Randomized Trials
RCT | Trastuzumab deruxtecan versus treatment of physician’s choice in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer
26 Apr, 2023 | 13:57h | UTCTrastuzumab deruxtecan versus treatment of physician’s choice in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (DESTINY-Breast02): a randomised, open-label, multicentre, phase 3 trial – The Lancet (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
RCT | Effectiveness of an over-the-counter self-fitting hearing aid compared with an audiologist-fitted hearing aid
25 Apr, 2023 | 14:47h | UTCAuthor Interview: Effectiveness of Self-fitting vs Audiologist-Fitted Hearing Aids – JAMA
Commentaries:
Self-Fitting, Over-the-Counter Hearing Aids Beneficial – HealthDay
How Do Over-the-Counter Hearing Aids Compare with Those Fitted by Audiologists? – NEJM Journal Watch (free for a limited period)
Commentary on Twitter
Findings suggest that a self-fitting OTC hearing aid may be an effective intervention option for individuals with mild to moderate #hearingloss and produce self-perceived and clinical outcomes similar to those of an audiologist-fitted #hearingaid. https://t.co/Zbc8URj2uA
— JAMA Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (@JAMAOto) April 13, 2023
RCT | Cerebral oximetry monitoring fails to reduce death or severe brain injury in extremely preterm infants
25 Apr, 2023 | 14:45h | UTCCerebral Oximetry Monitoring in Extremely Preterm Infants – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary on Twitter
In extremely preterm infants, the use of cerebral oximetry monitoring to guide treatment for the first 72 hours after birth did not reduce the risk of death or severe brain injury at 36 weeks’ postmenstrual age. Full study: https://t.co/JX7Ra3OpjM pic.twitter.com/VACbUUAq3i
— NEJM (@NEJM) April 19, 2023
RCT | Intraperitoneal carboplatin achieves modest PFS gains in advanced ovarian cancer
25 Apr, 2023 | 14:24h | UTCIntraperitoneal Carboplatin for Ovarian Cancer — A Phase 2/3 Trial – NEJM Evidence
Commentary on Twitter
“In the first-line treatment of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer, intraperitoneal carboplatin resulted in a modest prolongation of PFS [progression-free survival] when given with dose-dense weekly paclitaxel regardless of residual tumor size….”#MedTwitter #ClinicalTrials
— NEJM Evidence (@NEJMEvidence) April 23, 2023
RCT | Oral fluvoxamine plus inhaled budesonide reduced hospitalizations in high-risk patients with early-onset COVID-19
24 Apr, 2023 | 13:51h | UTC
Commentary on Twitter
Treatment w/ oral fluvoxamine + inhaled budesonide among high-risk outpatients w/ early #COVID19 reduced incidence of severe disease requiring advanced care. The combined effect seems to offer benefits over individual use of each drug: https://t.co/wM2da5a5MD pic.twitter.com/Sl1qFzTOjD
— Annals of Int Med (@AnnalsofIM) April 19, 2023
RCT | Higher dose corticosteroids increase mortality in hypoxic COVID-19 patients on simple oxygen
24 Apr, 2023 | 13:55h | UTCEditorial: Higher-dose dexamethasone for patients with COVID-19 and hypoxaemia? – The Lancet
Commentary: Higher-dose corticosteroids tied to 60% more deaths in low-oxygen COVID patients – CIDRAP
Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)
Low-dose corticosteroids have been shown to reduce mortality for patients with COVID-19 requiring oxygen or ventilatory support.
