Daily Archives: February 15, 2023
Guideline Synopsis | The use of opioids in the management of chronic pain
15 Feb, 2023 | 16:16h | UTCSummary: The VA/DoD guideline for chronic pain management recommends non-opioid treatments, such as cognitive-behavioral and physical therapy, with opioid use reserved for specific circumstances. Mental health evaluations are emphasized, along with regular treatment reassessments. Opioid use is not recommended due to small benefits outweighed by risks, but if used, buprenorphine is suggested due to a lower risk profile. Screening for mood disorders and traumatic brain injury is also advised, although evidence for risk mitigation strategies is lacking.*
Commentary: Initiation of Opioids Not Recommended for Chronic Pain – HealthDay
*Note: This summary was created through the collaboration of a medical editor and ChatGPT.
USPSTF reaffirms recommendation against serologic screening for genital herpes infection
15 Feb, 2023 | 16:17h | UTCSummary: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends against routine screening for genital herpes infection in asymptomatic adolescents, adults, and pregnant women, as the potential harms of such screening outweigh the benefits. This recommendation is based on a systematic evaluation of the available evidence, and the USPSTF has moderate certainty in its conclusion.*
Evidence Report: Serologic Screening for Genital Herpes: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force – JAMA
Editorials:
Reducing HSV-2 Morbidity and MortalityRoutine Serologic Screening Still Not the Best Answer – JAMA
Reaffirmed USPSTF Recommendation Against Serologic Screening for Genital Herpes: Empowering Clinicians and Reducing Potential Harm – JAMA Dermatology (free for a limited period)
Author Interview: Serologic Screening for Genital Herpes Infection – JAMA
JAMA Patient Page: Screening for Genital Herpes
*Note: This summary was created through the collaboration of a medical editor and ChatGPT.
AHA Statement | Optimizing prepregnancy cardiovascular health improves outcomes for pregnant women, offspring
15 Feb, 2023 | 16:14h | UTCSummary: This statement highlights the need to optimize cardiovascular health before pregnancy to reduce the risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes and cardiovascular disease in mothers and children. It emphasizes the role of clinicians in promoting early cardiovascular health, clinical trials to investigate interventions, and the use of a life course framework to monitor health. By targeting cardiovascular health before pregnancy, interventions can improve health outcomes across generations.*
News Release: Does risk for heart disease start before birth? – American Heart Association
*Note: This summary was created through the collaboration of a medical editor and ChatGPT.
Cohort Study | Associations between types and sources of dietary carbohydrates and cardiovascular disease risk
15 Feb, 2023 | 16:13h | UTCSummary: This study found that the associations between carbohydrate intake and cardiovascular disease risk depend on the type and source of carbohydrates consumed, with free sugar intake being associated with higher risk of total cardiovascular disease and stroke. Fiber intake was associated with lower risk, and replacing refined grain starch and free sugars with wholegrain starch and non-free sugars may be protective for cardiovascular disease. Free sugar intake was also associated with higher triglycerides and lipoprotein subclasses. As with all observational studies, this study cannot establish causality, but rather suggests associations between carbohydrate intake and cardiovascular disease risk, and the importance of considering the quality of carbohydrates consumed for cardiovascular health.*
News Release: Free sugars associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease – BioMed Central
*Note: This summary was created through the collaboration of a medical editor and ChatGPT.
RCT | Effect of low-concentration atropine eyedrops vs. placebo on myopia incidence in children
15 Feb, 2023 | 16:09h | UTCSummary: The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of low-concentration atropine eyedrops at 0.05% and 0.01% concentration for delaying the onset of myopia in children. The randomized, placebo-controlled, double-masked trial enrolled 474 nonmyopic children aged 4 through 9 years. Participants were assigned to 0.05% atropine, 0.01% atropine, and placebo groups and had eyedrops applied once nightly in both eyes over 2 years. The results showed that the 0.05% atropine eyedrops resulted in a significantly lower incidence of myopia and a lower percentage of participants with fast myopic shift at 2 years compared with placebo. However, there was no significant difference between 0.01% atropine and placebo. More research is necessary to replicate the results, determine whether this approach delays or prevents myopia, and evaluate its long-term safety.*
Article: Effect of Low-Concentration Atropine Eyedrops vs Placebo on Myopia Incidence in Children: The LAMP2 Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA (free for a limited period)
Editorial: Delaying the Onset of Nearsightedness – JAMA (free for a limited period)
Commentaries:
Atropine Eyedrops Associated With Lower Incidence of Myopia, Myopic Shift – AJMC
Low-Concentration Atropine Eyedrops Linked to Lower Myopia Incidence in Children – HCP Live
0.05 Percent Atropine Eye Drops Result in Lower Incidence of Myopia – HealthDay
Commentary on Twitter
Among children aged 4 to 9 years without #myopia, nightly use of 0.05% atropine eyedrops compared with placebo resulted in a significantly lower incidence of myopia and lower percentage of participants with fast myopic shift at 2 years. https://t.co/XUjnPVGVad pic.twitter.com/4iZa4Iek76
— JAMA (@JAMA_current) February 14, 2023
*Note: This summary was created through the collaboration of a medical editor and ChatGPT.
