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Randomized Trials

RCT | High-dose hemodiafiltration reduces mortality risk in kidney failure patients compared to conventional high-flux hemodialysis

19 Jun, 2023 | 14:17h | UTC

Effect of Hemodiafiltration or Hemodialysis on Mortality in Kidney Failure – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

News Release: Wider use of high-dose hemodiafiltration may have benefits for kidney failure patients – News Medical/University College London

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


RCT | Video laryngoscopy improves first-attempt intubation, severe complications unchanged

19 Jun, 2023 | 14:15h | UTC

Video versus Direct Laryngoscopy for Tracheal Intubation of Critically Ill Adults – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

News Release: Study shows video laryngoscope increases successful intubation on first attempt – Vanderbilt University Medical Center

 


RCT | Fruquintinib extends median survival to 7.4 months vs. 4.8 months with placebo in refractory metastatic colorectal cancer

19 Jun, 2023 | 14:02h | UTC

Fruquintinib versus placebo in patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (FRESCO-2): an international, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 study – The Lancet (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

Commentary on Twitter questioning the control group (thread – click for more)

 


RCT | Adding bio-impedance to fluid management fails to enhance kidney function preservation in new hemodialysis patients

19 Jun, 2023 | 14:01h | UTC

Bio-impedance spectroscopy added to a fluid management protocol does not improve preservation of residual kidney function in incident hemodialysis patients in a randomized controlled trial – Kidney International

 


RCT | Mild hypercapnia after cardiac arrest shows no improvement in neurological outcomes vs. normocapnia

16 Jun, 2023 | 14:15h | UTC

Mild Hypercapnia or Normocapnia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

News Release: New data supports current management of CO2 levels in cardiac arrest patients – UCD Dublin

 


RCT | Cisplatin–gemcitabine improves 3-year progression-free survival in N2–3 nasopharyngeal carcinoma compared to cisplatin–fluorouracil

16 Jun, 2023 | 14:05h | UTC

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by adjuvant cisplatin–gemcitabine versus cisplatin–fluorouracil chemotherapy for N2–3 nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial – The Lancet Oncology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

News Release: Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Adjuvant Cisplatin-Gemcitabine for the Treatment of Patients with Locoregionally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma – ESMO

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


RCT | Increased detection of metastases via PET-CT alters treatment path in locally advanced breast cancer

16 Jun, 2023 | 14:02h | UTC

Impact of 18F-Labeled Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography Versus Conventional Staging in Patients With Locally Advanced Breast Cancer – Journal of Clinical Oncology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 


RCT | Prehospital use of tranexamic acid in severe trauma cases shows no superiority over placebo

15 Jun, 2023 | 15:16h | UTC

Prehospital Tranexamic Acid for Severe Trauma – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

News Release: Shining a new light on tranexamic acid for trauma care – Monash University

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


RCT | No significant kidney outcome differences observed across glucose-lowering medications in T2D patients

15 Jun, 2023 | 15:02h | UTC

Comparative Effects of Glucose-Lowering Medications on Kidney Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes: The GRADE Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Internal Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

See also: Visual Abstract

Commentaries:

No differences found in effects of secondary diabetes drugs on kidney outcomes – ACP Diabetes

Do glucose-lowering medications have different effects on kidney outcomes? – News Medical

 


RCT | Sublingual microcirculatory assessment fails to reduce 30-day mortality in shock patients

15 Jun, 2023 | 15:00h | UTC

Direct assessment of microcirculation in shock: a randomized-controlled multicenter study – Intensive Care Medicine

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


RCT | Nalbuphine reduces cough in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, despite adverse effects

15 Jun, 2023 | 14:55h | UTC

Nalbuphine Tablets for Cough in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis – NEJM Evidence

 


RCT | 0.01% atropine effective in reducing progression of myopia in children over 3 years

14 Jun, 2023 | 14:41h | UTC

Efficacy and Safety of 0.01% and 0.02% Atropine for the Treatment of Pediatric Myopia Progression Over 3 Years: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Ophthalmology

News Release: Eye drops slow nearsightedness progression in kids – Ohio State University

See also: Visual Abstract

Related:

RCT | Effect of repeated low-level red light on myopia prevention among children in China with premyopia

Efficacy of atropine for myopia control in children: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials – Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

Interventions for myopia control in children: a living systematic review and network meta‐analysis – Cochrane Library

RCT | Effect of low-concentration atropine eyedrops vs. placebo on myopia incidence in children

Crossover RCT | Spectacle lenses with highly aspherical lenslets for slowing myopia.

RCT | Effect of text messaging parents of school-aged children on outdoor time to control myopia.

RCT | Myopia control effect of repeated low-level red-light therapy in children.

RCT: Spectacle lenses with aspherical lenslets for myopia control vs. single-vision spectacle lenses.

