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Infectious Diseases (all articles)

Heterologous AstraZeneca/Pfizer vaccination seems to be associated with increased effectiveness against Covid-19 compared to homologous Pfizer/Pfizer vaccination.

27 Oct, 2021 | 01:44h | UTC

Immunogenicity and efficacy of heterologous ChadOx1/BNT162b2 vaccination – Nature

Related:

Cohort Study: The effectiveness of heterologous AstraZeneca (AZ)/mRNA prime-boost vaccination was more significant (68%) compared to the effectiveness of homologous AZ/AZ vaccination (50%) against symptomatic Covid-19 infection in Sweden.

Should You Mix and Match Your Booster Shot?

Study evaluated several heterologous SARS-CoV-2 vaccine regimens; no efficacy data but there was increased antibody production on study days 15 and 29 after booster shots from Moderna and Pfizer.

A primer on what we know about mixing and matching Covid vaccines.

Real-world data shows increased reactogenicity in adults after heterologous compared to homologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccination.

RCT: Safety and immunogenicity of heterologous vs. homologous prime-boost schedules with an adenoviral vectored and mRNA COVID-19 vaccine.

Another study shows increased immune response with heterologous Oxford-AstraZeneca/mRNA vaccination.

Heterologous Oxford–AstraZeneca and Moderna Vaccination induce increased levels of neutralizing antibody compared to 2 doses of Oxford–AstraZeneca.

Heterologous Oxford–AstraZeneca and BioNTech/Pfizer Vaccination induce increased levels of neutralizing antibody compared to 2 doses of Oxford–AstraZeneca.

[Preprint] Mixing Covid jabs has good immune response, study finds – “The Com-Cov trial looked at the efficacy of either two doses of Pfizer, two of AstraZeneca, or one of them followed by the other. All combinations worked well, priming the immune system”.

Phase 2 RCT: Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a Pfizer-BioNTech booster in patients that have received a single dose of AstraZeneca vaccine – “BNT162b2 (Pfizer) given as a second dose in individuals prime vaccinated with ChAdOx1-S (AstraZeneca) induced a robust immune response, with an acceptable and manageable reactogenicity profile”.

Lab study shows heterologous AstraZeneca/Pfizer vaccination produces strong immune response against SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant.

Lab study shows a heterologous AstraZeneca + Pfizer immunization strategy provides stronger immunogenicity against Covid compared to homologous AZ + AZ or Pfizer + Pfizer strategies.

RCT: Mixing 2 different Covid vaccines is associated with increased risk of side effects.

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

What game theory can teach us about controlling pandemics.

27 Oct, 2021 | 01:39h | UTC

What game theory can teach us about controlling pandemics – The BMJ Opinion

 

Commentary on Twitter

https://twitter.com/glassmanamanda/status/1451498564044136450

 

COVID super-immunity: one of the pandemic’s great puzzles – “People who have previously recovered from COVID-19 have a stronger immune response after being vaccinated than those who have never been infected. Scientists are trying to find out why”.

27 Oct, 2021 | 01:41h | UTC

COVID super-immunity: one of the pandemic’s great puzzles – Nature

 

Systematic Review: Antibiotics for the treatment of COVID‐19 – “We are certain that risk of death in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients is not reduced by treatment with azithromycin after 28 days”.

26 Oct, 2021 | 02:07h | UTC

Antibiotics for the treatment of COVID‐19 – Cochrane Library

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

[Press release – not published yet] Moderna says its COVID vaccine produced a strong antibody response for kids 6 to 11.

26 Oct, 2021 | 02:06h | UTC

Press release: Moderna Announces Positive Top Line Data from Phase 2/3 Study of COVID-19 Vaccine in Children 6 to 11 Years of Age

Commentary: Moderna says new data supports its COVID vaccine for kids 6 to 11 – NPR

 

Case Series: Toxic effects from ivermectin use associated with prevention and treatment of Covid-19.

26 Oct, 2021 | 02:02h | UTC

Toxic Effects from Ivermectin Use Associated with Prevention and Treatment of Covid-19 – New England Journal of Medicine

 

Pragmatic randomized trial found similar rates of surgical site infectious with 2% alcoholic chlorhexidine skin preparation compared with povidone–iodine, or with triclosan-coated sutures compared with non-coated sutures.