A new study evaluated the use of a higher dose of corticosteroids in this patient group. https://t.co/uJGSYSBQAO
— The Lancet (@TheLancet) April 13, 2023
RCT | No difference in atrial fibrillation recurrence with early vs. delayed AF ablation at 12 months
24 Apr, 2023 | 13:49h | UTCImpact of Early Versus Delayed Atrial Fibrillation Catheter Ablation on Atrial Arrhythmia Recurrences – European Heart Journal (link to abstract – $ for full-text. Free PDF may be available here)
Commentary on Twitter
Early versus delayed ablation strategy in atrial fibrillation: read the impact on arrhythmia free survival on #EHJ!#EHRA2023 #EHJ #cardiotwitter #ablation #AF @ESC_Journals @escardio https://t.co/RW9RPry5Vi pic.twitter.com/2iHW49T3Wp
— EHJ Editor-in-Chief (@ehj_ed) April 18, 2023
RCT | Panitumumab vs. Bevacizumab added to 1st-line chemo in RAS wild-type left-sided metastatic colorectal cancer
24 Apr, 2023 | 13:41h | UTCPanitumumab vs Bevacizumab Added to Standard First-line Chemotherapy and Overall Survival Among Patients With RAS Wild-type, Left-Sided Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA (free for a limited period)
Editorial: Anti-EGFR Therapy for Left-Sided RAS Wild-type Colorectal Cancer—PARADIGM Shift – JAMA Oncology (free for a limited period)
Commentary on Twitter
Among patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer, adding panitumumab, vs bevacizumab, to standard first-line chemotherapy significantly improved overall survival in patients with left-sided tumors and in the overall population. https://t.co/Hjh9f3fN1z #AACR23 pic.twitter.com/uZxQUkfNbB
— JAMA (@JAMA_current) April 18, 2023
RCT | Stereotactic radiosurgery vs. conventional radiotherapy for localized vertebral metastases of the spine
24 Apr, 2023 | 13:37h | UTCStereotactic Radiosurgery vs Conventional Radiotherapy for Localized Vertebral Metastases of the Spine: Phase 3 Results of NRG Oncology/RTOG 0631 Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Oncology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Audio interview: Radiosurgery of Spine Metastasis—NRG/RTOG 0631 RCT Final Results – JAMA
Commentary on Twitter
Phase 3 rand trial of spinal radiosurgery vs. conventional external beam radiation therapy for pts w/spinal metastases showed radiosurgery did not significantly improve pain response at 3mo but showed feasibility that makes it widely used today. https://t.co/LvZY1nbUpS #RadOnc
— JAMA Oncology (@JAMAOnc) April 20, 2023
RCT | Piperacillin-tazobactam better than cefoxitin in antimicrobial prophylaxis for open pancreatoduodenectomy
21 Apr, 2023 | 13:08h | UTCPiperacillin-Tazobactam Compared With Cefoxitin as Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Pancreatoduodenectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA (free for a limited period)
Editorial: Informing a Rational Approach to Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Open Pancreatoduodenectomy – JAMA (free for a limited period)
Commentary on Twitter
Study findings support the use of piperacillin-tazobactam as perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis for open pancreatoduodenectomy. https://t.co/M9qAVrePRH pic.twitter.com/xq01qPTHQO
— JAMA (@JAMA_current) April 20, 2023
Review | The importance of using placebo controls in nonpharmacological randomized trials
21 Apr, 2023 | 13:02h | UTCThe importance of using placebo controls in nonpharmacological randomised trials – Pain
RCT | Efficacy and safety of ritlecitinib in adults and adolescents with alopecia areata
21 Apr, 2023 | 13:00h | UTCEfficacy and safety of ritlecitinib in adults and adolescents with alopecia areata: a randomised, double-blind, multicentre, phase 2b–3 trial – The Lancet (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
News Release: Progress in search for alopecia areata treatment for adolescents – Yale News
Commentary on Twitter
Ritlecitinib might be a treatment option for alopecia areata in patients aged 12 years and older, suggests a new study: https://t.co/jKUxEbo4AZ
Below, a graphical abstract 👇 pic.twitter.com/JIJtTGHeE4
— The Lancet (@TheLancet) April 17, 2023
RCT | Prophylactic tranexamic acid in cesarean delivery did not significantly reduce maternal death or transfusion risk
19 Apr, 2023 | 13:22h | UTCTranexamic Acid to Prevent Obstetrical Hemorrhage after Cesarean Delivery – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
News Release: Tranexamic acid does not appear to prevent maternal hemorrhage after cesarean delivery – National Institutes of Health
Commentary on Twitter
In a placebo-controlled trial involving patients undergoing cesarean delivery, prophylactic use of tranexamic acid did not lead to a significantly lower risk of a composite outcome of maternal death or blood transfusion. https://t.co/iB3axZiVqw pic.twitter.com/RDFUsspIr0
