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Chest Medicine

RCT: Fast multiplex bacterial PCR of bronchoalveolar lavage for antibiotic stewardship in hospitalized patients with pneumonia at risk of Gram-negative bacterial infection.

31 May, 2022 | 10:55h | UTC

Fast multiplex bacterial PCR of bronchoalveolar lavage for antibiotic stewardship in hospitalised patients with pneumonia at risk of Gram-negative bacterial infection (Flagship II): a multicentre, randomised controlled trial – The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Analysis/Opinion: The unintended consequences of COVID-19 vaccine policy: “why mandates, passports and restrictions may cause more harm than good”.

30 May, 2022 | 11:46h | UTC

The unintended consequences of COVID-19 vaccine policy: why mandates, passports and restrictions may cause more harm than good – BMJ Global Health

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

Right ventricular failure is strongly associated with mortality in patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19-related ARDS and appears related to respiratory worsening.

27 May, 2022 | 12:17h | UTC

Right ventricular failure is strongly associated with mortality in patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19-related ARDS and appears related to respiratory worsening – Intensive Care Medicine

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Cohort Study: Thromboembolic risk in patients with pneumonia and new-onset atrial fibrillation not receiving anticoagulation therapy.

27 May, 2022 | 11:47h | UTC

Thromboembolic Risk in Patients With Pneumonia and New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation Not Receiving Anticoagulation Therapy – JAMA Network Open

 

M-A: Efficacy of physiotherapy interventions on weaning in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients.

27 May, 2022 | 11:29h | UTC

Efficacy of Physiotherapy Interventions on Weaning in Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis – Frontiers in Medicine

 

Cohort Study: Protection and waning of natural and hybrid immunity to SARS-CoV-2.

26 May, 2022 | 11:07h | UTC

Protection and Waning of Natural and Hybrid Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 – New England Journal of Medicine

Editorial: Audio Interview: Waning Immunity against Covid-19

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Study Commentary: Long COVID risk falls only slightly after vaccination, huge study shows.

26 May, 2022 | 11:25h | UTC

Commentary: Long COVID risk falls only slightly after vaccination, huge study shows – Nature

Original Study: Long COVID after breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection – Nature Medicine

 

Commentary from the author on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

Cohort Study: Trajectory of long covid symptoms after covid-19 vaccination.

26 May, 2022 | 11:23h | UTC

Trajectory of long covid symptoms after covid-19 vaccination: community based cohort study – The BMJ

Editorial: Are vaccines a potential treatment for long covid? – The BMJ

News Release: Vaccination after SARS-CoV-2 infection linked to a decrease in long covid symptoms – BMJ Newsroom

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Test-negative, case–control study: effectiveness of homologous and heterologous Covid-19 boosters against Omicron.

26 May, 2022 | 10:59h | UTC

Effectiveness of Homologous and Heterologous Covid-19 Boosters against Omicron – New England Journal of Medicine

 

RCT: Baricitinib vs. dexamethasone for adults hospitalized with COVID-19.

25 May, 2022 | 11:38h | UTC

Baricitinib versus dexamethasone for adults hospitalised with COVID-19 (ACTT-4): a randomised, double-blind, double placebo-controlled trial – The Lancet Respiratory Medicine

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Cohort Study: Analysis of neuropsychiatric diagnoses after montelukast initiation.

25 May, 2022 | 11:05h | UTC

Analysis of Neuropsychiatric Diagnoses After Montelukast Initiation – JAMA Network Open

Related:

FDA requires Boxed Warning about serious mental health side effects for asthma and allergy drug montelukast (Singulair); advises restricting use for allergic rhinitis – U.S. Food & Drug Administration

Adverse drug reactions of montelukast in children and adults – Pharmacology Research & Perspectives

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Cohort Study: Risk of venous thromboembolism in men with prostate cancer compared with men in the general population.

25 May, 2022 | 11:01h | UTC

Risk of venous thromboembolism in men with prostate cancer compared with men in the general population: a nationwide population-based cohort study in Sweden – BMJ Open

News Release: Men with prostate cancer have a higher risk of serious blood clots – BMJ

 

Commentary on Twitter

Under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ license

 

Systematic Review: Xpert MTB/XDR for detection of pulmonary tuberculosis and resistance to isoniazid, fluoroquinolones, ethionamide, and amikacin.

25 May, 2022 | 10:46h | UTC

Xpert MTB/XDR for detection of pulmonary tuberculosis and resistance to isoniazid, fluoroquinolones, ethionamide, and amikacin – Cochrane Library

Summary: Xpert MTB/XDR, a rapid test for resistance to tuberculosis drugs – Cochrane Library

 

Modeling Study: 20% of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis cases in children could be averted by household testing and treatment.

