Chest Medicine
Positive airway pressure doesn’t reduce cardiovascular events and death in adults with sleep apnea
12 Jul, 2017 | 15:01h | UTCAssociation of Positive Airway Pressure With Cardiovascular Events and Death in Adults With Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis – JAMA (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentaries: More Doubt Cast on CPAP for Reducing CVD Risk in Sleep Apnea Patients – MedPage Today (free registration required) AND Positive airway pressure doesn’t reduce heart risk with sleep apnea – Reuters (free)
“PAP for obstructive sleep apnea improves quality of life but not CV events or BP with up to 5 years of follow up” (RT @AnilMakam see Tweet)
Global burden of respiratory syncytial virus in young children
9 Jul, 2017 | 00:42h | UTCInvited commentary: Determining the burden of respiratory syncytial virus disease: the known and the unknown (free)
Commentary: Experts urge action to cut child deaths from deadly lung virus – University of Edinburgh, via EurekAlert (free)
“We estimated that globally in 2015, 33.1 million episodes of RSV-ALRI, resulted in about 3.2 million hospital admissions, and 59 600 in-hospital deaths in children younger than 5 years”. (RT @greg_folkers see Tweet)
Effect of azithromycin on asthma exacerbations and quality of life in adults with persistent uncontrolled asthma
7 Jul, 2017 | 14:03h | UTCEffect of azithromycin on asthma exacerbations and quality of life in adults with persistent uncontrolled asthma (AMAZES): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial – The Lancet (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentaries: Add-On Azithromycin Associated with Fewer Asthma Exacerbations – Physician’s First Watch (free)
The use of high-frequency ventilation during general anaesthesia
7 Jul, 2017 | 13:40h | UTCReview: The use of high-frequency ventilation during general anaesthesia: an update – F1000 research (free)
Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia: An Update on Clinical Aspects, Genetics, Diagnosis, and Future Treatment Strategies
7 Jul, 2017 | 13:32h | UTC
Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm and Allergy
7 Jul, 2017 | 13:31h | UTCReview: Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm and Allergy – Frontiers in Pediatrics (free)
Iatrogenic bleeding during flexible bronchoscopy
7 Jul, 2017 | 13:18h | UTCReview: Iatrogenic bleeding during flexible bronchoscopy: risk factors, prophylactic measures and management – ERJ Open Research (free)
Small airways disease and severe asthma
7 Jul, 2017 | 13:19h | UTCReview: Small airways disease and severe asthma – World Allergy Organization Journal (free)
The practice of tracheostomy decannulation
3 Jul, 2017 | 18:01h | UTCThe practice of tracheostomy decannulation-a systematic review – Journal of Intensive Care (free)
Checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis
3 Jul, 2017 | 17:40h | UTC
Direct oral anticoagulants in patients with chronic kidney disease
3 Jul, 2017 | 17:27h | UTC
Guideline for the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults
3 Jul, 2017 | 16:55h | UTCSource: Critical Care Reviews Newsletter
Pub smoking ban: 10 charts that show the impact
3 Jul, 2017 | 15:25h | UTCPub smoking ban: 10 charts that show the impact – BBC News (free)
“It’s 10 years since smoking was banned in enclosed workplaces in England, following similar moves in the rest of the UK. But how has the “pub smoking ban” changed the country?”
Interventions for preventing high altitude illness
29 Jun, 2017 | 20:24h | UTCInterventions for preventing high altitude illness: Part 1. Commonly-used classes of drugs – Cochrane Library (link to summary – $ for full-text) (RT @CochraneUK see Tweet)
Acetazolamide seems to be effective to prevent acute high altitude illness in dosages of 250 to 750 mg/day.
