQYrlZJnO
— BJS (@BJSurgery) December 30, 2022
CanRisk-Prostate | A comprehensive, externally validated risk model for the prediction of future prostate cancer
20 Jan, 2023 | 14:22h | UTCCommentary: Risk Model for Predicting the Development of Prostate Cancer – The ASCO Post
News Release: Prostate cancer risk prediction algorithm could help target testing at men at greatest risk – University of Cambridge
Metomidate PET-CT vs. adrenal vein sampling for diagnosing surgically curable primary aldosteronism: a prospective, within-patient trial
19 Jan, 2023 | 14:19h | UTCNews Release: Ten-minute scan enables detection and cure of the commonest cause of high blood pressure – Queen Mary University of London
Review | Surgical site infection prevention
18 Jan, 2023 | 14:31h | UTCSurgical Site Infection Prevention: A Review – JAMA (free for a limited period)
Author interview: Surgical Site Infection Prevention – JAMA
Related:
Global guidelines on the prevention of surgical site infection – World Health Organization
AAOS Guideline: Prevention of surgical site infections after major extremity trauma.
Consensus Statement | Management of patients with advanced prostate cancer
18 Jan, 2023 | 14:26h | UTC
Podcast | Adrenal incidentalomas
17 Jan, 2023 | 13:16h | UTC#377 Adrenal Incidentalomas with Dr. William Young – The Curbsiders
Cohort Study | 5-year outcomes after stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy for primary renal cell carcinoma
11 Jan, 2023 | 14:10h | UTC5-year outcomes after stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy for primary renal cell carcinoma: an individual patient data meta-analysis from IROCK (the International Radiosurgery Consortium of the Kidney) – The Lancet Oncology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary from the author on Twitter (thread – click for more)
?1/ Wide adoption of SABR for primary #kidneycancer is limited by long-term data. Online today @TheLancetOncol; 5-yr outcomes in 190 patients. 5% local failure rates, 95% cancer-specific survival. Thanks @ElsevierConnect for 50-day link: #radonc #kcsm https://t.co/kCM8TraJE3
— Shankar Siva (@_ShankarSiva) November 16, 2022
Review | Advances in diagnosis and treatment of testicular cancer.
16 Dec, 2022 | 13:25h | UTCAdvances in diagnosis and treatment of testicular cancer – The BMJ
RCT | US-guided pudendal nerve block vs. US-guided penile nerve block for analgesia during pediatric circumcision.
15 Dec, 2022 | 13:31h | UTCRandomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing ultrasound-guided pudendal nerve block with ultrasound-guided penile nerve block for analgesia during pediatric circumcision – Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Podcast | Prostate cancer: screening, advanced testing, and survivorship.
14 Dec, 2022 | 14:48h | UTC#371 Prostate Cancer: Screening, Advanced Testing, and Survivorship – The Curbsiders
RCT | Effects of prostate cancer screening with PSA and MRI followed by targeted biopsy only.
9 Dec, 2022 | 13:32h | UTCProstate Cancer Screening with PSA and MRI Followed by Targeted Biopsy Only – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
News Release: New prostate cancer diagnostic pathway paves way for general screening – University of Gothenburg
Commentary: MRI-Targeted Biopsy Beneficial for Men With Elevated PSA – HealthDay
Commentary on Twitter
In a prostate-cancer screening trial involving men with lesions shown on MRI, targeted biopsy alone detected half as many clinically insignificant tumors as targeted and systematic biopsy, with few significant tumors missed. https://t.co/1H6pRN4aLR pic.twitter.com/yy3PAtYuZK
— NEJM (@NEJM) December 8, 2022
Cohort Study | Viral shedding 1 year following first-episode genital HSV-1 infection.
5 Dec, 2022 | 00:14h | UTCViral Shedding 1 Year Following First-Episode Genital HSV-1 Infection – JAMA (free for a limited period)
Editorial: Shedding Patterns of Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Infections – JAMA (free for a limited period)
News Release: Viral shedding ebbs over time with HSV-1 genital infections – University of Washington School of Medicine
Commentary: Viral Shedding Common After First-Episode Genital HSV-1 Infection – HealthDay
Commentary on Twitter
In this study, genital herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) shedding was frequent after first-episode genital HSV-1 and declined rapidly during the first year of infection. https://t.co/CsVr1tNfNQ
— JAMA (@JAMA_current) October 26, 2022
Review | Pain management strategies in urethral reconstruction.
30 Nov, 2022 | 13:30h | UTC
RCT | Rectal culture-based vs. empirical antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent infections in men undergoing transrectal prostate biopsy.
27 Nov, 2022 | 22:28h | UTCRectal culture-based versus empirical antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent infectious complications in men undergoing transrectal prostate biopsy: a randomized, non-blinded multicenter trial – Clinical Infectious Diseases (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary on Twitter
RCT of rectal culture-based vs. empiric antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent infectious complications after transrectal prostate biopsy.
Potentially practice-changing study. Thoughts, @AshleyGWinter? @sigal_md Others? https://t.co/rJQusECapO @CIDJournal pic.twitter.com/94tBa2i1eN
— Paul Sax (@PaulSaxMD) November 24, 2022
M-A | Safety and efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy vs. flexible ureteroscopy in the treatment of urinary calculi.
25 Nov, 2022 | 12:33h | UTC