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Infectious Diseases (all articles)

Placebo effect accounts for more than two-thirds of COVID-19 vaccine adverse events, researchers find.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:53h | UTC

News Release: Placebo effect accounts for more than two-thirds of COVID-19 vaccine adverse events, researchers find – Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

Original Study: Frequency of Adverse Events in the Placebo Arms of COVID-19 Vaccine Trials: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis – JAMA Network Open

Commentary: ‘Nocebo effect’: two-thirds of Covid jab reactions not caused by vaccine, study suggests – The Guardian

 

The pandemic’s true death toll: millions more than official counts.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:57h | UTC

The pandemic’s true death toll: millions more than official counts – Nature

Related:

We can be confident there have been far more than 5 million global Covid deaths – “Estimating ‘excess’ fatalities, a more robust analysis method, puts the pandemic’s grim toll between 10m and 19m people”.

Global Covid-19 deaths surpass five million.

Effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on life expectancy and premature mortality in 2020 – this time series analysis showed there were more than 28 million excess years of life lost in 2020 in 31 countries.

Under-reporting of deaths limits our understanding of true burden of covid-19.

Study shows COVID-19 has caused the biggest decrease in life expectancy since World War II.

Just how do deaths due to COVID-19 stack up?

Tracking excess mortality across countries during the COVID-19 pandemic with the World Mortality Dataset.

Exploring the gap between excess mortality and COVID-19 deaths in 67 countries.

Report: Three new estimates of India’s all-cause excess mortality during the COVID-19 Pandemic – pandemic death toll estimated to be between 3.4 million and 4.9 million excess deaths.

COVID-19 has caused 6.9 million deaths globally, more than double what official reports show

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

RCT: In non–critically ill hospitalized patients with COVID-19, the use of a P2Y12 Inhibitor (ticagrelor in 63% of patients and clopidogrel in 37%) in addition to a therapeutic dose of heparin did not improve survival free of organ support compared to therapeutic heparin alone.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:56h | UTC

Effect of P2Y12 Inhibitors on Survival Free of Organ Support Among Non–Critically Ill Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA

Editorial: Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients With COVID-19—More Is Less? – JAMA

Commentary: Adding a P2Y12 Inhibitor Does Not Improve Outcomes in COVID-19 – HealthDay

 

Opinion: The COVID-Risk social contract is under negotiation.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:48h | UTC

The COVID-Risk Social Contract Is Under Negotiation – The Atlantic (a few articles per month are free)

 

Disruptions in maternal health service use during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020: experiences from 37 health facilities in low-income and middle-income countries.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:50h | UTC

Disruptions in maternal health service use during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020: experiences from 37 health facilities in low-income and middle-income countries – BMJ Global Health

 

Commentary from one of the authors on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

WHO says there’s no evidence healthy children and adolescents need Covid boosters.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:46h | UTC

WHO says there’s no evidence healthy children and adolescents need Covid boosters – CNBC

 

Opinion: The world won’t be able to boost its way out of the coronavirus pandemic.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:47h | UTC

The world won’t be able to boost its way out of the coronavirus pandemic – Politico

 

Fact check: The theory that SARS-CoV-2 is becoming milder.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:44h | UTC

Fact check: The theory that SARS-CoV-2 is becoming milder – NPR

 

RCT: Prolonging prophylactic intravenous antibiotic regimens not beneficial after endoprosthetic reconstruction for lower extremity bone tumors.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:37h | UTC

Comparison of Prophylactic Intravenous Antibiotic Regimens After Endoprosthetic Reconstruction for Lower Extremity Bone Tumors: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Oncology

Commentary: No Benefit Seen With Longer Antibiotic Course After Surgery for Bone Tumors – Cancer Therapy Advisor

 

RCT: In children with community-acquired pneumonia, outpatient antibiotic therapy for 5 days resulted in similar clinical response rates compared to a standard 10-day strategy.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:39h | UTC

Short- vs Standard-Course Outpatient Antibiotic Therapy for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children: The SCOUT-CAP Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Pediatrics (free for a limited period)

Commentaries:

Trial finds 5 days of antibiotics superior to 10 for kids with pneumonia – CIDRAP

Shorter antibiotics treatment is better for young children with outpatient pneumonia – Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Related:

ACP Guidance: Appropriate Use of Short-Course Antibiotics in Common Infections

RCT: 5 days of high-dose amoxicillin therapy noninferior to 10 days for the treatment of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia

RCT: Among children with community-acquired pneumonia discharged within 48 hours from the ED or hospital, lower-dose outpatient oral amoxicillin was noninferior to a higher dose, and a 3-day duration course was noninferior to 7 days.