26 Oct, 2021 | 01:52h | UTC

Reducing surgical site infections in low-income and middle-income countries (FALCON): a pragmatic, multicentre, stratified, randomised controlled trial – The Lancet

Commentaries:

Prevention of surgical site infection in low-resource settings – The Lancet

Urgent changes needed to global guidelines designed to stop surgical infection – University of Birmingham

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Infection with Covid-19 carries a much higher risk of developing neurological complications than Covid-19 vaccines.

26 Oct, 2021 | 02:04h | UTC

News Release: Infection with Covid-19 carries a much higher risk of developing neurological complications than a vaccine, says new study – University of Nottingham

Original Study: Neurological complications after first dose of COVID-19 vaccines and SARS-CoV-2 infection – Nature Medicine

Commentaries:

Covid: Vaccine study links virus to rare neurological illness – BBC

Expert reaction to study looking at rare neurological complications after SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination – Science Media Centre

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Cohort Study: Bacterial Superinfection Pneumonia in Patients Mechanically Ventilated for COVID-19 Pneumonia – “Bacterial superinfection within 48 hours of intubation was detected in 21 percent of patients”.

26 Oct, 2021 | 01:59h | UTC

Bacterial Superinfection Pneumonia in Patients Mechanically Ventilated for COVID-19 Pneumonia – American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Commentary: Potential Overuse of Antibiotics Found in Patients with Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia – American Thoracic Society

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

COVID: how worried should we be about the new AY.4.2 lineage of the coronavirus?

26 Oct, 2021 | 02:01h | UTC

COVID: how worried should we be about the new AY.4.2 lineage of the coronavirus? – The Conversation

 

What It Means To Be Fully Vaccinated.

26 Oct, 2021 | 01:57h | UTC

What It Means To Be Fully Vaccinated – Think Global Health

 

M-A: Strategies for antibiotic administration for bowel preparation among patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery – “the addition of oral antibiotics to intravenous antibiotics was associated with a reduction in the incidence of incisional surgical site infection by more than 50%”.

26 Oct, 2021 | 01:42h | UTC

Strategies for Antibiotic Administration for Bowel Preparation Among Patients Undergoing Elective Colorectal Surgery: A Network Meta-analysis – JAMA Surgery (free for a limited period)

Commentaries:

Bowel Preparation for Colorectal Surgery: Have All Questions Been Answered? – JAMA Surgery (free for a limited period)

Oral Abx Cut Surgical Site Infections in Colorectal Surgeries — Network meta-analysis finds over 50% SSI reduction with addition of oral to IV antibiotics – MedPage Today (free registration required)

Oral + IV Antibiotics for Bowel Prep Significantly Reduces Surgical Site Infections – Physician’s Weekly

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Opinion | COVID STEROID-2: Double the steroid, double the fun? – “Dexamethasone 6 mg/day alone is likely suboptimal for most patients with severe COVID pneumonia. Dexamethasone 12 mg/day may provide a reasonable intensity of immunomodulation”.

25 Oct, 2021 | 00:01h | UTC

COVID STEROID-2: Double the steroid, double the fun? – PulmCrit

Original study: RCT: In adults with Covid-19 and severe hypoxemia, 12 mg vs. 6 mg of Dexamethasone did not result in a statistically significant difference in the number of days alive without life support.

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Review: Does infection with or vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 lead to lasting immunity?

25 Oct, 2021 | 00:03h | UTC

Does infection with or vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 lead to lasting immunity? – The Lancet Respiratory Medicine

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Half doses, third doses, kids’ doses: Covid vaccine delivery goes next-level difficult.

24 Oct, 2021 | 23:52h | UTC

Half doses, third doses, kids’ doses: Covid vaccine delivery goes next-level difficult – STAT

 

Review: Cardiac involvement in the long-term implications of COVID-19.

24 Oct, 2021 | 23:59h | UTC

Cardiac involvement in the long-term implications of COVID-19 – Nature Reviews Cardiology

 

How you’ll know when Covid-19 has gone from “pandemic” to “endemic”.

24 Oct, 2021 | 23:53h | UTC

How you’ll know when Covid-19 has gone from “pandemic” to “endemic” – Vox

 

AstraZeneca vaccination not linked to reduced fertility rates and adverse birth outcomes.