— NEJM (@NEJM) April 12, 2023
RCT | Blood donor’s sex does not impact transfusion recipients’ survival
19 Apr, 2023 | 13:20h | UTCEffect of Donor Sex on Recipient Mortality in Transfusion – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
News release: Sex of blood donor has no effect on recipient survival – Ottawa Hospital
Commentary on Twitter
Observational data are conflicting about whether donor sex influences mortality among transfusion recipients. In a multicenter trial in Canada involving 8719 patients, mortality was not influenced by blood-donor sex. https://t.co/54GKPXSXES pic.twitter.com/uYw1KT15py
— NEJM (@NEJM) April 12, 2023
RCT | Small benefit from pembrolizumab + gemcitabine/cisplatin vs. gemcitabine/cisplatin alone in advanced biliary tract cancer
19 Apr, 2023 | 13:10h | UTCPembrolizumab in combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin compared with gemcitabine and cisplatin alone for patients with advanced biliary tract cancer (KEYNOTE-966): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial – The Lancet (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary on Twitter
New @TheLancet – Kelley et al – Pembrolizumab plus gemcitabine and cisplatin vs gemcitabine and cisplatin alone for patients with advanced biliary tract cancer (KEYNOTE-966)https://t.co/ZbdRQwzSuW#gitwitter #onctwitter pic.twitter.com/PwoNAduQxK
— The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology (@LancetGastroHep) April 18, 2023
RCT | Operative hysteroscopy vs. vacuum aspiration for incomplete spontaneous abortion
18 Apr, 2023 | 13:04h | UTCOperative Hysteroscopy vs Vacuum Aspiration for Incomplete Spontaneous Abortion: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary on Twitter
Study does not support the use of hysteroscopy as the first-line surgical treatment for patients with incomplete spontaneous abortions. https://t.co/pNI9XOmzae pic.twitter.com/FgWytS2XeR
— JAMA (@JAMA_current) April 14, 2023
RCT | MRI–guided vs CT–guided stereotactic body radiotherapy for prostate cancer
18 Apr, 2023 | 12:52h | UTC
RCT | Heterogeneity in blood pressure response to 4 antihypertensive drugs
17 Apr, 2023 | 13:14h | UTCHeterogeneity in Blood Pressure Response to 4 Antihypertensive Drugs: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA (free for a limited period)
News Release: Personalized blood pressure treatment more effective – Uppsala University
Phase 2 RCT | High-dose VE303 reduces recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection rates
17 Apr, 2023 | 13:12h | UTCVE303, a Defined Bacterial Consortium, for Prevention of Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA (free for a limited period)
See also: Visual Abstract
RCT | Exercise and protein intervention may improve resilience and reduce frailty in seniors
17 Apr, 2023 | 13:04h | UTC
Phase 2 RCT | Dersimelagon in erythropoietic protoporphyrias
17 Apr, 2023 | 13:05h | UTCDersimelagon in Erythropoietic Protoporphyrias – News England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary on Twitter
In a phase 2 trial, once-daily oral treatment with dersimelagon safely improved tolerance to sun exposure in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria and X-linked protoporphyria. https://t.co/peZye8R5T7 pic.twitter.com/DO2HmKkM1f
— NEJM (@NEJM) April 12, 2023
RCT | Zolbetuximab plus mFOLFOX6 in CLDN18.2+ HER2- advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma
17 Apr, 2023 | 13:00h | UTCZolbetuximab plus mFOLFOX6 in patients with CLDN18.2-positive, HER2-negative, untreated, locally advanced unresectable or metastatic gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (SPOTLIGHT): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial – The Lancet (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
News Release: Results from Astellas’ Phase 3 SPOTLIGHT Trial of Investigational Zolbetuximab Published in The Lancet – PR Newswire
RCT | Safety of Fezolinetant for vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause
17 Apr, 2023 | 12:54h | UTCRelated:
RCT | Fezolinetant for treatment of moderate-to-severe vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause
RCT | Efficacy of Fezolinetant in moderate-to-severe vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause
The earlier the better: an RCT of treatment timing effects for toddlers on the autism spectrum
17 Apr, 2023 | 12:52h | UTC
RCT | 10-year results show low-dose tamoxifen reduces noninvasive breast cancer recurrence
17 Apr, 2023 | 12:50h | UTCRandomized Placebo Controlled Trial of Low-Dose Tamoxifen to Prevent Recurrence in Breast Noninvasive Neoplasia: A 10-Year Follow-Up of TAM-01 Study – Journal of Clinical Oncology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)