25 May, 2022 | 10:44h | UTC

News Release: 20% of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis cases in children could be averted by household testing and treatment – London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine

Original Study: The global impact of household contact management for children on multidrug-resistant and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis cases, deaths, and health-system costs in 2019: a modelling study – The Lancet Global Health

Invited Commentary: Investing in drug-resistant tuberculosis household contact management and preventive treatment – The Lancet Global Health

 

Cohort Study: Pneumococcal urinary antigen testing for antimicrobial guidance in community-acquired pneumonia.

24 May, 2022 | 07:36h | UTC

Pneumococcal urinary antigen testing for antimicrobial guidance in community-acquired pneumonia: a register-based cohort study – Journal of Infection

 

Commentary on Twitter

Under a CC BY 4.0 license

 

Strategies to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia, ventilator-associated events, and nonventilator hospital-acquired pneumonia in acute-care hospitals: 2022 Update.

23 May, 2022 | 01:58h | UTC

Strategies to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia, ventilator-associated events, and nonventilator hospital-acquired pneumonia in acute-care hospitals: 2022 Update – Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology

 

Commentary on Twitter

Under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ license

 

NICE rapid guideline update on the management of Covid-19.

23 May, 2022 | 01:56h | UTC

COVID-19 rapid guideline: managing COVID-19 – National Institute for Health and Care Excellence

 

RCT: High-flow nasal oxygen is not beneficial for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and mild hypoxemia.

23 May, 2022 | 01:51h | UTC

High-flow nasal oxygen versus conventional oxygen therapy in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and mild hypoxaemia: a randomised controlled trial – Thorax

 

Covid-19: Second boosters may benefit at-risk groups but have “minimal” impact for others, says WHO.

20 May, 2022 | 11:08h | UTC

Covid-19: Second boosters may benefit at-risk groups but have “minimal” impact for others, says WHO – The BMJ

Original Statement: Interim statement on the use of additional booster doses of Emergency Use Listed mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 – World Health Organization

Related recommendations:

COVID-19: Joint statement from ECDC and EMA on the administration of a fourth dose of mRNA vaccines –
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control

Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: FDA Authorizes Second Booster Dose of Two COVID-19 Vaccines for Older and Immunocompromised Individuals – U.S. Food & Drug Administration

 

COVID-19 evidence: a Cochrane round-up.

20 May, 2022 | 11:14h | UTC

COVID-19 evidence: a Cochrane round-up – Cochrane Library

 

Systematic Review: Thoracic imaging tests for the diagnosis of COVID‐19.

20 May, 2022 | 11:13h | UTC

Thoracic imaging tests for the diagnosis of COVID‐19 – Cochrane Library

Summary: How accurate is chest imaging for diagnosing COVID-19? – Cochrane Library

Related: Review of Thoracic Imaging Manifestations of COVID-19 and Other Pathologic Coronaviruses – Radiology Clinics of North America

 

M-A: Antibiotic duration for community acquired pneumonia in outpatient children in high-income countries – treatment duration of 3–5 days is equally effective and safe vs. 7–10 days.

20 May, 2022 | 11:10h | UTC

Antibiotic treatment duration for community acquired pneumonia in outpatient children in high-income countries – a systematic review and meta-analysis – Clinical Infectious Diseases

Related:

Antibiotics for Pediatric Pneumonia: Might Less Be Enough? – Annals of Emergency Medicine

Effect of Amoxicillin Dose and Treatment Duration on the Need for Antibiotic Re-treatment in Children With Community-Acquired Pneumonia: The CAP-IT Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA

Extended Versus Standard Antibiotic Course Duration in Children <5 Years of Age Hospitalized With Community-acquired Pneumonia in High-risk Settings: Four-week Outcomes of a Multicenter, Double-blind, Parallel, Superiority Randomized Controlled Trial – The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

Short- vs Standard-Course Outpatient Antibiotic Therapy for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children: The SCOUT-CAP Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Pediatrics

Appropriate Use of Short-Course Antibiotics in Common Infections: Best Practice Advice From the American College of Physicians – Annals of Internal Medicine

Short-Course Antimicrobial Therapy for Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia: The SAFER Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Pediatrics

Efficacy of short-course antibiotic treatments for community-acquired pneumonia in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis – Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Cytomegalovirus blood reactivation in COVID-19 critically ill patients: risk factors and impact on mortality.

20 May, 2022 | 11:06h | UTC

Cytomegalovirus blood reactivation in COVID-19 critically ill patients: risk factors and impact on mortality – Intensive Care Medicine

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Pollution and health: a progress update.

19 May, 2022 | 11:12h | UTC

Pollution and health: a progress update – The Lancet Planetary Health

Commentaries:

One in six killed by pollution worldwide, study finds – CNN

Pollution responsible for one in six deaths across planet, scientists warn – The Guardian

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

The pandemic’s true health cost: how much of our lives has COVID stolen?

19 May, 2022 | 11:09h | UTC

The pandemic’s true health cost: how much of our lives has COVID stolen? – Nature

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

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