Treatment of urinary tract infections in infants <2 Months: A Living Systematic Review – short and long duration of parenteral antibiotics were associated with a similar risk of UTI recurrence.

RCT: 7 days of antibiotic therapy as good as 14 days for afebrile men with urinary tract infection.

Randomized Trial: Seven vs. Fourteen Days of Antibiotic Therapy for Uncomplicated Gram-negative Bacteremia

Meta-Analysis: Efficacy of Short-Course Antibiotic Treatments for Community-Acquired Pneumonia

 

Clinical practice guidelines for therapeutic drug monitoring of teicoplanin.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:27h | UTC

Clinical practice guidelines for therapeutic drug monitoring of teicoplanin: a consensus review by the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy and the Japanese Society of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring – Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

 

Systematic Review: Intermittent prophylactic antibiotics for bronchiectasis.

19 Jan, 2022 | 08:33h | UTC

Intermittent prophylactic antibiotics for bronchiectasis – Cochrane Library

Summary: Long term antibiotics taken at regular intervals by people with bronchiectasis – Cochrane Library

 

COVAX delivers one billionth COVID-19 vaccine dose – but 41% of world remains unvaccinated.

18 Jan, 2022 | 09:56h | UTC

COVAX Delivers One Billionth COVID-19 Vaccine Dose – But 41% of World Remains Unvaccinated – Health Policy Watch

See also: COVID program delivers 1 billion doses to poorer countries – Associated Press

Related:

Is Covax finally going to vaccinate the world?

How Covax failed on its promise to vaccinate the world – “Covax, described as “naively ambitious” by one expert, has contributed just 5% of all vaccines administered globally”.

Perspective | A beautiful idea: how COVAX has fallen short.

WHO Launches Strategy to Achieve Global Covid-19 Vaccination by mid-2022.

WHO special envoys: To beat Covid, there’s a simple lesson – no one’s safe until everyone’s safe.

Joint COVAX Statement on the Equal Recognition of Vaccines – COVAX urges all government authorities to recognize as fully vaccinated all people who have received COVID-19 vaccines that have been deemed safe and effective by WHO.

WHO COVAX Joint Statement: Call to action to equip COVAX to deliver 2 billion doses in 2021.

Covax: How will Covid vaccines be shared around the world?

 

Measures implemented in the school setting to contain the COVID‐19 pandemic: a rapid review.

18 Jan, 2022 | 09:54h | UTC

Measures implemented in the school setting to contain the COVID‐19 pandemic: a rapid review – Cochrane Library

News Release: Measures implemented in the school setting to contain the COVID-19 pandemic: a rapid review – Cochrane Library

 

[Not published yet] Study in Israel finds fourth COVID booster has limited efficacy.

18 Jan, 2022 | 09:59h | UTC

Israel Finds Fourth COVID Booster is Ineffective, While Hospitalised Omicron Patients Fare Much Better Than Delta Patients – Health Policy Watch

See also:

Israeli trial, world’s first, finds 4th dose ‘not good enough’ against Omicron – The Times of Israel

Israel study: 4th vaccine shows limited results with omicron – MedicalXpress

 

COVID-19 updated evidence: a Cochrane round-up.

18 Jan, 2022 | 09:53h | UTC

COVID-19 evidence: a Cochrane round-up – Cochrane Library

 

Time to upgrade from cloth and surgical masks to respirators? Your questions answered.

18 Jan, 2022 | 09:48h | UTC

Time to upgrade from cloth and surgical masks to respirators? Your questions answered – The Conversation

See also: The CDC updated its mask guidelines. What to know about ‘the highest level of protection’ – CNN

Related: CDC urges Americans to wear most-protective mask or respirator that fits well and that they’ll wear consistently.

 

Study raises doubts about rapid Covid tests’ reliability in early days after infection.

18 Jan, 2022 | 09:51h | UTC

Study raises doubts about rapid Covid tests’ reliability in early days after infection – STAT

Original Article (preprint): Discordant SARS-CoV-2 PCR and Rapid Antigen Test Results When Infectious: A December 2021 Occupational Case Series – medRxiv

 

Review: Treatment of multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) in children and adolescents.

18 Jan, 2022 | 09:46h | UTC

Treatment of MIS-C in Children and Adolescents – Current Pediatrics Reports

See also: Clinical practice guidelines in multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) related to COVID-19: a critical review and recommendations – World Journal of Pediatrics

Related:

Review of 4,470 cases of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children in the US.

WHO issues guidelines on the treatment of children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19.

An Update on Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Related to SARS-CoV-2.

Ten Things to Know About Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C).

Cohort study: long term follow-up showed most patients with post–COVID-19 Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children had good outcomes with no significant medium- or long-term sequelae.