24 Oct, 2021 | 23:58h | UTC

Fertility rates and birth outcomes after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccination – The Lancet

Related:

A case-controlled study showed Covid-19 vaccination during early pregnancy was not associated with increased risk of first-trimester miscarriage.

Editorial: Covid-19 treatments and vaccines must be evaluated in pregnancy.

Cohort study: Vaccinated pregnant patients had 90% lower risk of severe or critical Covid-19 compared with unvaccinated pregnant patients.

Two observational studies suggest spontaneous abortion is not increased following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination during pregnancy.

Study shows high effectiveness of the Pfizer mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in pregnancy.

5 Crucial Things to Know About COVID-19 Vaccines and Pregnancy.

CDC Guidance: Pregnant people should be vaccinated against COVID-19.

ACOG and SMFM Recommend COVID-19 Vaccination for Pregnant Individuals – “ACOG encourages its members to enthusiastically recommend vaccination to their patients.”

Cohort study: Pfizer/BioNTech COVID vaccine associated with 78% lower risk of Covid-19 in pregnancy.

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Coronavirus: Chinese residents start receiving vaccine boosters.

24 Oct, 2021 | 23:51h | UTC

Coronavirus: Chinese residents start receiving vaccine boosters – South China Morning Post

 

2021 Interim Guidance to Health Care Providers for Basic and Advanced Cardiac Life Support in Adults, Children, and Neonates With Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19.

24 Oct, 2021 | 23:49h | UTC

2021 Interim Guidance to Health Care Providers for Basic and Advanced Cardiac Life Support in Adults, Children, and Neonates With Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19 – Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes

Commentary: CPR on a COVID Patient: Not a Moment to Waste Looking for PPE: Updated AHA guidance says resuscitation should not be delayed by mask availability – MedPage Today (free registration required)

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

The cost-effectiveness of cefazolin compared to anti-staphylococcal penicillins for the treatment of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.

24 Oct, 2021 | 23:41h | UTC

The cost-effectiveness of cefazolin compared to anti-staphylococcal penicillins for the treatment of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia – Open Forum of Infectious Diseases

Related:

Meta-Analysis: Cefazolin vs. Anti-staphylococcal Penicillins for the Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia

Meta-Analysis: Cefazolin vs. Antistaphylococcal Penicillins for MSSA Bacteremia

 

Commentaries on Twitter

 

M-A: In patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia, combination therapy does not reduce mortality and is associated with increased risks of adverse events.

24 Oct, 2021 | 23:42h | UTC

The Effect of Combination Therapy on Mortality and Adverse Events in Patients with Staphylococcus aureus Bacteraemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials – Infectious Diseases and Therapy

 

Perspective | The flawed science of antibody testing for SARS-CoV-2 immunity.

22 Oct, 2021 | 10:30h | UTC

The Flawed Science of Antibody Testing for SARS-CoV-2 Immunity – JAMA

 

[Press release – not published yet] A phase 3 trial with more than 10,000 participants showed a booster dose of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine had an efficacy of 95.6% against disease; there were 5 cases in the booster group and 109 cases in the non-boosted group, not classified according to severity.

22 Oct, 2021 | 10:34h | UTC

Pfizer and BioNTech Announce Phase 3 Trial Data Showing High Efficacy of a Booster Dose of Their COVID-19 Vaccine

Commentary: Booster dose of Pfizer/BioNTech coronavirus vaccine shows 95.6% efficacy in Phase 3 trial, companies say – CNN

 

Commentaries on Twitter

 

WHO estimates that between 80 000 to 180 000 health and care workers could have died from Covid-19.

22 Oct, 2021 | 10:29h | UTC

News release: WHO and partners call for action to better protect health and care workers from COVID-19 – World Health Organization

WHO Statement: joint statement on WHO’s estimates of health and care worker deaths due to covid-19

Report: The impact of COVID-19 on health and care workers: a closer look at deaths – World Health Organization

Commentaries:

WHO calls for health worker protection against COVID-19 – CIDRAP

WHO estimate: 115,000 health workers have died from Covid-19, as calls for vaccine access grow – STAT

Covid may have killed up to 180,000 health workers globally, WHO says – The Guardian

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

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