Study links proton pump inhibitor use to increased risk of acquiring drug-resistant bacteria in hospitalized patients

Summary: This case-control study investigated whether proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are associated with an increased risk of acquiring extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales among hospitalized patients. The study involved 2239 adult hospitalized patients. After controlling for confounding factors, patients who received PPIs within the previous 30 days had a nearly 50% increased risk (aIRR, 1.48) of acquiring ESBL- or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales compared with those who did not receive PPIs. The study has the limitations of an observational study but points to the need for judicious use of PPIs to mitigate the risk of acquiring drug-resistant Enterobacterales among hospitalized patients.

Article: Association of Proton Pump Inhibitor Use With Risk of Acquiring Drug-Resistant Enterobacterales – JAMA Network Open

Commentaries:

Study links acid suppressants to colonization with multidrug-resistant bacteria – CIDRAP

Proton Pump Inhibitors Associated With Increased Risk of Drug-Resistant Infections – HCP Live

Related: Meta-Analysis: Evaluation of the Association Between Gastric Acid Suppression and Risk of Intestinal Colonization with Multidrug-Resistant Microorganisms