Kawasaki Disease and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: An Overview and Comparison.

Cohort study: Six month follow-up of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

Cohort study: Among children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C) associated with Covid-19, there was no evidence that recovery differed after primary treatment with intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) alone, IVIG plus glucocorticoids, or glucocorticoids alone.

Cohort study: Among children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C) associated with Covid-19, initial treatment with intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) plus glucocorticoids was associated with a lower risk of new or persistent cardiovascular dysfunction than IVIG alone.

Cohort study showed that the incidence of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) was 316 persons per 1 000 000 SARS-CoV-2 infections in persons younger than 21 years. The incidence was higher among Black, Hispanic or Latino, and Asian or Pacific Islander persons.

Cohort study showed good recovery for most children 6 months after Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome (PIMS-TS) associated with SARS-CoV-2.

Epidemiology of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Step Closer to Understanding Who, Where, and When

Neurologic involvement in children and adolescents with COVID-19 or Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome

Clinical Update: Acute covid-19 and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

Differences in characteristics and outcomes of children and adolescents with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) vs. severe acute COVID-19

Cutaneous findings in SARS-CoV-2-associated Multisystem Inflammatory Disease in Children (MIS-C)

SR: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children related to COVID-19

Observational study: The combination of Immunoglobulins + Methylprednisolone was associated with a better course of fever compared to Immunoglobulins alone in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in children

ACR Guidance for pediatric patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with SARS‐CoV‐2

New systematic review of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With SARS-CoV-2 infection summarizes the clinical features, management, and outcomes of the disease, showing favorable outcomes for the majority of children

 

Case series of Thrombosis with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome after Covid-19 vaccination in the US.

18 Jan, 2022 | 09:41h | UTC

Case Series of Thrombosis With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome After COVID-19 Vaccination—United States, December 2020 to August 2021 – Annals of Internal Medicine

Editorial: The Epidemiology of Thrombosis With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome: Analogies With Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia – Annals of Internal Medicine

 

Shoulder injury related to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine administration.

18 Jan, 2022 | 09:40h | UTC

Shoulder injury related to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine administration – Canadian Medical Association Journal

 

Perspective | Post-acute neurological consequences of COVID-19: an unequal burden – “COVID-19 and its neurological consequences particularly burden marginalized communities, and so can only be effectively treated by advancing health equity”.

18 Jan, 2022 | 09:44h | UTC

Post-acute neurological consequences of COVID-19: an unequal burden – Nature Medicine

 

ACP Guideline: Diagnosis and management of acute left-sided colonic diverticulitis.

18 Jan, 2022 | 09:38h | UTC

Diagnosis and Management of Acute Left-Sided Colonic Diverticulitis: A Clinical Guideline From the American College of Physicians – Annals of Internal Medicine

Related Guideline: Colonoscopy for Diagnostic Evaluation and Interventions to Prevent Recurrence After Acute Left-Sided Colonic Diverticulitis: A Clinical Guideline From the American College of Physicians – Annals of Internal Medicine

Related Systematic Reviews:

Diagnostic Imaging and Medical Management of Acute Left-Sided Colonic Diverticulitis: A Systematic Review – Annals of Internal Medicine

Evaluation and Management After Acute Left-Sided Colonic Diverticulitis: A Systematic Review – Annals of Internal Medicine

Annals Video Summary: Diagnostic Imaging and Medical Management of Acute Left-Sided Colonic Diverticulitis: A Systematic Review – Annals of Internal Medicine

News Release: ACP releases two new clinical guidelines on the diagnosis and management of diverticulitis – American College of Physicians

 

Cluster-randomized trial: Antiseptic bathing with 2% chlorhexidine-impregnated cloths and 0.08% octenidine wash mitts were not effective for preventing central-line associated bloodstream infections in intensive care patients.

18 Jan, 2022 | 09:18h | UTC

Effect of antiseptic bathing with chlorhexidine or octenidine on central-line associated bloodstream infections in intensive care patients: a cluster-randomised controlled trial – Clinical Microbiology and Infection

 

WHO recommends two new drugs (Baricitinib and Sotrovimab) to treat COVID-19.

17 Jan, 2022 | 00:48h | UTC

News release: WHO recommends two new drugs to treat COVID-19 – World Health Organization

Infographic with the updated recommendations: A living WHO guideline on drugs for covid-19 – The BMJ

Commentaries:

WHO Recommends Two New COVID-19 Treatments – Cost and Availability Likely Barriers – Health Policy Watch

Expert reaction to WHO recommending two drugs, sotrovimab and baricitinib, to treat patients with COVID-19 – Science Media Centre

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

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