Chest Medicine (all articles)
Directly Observed Therapy for Multidrug-Resistant TB Decreases Mortality
23 May, 2017 | 14:29h | UTC#ATS2017 – Directly Observed Therapy for Multidrug-Resistant TB Decreases Mortality – ATS 2017 Conference (free summary)
Directly Observed Therapy (DOT) for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) was associated with a 77 percent decrease in mortality in observational study.
Time to Treatment and Mortality during Mandated Emergency Care for Sepsis
19 May, 2017 | 18:08h | UTCCommentary: Doctors have resisted guidelines to treat sepsis. New study suggests those guidelines save lives – STAT News (free)
“For every hour you delay antibiotics in sepsis, mortality goes up” (RT @CMichaelGibson see Tweet)
“Trauma: Golden Hour
Cardiology: Time is muscle
Neurology: Time is brain
Sepsis: Early antibiotics to survive”
(interesting remark by @CMichaelGibson see Tweet)
Long-term oxygen therapy shows no benefit for moderate lung disease
18 May, 2017 | 17:51h | UTCLong-term oxygen therapy shows no benefit for moderate lung disease – NIHR Signal: Dissemination Centre Discover Portal (free)
Original article: A Randomized Trial of Long-Term Oxygen for COPD with Moderate Desaturation – New England Journal of Medicine (free)
Patients with stable COPD and moderate resting desaturation (Spo2, 89 to 93%) or moderate exercise-induced desaturation (during the 6-minute walk test, Spo2 ≥80% for ≥5 minutes and <90% for ≥10 seconds) don’t seem to benefit from supplemental oxygen therapy.
Cough in Children – Chest Guidelines
17 May, 2017 | 20:21h | UTCCough in Children – Chest Guidelines
Use of Management Pathways or Algorithms in Children With Chronic Cough: CHEST Guideline and Expert Panel Report (free) AND Management of Children With Chronic Wet Cough and Protracted Bacterial Bronchitis: CHEST Guideline and Expert Panel Report (free)
See also other recent CHEST guidelines on the management of cough in Adults: Chronic Cough Due to Gastroesophageal Reflux in Adults (free) AND Symptomatic Treatment of Cough Among Adult Patients With Lung Cancer (free) AND / Cough in the athlete (free) AND / Occupational and Environmental Contributions to Chronic Cough in Adults (free) AND / Treatment of Unexplained Chronic Cough (free)
Therapeutic Approach to Adult Fibrotic Lung Diseases
17 May, 2017 | 20:15h | UTCTherapeutic Approach to Adult Fibrotic Lung Diseases – Chest (free)
Source: Hospital Medicine Virtual Journal Club
BTS guideline for oxygen use in adults in healthcare and emergency settings
16 May, 2017 | 20:05h | UTCBTS guideline for oxygen use in adults in healthcare and emergency settings – British Thoracic Society (free PDF via Critical Care Reviews)
Can Endgame Tobacco radically reduce cigarette smoking?
12 May, 2017 | 19:35h | UTCCan Endgame Tobacco radically reduce cigarette smoking? – Healthy Debate (free) (RT @IrfanDhalla see Tweet)
Related: The tobacco endgame: a qualitative review and synthesis – Tobacco Control (free) AND It’s time to focus on an endgame for tobacco regulation – The Conversation (free)
“The “Tobacco Endgame” concept moves thinking away from the mere control of tobacco towards plans for ending the tobacco pandemic, and foresees a tobacco-free future” (from The Conversation)
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in India, the Philippines, Russia, and South Africa
11 May, 2017 | 18:41h | UTCEstimating the future burden of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in India, the Philippines, Russia, and South Africa: a mathematical modelling study – The Lancet Infectious Diseases (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentaries: Drug Resistant TB Is Predicted To Steadily Spread In 4 Countries – NPR Goats and Soda (free) AND The Deadliest Form Of Tuberculosis Is Snowballing In Countries That Are Already Hard Hit – Huffington Post (free) AND Researchers Predict Increase in Drug-resistant TB – VOA News (free) AND Drug-resistant tuberculosis strains gain foothold – Science (free)
See also our coverage of #WorldTBDay in our March 24th issue
Guidelines for Management of Incidental Pulmonary Nodules Detected on CT Images
6 May, 2017 | 20:34h | UTCSource: Management of Pulmonary Nodules Found Incidentally on Computed Tomography Scans – Journal Watch (free)
Incidental pulmonary nodules discovered outside the context of screening or cancer follow-up are increasingly common in clinical practice. The purpose of these updated recommendations is to reduce the number of unnecessary follow-up examinations while providing practical guidance on follow-up intervals for selected larger nodules.