Antibiotics for acute bronchitis
29 Jun, 2017 | 14:01h | UTCAntibiotics for acute bronchitis – Cochrane Library (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
“There is limited evidence of clinical benefit to support the use of antibiotics in acute bronchitis”
Air Pollution and Mortality
29 Jun, 2017 | 13:02h | UTCAir Pollution and Mortality in the Medicare Population – New England Journal of Medicine (free)
Quick Take Video Summary: Air Pollution and Mortality
Editorial: Air Pollution Still Kills (free)
Commentary: Study of US seniors strengthens link between air pollution and premature death – Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, via Science Daily (free)
Related: The cost of a polluted environment: 1.7 million child deaths a year, says WHO – World Health Organization (free) AND Estimates and 25-year trends of the global burden of disease attributable to ambient air pollution: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2015 – The Lancet (free) AND Death in the Air: Air Pollution Costs Money and Lives – World Bank (free infographic and report)
Asthma self-management programmes can reduce unscheduled care
27 Jun, 2017 | 20:39h | UTCAsthma self-management programmes can reduce unscheduled care – NIHR Signal (free)
Original article: Systematic meta-review of supported self-management for asthma: a healthcare perspective – BMC Medicine (free)
UK heart disease deaths fall by over 20% since indoor smoking ban
26 Jun, 2017 | 15:27h | UTCUK heart disease deaths fall by over 20% since indoor smoking ban – The Guardian (free) (RT @kamleshkhunti see Tweet)
Respiratory medicine: Six things physicians and patients should question
26 Jun, 2017 | 15:04h | UTCNew Choosing Wisely Canada List: Respiratory medicine: Six things physicians and patients should question (free) (RT @ChooseWiselyCA see Tweet)
See more on the Choosing Wisely initiative in our April 5 issue, see #6.
Effect of Nebulized Hypertonic Saline Treatment in Emergency Departments on the Hospitalization Rate for Acute Bronchiolitis
25 Jun, 2017 | 16:34h | UTCEffect of Nebulized Hypertonic Saline Treatment in Emergency Departments on the Hospitalization Rate for Acute Bronchiolitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Pediatrics (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Source: No Benefit of Nebulized Hypertonic Saline for Acute Bronchiolitis – Journal Watch ($ resource to find articles of interest)
Hypertonic saline clearly does not have any benefit for bronchiolitis (RT @JAMAPeds see Tweet)
Continuous positive airway pressure for children with undifferentiated respiratory distress
23 Jun, 2017 | 01:00h | UTCInvited commentary: Every breath you take… (free)
Commentary: CPAP improves respiratory and survival rates in children in Ghana – Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health, via EurekAlert (free)
Which patients with advanced respiratory disease die in hospital?
21 Jun, 2017 | 21:07h | UTCAn end of life strategy probably improved choice of where to die for people with severe respiratory disease – NIHR Signal (free)
Original article: Which patients with advanced respiratory disease die in hospital? A 14-year population-based study of trends and associated factors – BMC Medicine (free)
Comparison of sputum collection methods for tuberculosis diagnosis
19 Jun, 2017 | 13:01h | UTCInvited commentary: Remembering the basics: interventions to improve sputum collection for tuberculosis diagnosis (free)
Pooled sputum collection (sputum that was pooled from each spontaneous expectoration into the same sputum container over a period of several hours) increased the diagnostic performance of smear microscopy 1.6 times and the delivery of standardized instruction emphasizing the difference between sputum and saliva (verbally or visually) increased the odds of a positive microscopy result 1.4 times. “The effect of these simple, inexpensive strategies on diagnostic performance was similar to that of the relatively expensive GeneXpert MTB/RIF test, which, in the largest published studies, increased the odds of diagnosing tuberculosis by 1.3–1.5 times”
Non–Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulant Dosing in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Renal Dysfunction
15 Jun, 2017 | 00:50h | UTCNon–Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulant Dosing in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Renal Dysfunction – Journal of The American College of Cardiology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary: NOAC Doses: Just Stick to the Label – MedPage Today (free registration required)
“Among the 1,473 patients with a renal indication for dose reduction, 43.0% were potentially overdosed, which was associated with a higher risk of major bleeding”
Combination inhaler treatment in emergency departments may reduce admissions for asthma attacks
14 Jun, 2017 | 00:35h | UTCCombination inhaler treatment in emergency departments may reduce admissions for asthma attacks – NIHR Signal (free)
Original article: Combined inhaled beta-agonist and anticholinergic agents for emergency management in adults with asthma – Cochrane Library(link to abstract – $ for full-text)