Randomized trial: Effect of High add power, medium add power, or single-vision contact lenses on myopia progression in children

 


RCT | Talazoparib plus enzalutamide prolongs radiographic PFS vs. enzalutamide alone in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer

14 Jun, 2023 | 14:29h | UTC

Talazoparib plus enzalutamide in men with first-line metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (TALAPRO-2): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial – The Lancet (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

News Release: Talazoparib Plus Enzalutamide Improves rPFS Over Placebo Plus Enzalutamide in First-Line Treatment for Patients with mCRPC – ESMO

 


RCT | Second-line treatment with Axi-cel results in increased overall survival in large B-cell lymphoma

14 Jun, 2023 | 14:25h | UTC

Survival with Axicabtagene Ciloleucel in Large B-Cell Lymphoma – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

News Release: ASCO: Axi-cel significantly improves survival in patients with early relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma – University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

Commentary: Axicabtagene Ciloleucel Improves Overall Survival in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphoma – The ASCO Post

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


Crossover RCT | THC and Cannabidiol demonstrate potential in Tourette syndrome tic management, despite cognitive impacts

14 Jun, 2023 | 14:27h | UTC

Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol in Tourette Syndrome – NEJM Evidence

 


RCT | Cilta-cel shows superior progression-free survival over standard care in lenalidomide-refractory multiple myeloma

14 Jun, 2023 | 14:22h | UTC

Cilta-cel or Standard Care in Lenalidomide-Refractory Multiple Myeloma – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

News Release: Findings suggest cilta-cel may be key therapeutic option for patients with multiple myeloma after first relapse – Medical College of Wisconsin

Commentary: CARTITUDE-4 Shows Benefit With Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel in Lenalidomide-Refractory Multiple Myeloma – ASCO Daily News

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


RCT | Valbenazine outperforms placebo in alleviating chorea in Huntington’s disease

14 Jun, 2023 | 14:18h | UTC

Safety and efficacy of valbenazine for the treatment of chorea associated with Huntington’s disease (KINECT-HD): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial – The Lancet Neurology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

News Release: Valbenazine improves chorea associated with Huntington’s disease – News Medical / University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

 


RCT | No change in delayed graft function with normothermic perfusion vs. cold storage in kidney transplants

13 Jun, 2023 | 14:00h | UTC

Normothermic machine perfusion versus static cold storage in donation after circulatory death kidney transplantation: a randomized controlled trial – Nature Medicine

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


RCT | Capivasertib–fulvestrant improves PFS vs. fulvestrant alone in HR+ advanced breast cancer

13 Jun, 2023 | 13:54h | UTC

Capivasertib in Hormone Receptor–Positive Advanced Breast Cancer – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Video: Capivasertib in Advanced Breast Cancer | NEJM

Commentary: Capivasertib-fulvestrant therapy increases PFS in HR-positive breast cancer – MedicalXpress

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


RCT | Multivitamin supplementation may improve memory in aged adults

7 Jun, 2023 | 14:12h | UTC

Multivitamin Supplementation Improves Memory in Older Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial – The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

News Releases:

Study finds daily multivitamin supplements improved memory and slowed cognitive aging in older adults – Brigham and Women’s Hospital

Multivitamin Improves Memory in Older Adults, Study Finds – Columbia University

Related Research: Effects of cocoa extract and a multivitamin on cognitive function: A randomized clinical trial – Alzheimer’s & Dementia

 


RCT | Preoperative FOLFOX noninferior to chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer

7 Jun, 2023 | 14:06h | UTC

Preoperative Treatment of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Related Publication: Patient-Reported Outcomes During and After Treatment for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer in the PROSPECT Trial (Alliance N1048) – Journal of Clinical Oncology

Commentary: Radiation May Be Safely Omitted in Select Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer – The ASCO Post

 

Commentary on Twitter

 


RCT | Vorasidenib enhances PFS in IDH1/2-mutant low-grade glioma, trial methods debated online

7 Jun, 2023 | 14:04h | UTC

Vorasidenib in IDH1- or IDH2-Mutant Low-Grade Glioma – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: Vorasidenib Delays Disease Progression or Death in Patients With Grade 2 IDH-Mutated Glioma – The ASCO Post

 

Commentary on Twitter questioning study methodology (thread – click for more)

 


RCT | Atezolizumab and cabozantinib combo fails to outperform cabozantinib alone in renal cell carcinoma

7 Jun, 2023 | 13:54h | UTC

Atezolizumab plus cabozantinib versus cabozantinib monotherapy for patients with renal cell carcinoma after progression with previous immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment (CONTACT-03): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial – The Lancet (free registration required)

 

Commentary from the author on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 


RCT | Adding dalpiciclib to standard letrozole or anastrozole treatment outperforms placebo in HR+, HER2- advanced breast cancer

7 Jun, 2023 | 13:44h | UTC

Dalpiciclib plus letrozole or anastrozole versus placebo plus letrozole or anastrozole as first-line treatment in patients with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer (DAWNA-2): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial – The Lancet Oncology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: Dalpiciclib Combo Improves PFS Vs Placebo in HER2– Advanced Breast Cancer – Cancer Network

 


RCT | Immediate vs. delayed sequential bilateral cataract surgery: non-inferior in safety, higher cost-effectiveness

6 Jun, 2023 | 14:41h | UTC

Safety, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of immediate versus delayed sequential bilateral cataract surgery in the Netherlands (BICAT-NL study): a multicentre, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial – The Lancet (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

News Release: Cataract surgery: two-sided treatment better than one-by-one approach – Maastricht University

 


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