World Asthma Day (May 2, 2017)
3 May, 2017 | 17:33h | UTCWorld Asthma Day (May 2, 2017): Asthma Updated Fact Sheet – World Health Organization (free)
Related: Cochrane Evidence resources related to World Asthma Day (free summaries)
CPAP Use in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: What a Cardiologist Needs to Know
2 May, 2017 | 17:17h | UTCReview: CPAP Use in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: What a Cardiologist Needs to Know – American College of Cardiology, Latest in Cardiology(free)
Echocardiography and lung ultrasonography for the assessment and management of acute heart failure
2 May, 2017 | 17:18h | UTCExpert consensus document: Echocardiography and lung ultrasonography for the assessment and management of acute heart failure – Nature Reviews Cardiology (free)
Source: Critical Care Reviews Newsletter
Review: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
2 May, 2017 | 17:16h | UTCReview: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – European Respiratory Review (free)
Guidelines for treatment of drug-susceptible tuberculosis and patient care
1 May, 2017 | 16:52h | UTCGuidelines for treatment of drug-susceptible tuberculosis and patient care (2017 update) – World Health Organization (free) (RT @paimadhusee Tweet)
Adjuvant Systemic Therapy and Adjuvant Radiation Therapy for Stage I to IIIA Completely Resected Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancers
1 May, 2017 | 16:48h | UTC
Tobacco packaging design for reducing tobacco use
28 Apr, 2017 | 16:41h | UTCSystematic review: Tobacco packaging design for reducing tobacco use – Cochrane Library (link to summary – $ for full-text)
News release: Standardised tobacco packaging: will banning branding cut down smoking? (free)
See also: Standardised cigarette packaging is on its way, but will it reduce smoking? – The Guardian (free)
New evidence finds standardized cigarette packaging may reduce the number of people who smoke.
The efficacy of bedside chest ultrasound
24 Apr, 2017 | 15:23h | UTCReview: The efficacy of bedside chest ultrasound: from accuracy to outcomes – European Respiratory Review (free)
Maternal asthma: Management strategies
19 Apr, 2017 | 14:16h | UTCMaternal asthma: Management strategies – Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine (free)
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer – NCCN Guideline
18 Apr, 2017 | 14:07h | UTCNon-Small Cell Lung Cancer – NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (free)
Short term use of oral corticosteroids and related harms
13 Apr, 2017 | 16:07h | UTCCorticosteroids, even if used for short periods of time, seems to be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In this retrospective cohort with 1.5 million adults, the incidence of acute adverse events (sepsis, venous thromboembolism, fracture) increased by twofold to fivefold above background rates.
Global burden of disease attributable to ambient air pollution
12 Apr, 2017 | 15:57h | UTCRelated commentary: Tallying the bills of mortality from air pollution (free)
4.2 million deaths globally were attributable to fine particles and another 254 000 to surface ozone in 2015. The article also has details on country-specific deaths and disability-adjusted life-years from 1990 through 2015.
Respiratory effect of beta-blockers in people with asthma and cardiovascular disease
11 Apr, 2017 | 15:48h | UTCRespiratory effect of beta-blockers in people with asthma and cardiovascular disease: population-based nested case control study – BMC Medicine (free) (RT @atscommunity)
Cardioselective beta-blockers, mostly atenolol and bisoprolol in this cohort, were not associated with increased risk of moderate or severe asthma exacerbations. In contrast, non-selective beta-blockers, mostly sotalol and carvedilol in this cohort, were associated with increased risk.
Antipsychotics May Boost Respiratory Failure Risk in COPD – MedPage Today
7 Apr, 2017 | 15:50h | UTCAssociation Between Antipsychotic Agents and Risk of Acute Respiratory Failure in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease – JAMA Psychiatry (Link to abstract – $ required for full-text) (RT @atscommunity)
See also: Antipsychotics Tied to Respiratory Failure in At-Risk Patients – Medscape (free registration required) AND Antipsychotics May Boost Respiratory Failure Risk in COPD – MedPage Today (free registration required)
Smoking causes one in ten deaths globally, major new study reveals
7 Apr, 2017 | 15:52h | UTCRelated commentary: Death, disease, and tobacco (free)
Explore data visualizations by The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) (free)
See also: Smoking causes one in ten deaths globally, major new study reveals – The Guardian (free)
See also: Other articles from The Global Burden of Diseases Study (free)
Inhaled Corticosteroids May Raise Women’s Risk of the Metabolic Syndrome
6 Apr, 2017 | 15:10h | UTCInhaled Corticosteroids May Raise Women’s Risk of the Metabolic Syndrome – NewsWise (free)
See also: Inhaled Corticosteroid Use May Up Metabolic Syndrome Risk – MPR (free)
This study was presented at #ENDO2017 and hasn’t been published yet.