RCT | Antimicrobial therapy for 7 days is inferior to treatment for 14 days in men with febrile urinary tract infection
15 Feb, 2023 | 16:11h | UTCSummary: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of 7-day versus 14-day antibiotic treatment for febrile urinary tract infections in men. The multicenter randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled non-inferiority trial enrolled 282 men from 27 centers in France. The primary endpoint was treatment success, defined as a negative urine culture, the absence of fever, and no subsequent antibiotic treatment between the end of treatment and 6 weeks after day 1. The results showed that the 14-day treatment was superior to the 7-day treatment, with a treatment success rate of 77.6% versus 55.7%, respectively. Adverse events were similar in both groups, and rectal carriage of resistant Enterobacterales did not differ. Therefore, the study concludes that treatment with ofloxacin for 7 days is inferior to 14 days for febrile UTI in men and should not be recommended.*
Article: Antimicrobial for 7 or 14 days for febrile urinary tract infection in men: a multicenter noninferiority double blind placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial – Clinical Infectious Diseases (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
*Note: This summary was created through the collaboration of a medical editor and ChatGPT.
Opinion | Platform trials: the future of medical research?
15 Feb, 2023 | 16:07h | UTCPlatform trials: the future of medical research? – The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
Commentary on Twitter
"The COVID-19 pandemic has shown the amazing things that can come out of a truly pragmatic clinical trial."
NEW Spotlight—Platform trials: the future of medical research?
Read more here: https://t.co/VPxg7JmAov
— The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (@LancetRespirMed) February 10, 2023
Editorial | Top-down and bottom-up approaches to low-value care
15 Feb, 2023 | 16:08h | UTCTop-down and bottom-up approaches to low-value care = BMJ Quality & Safety
Original Study: Evaluation of the NHS England evidence-based interventions programme: a difference-in-difference analysis – BMJ Quality & Safety
Commentary on Twitter
In this editorial, @andreapatey & @christinesoong discuss combining top-down ⬇️ and bottom-up ⬆️ approaches to effectively de-implement and reduce low-value care. https://t.co/mYJHkkJpSk
— BMJ Quality & Safety (@BMJ_Qual_Saf) February 10, 2023
Worsening heart failure: nomenclature, epidemiology, and future directions
15 Feb, 2023 | 16:06h | UTC
Cohort Study | Incidence of acute cardiac events during COVID-19-associated hospitalizations
15 Feb, 2023 | 16:05h | UTC
Position Paper | Medical Management of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease
15 Feb, 2023 | 16:03h | UTC
Consensus on primary cam morphology and femoroacetabular impingement syndrome
15 Feb, 2023 | 16:01h | UTCOxford consensus on primary cam morphology and femoroacetabular impingement syndrome – British Journal of Sports Medicine
Part 1: definitions, terminology, taxonomy and imaging outcomes
Part 2: research priorities on conditions affecting the young person’s hip
Guideline | Exercise-based knee and anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention
15 Feb, 2023 | 16:02h | UTC
Cohort Study | Prevalence, outcomes and costs of a contemporary, multinational population with heart failure
15 Feb, 2023 | 15:59h | UTCSummary: The CardioRenal and Metabolic disease (CaReMe) HF study estimated the prevalence, clinical outcomes, and costs of heart failure (HF) across 11 countries using digital healthcare systems. The study found that the prevalence of HF was 1-2%, with the most frequent comorbidities being ischemic heart disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages III– V.
Furthermore, the study revealed that hospital care costs were highest for cardiorenal diseases, even higher than those stemming from atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. This emphasizes the urgent need for improved risk management and healthcare planning for patients with HF, particularly those with cardiorenal complications.*
News Release: Up to 2% of adults in Europe, North America, Israel likely have heart failure – BMJ Newsroom
Commentary: Multinational Study Details Contemporary Prevalence, Treatment Strategies of Heart Failure – HCP Live
*Note: This summary was created through the collaboration of a medical editor and ChatGPT.
RCT | Preoperative MRI in breast cancer did not influence local relapse-free survival, overall survival, or reoperation rates
15 Feb, 2023 | 15:57h | UTCSummary: This study investigated the impact of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on survival and surgical outcomes in conservative surgery for breast cancer. The randomized controlled trial included female participants with stage 0-III breast cancer, eligible for breast-conserving surgery. The study found that preoperative MRI increased the rate of mastectomies by 8% compared to routine radiologic exams using mammography and ultrasound. However, preoperative MRI did not impact the rates of local relapse-free survival, overall survival, or reoperation.*
*Note: This summary was created through the collaboration of a medical editor and ChatGPT.
M-A | Relative safety and effectiveness of different erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents for anemia in adults with CKD
15 Feb, 2023 | 15:58h | UTCSummary: The article reviewed the evidence on the safety and effectiveness of different epoetin drugs in treating anemia in people with chronic kidney disease. From the available research, it is uncertain whether various epoetin medications are superior or inferior to each other in terms of the probability of requiring a blood transfusion, mortality, experiencing a heart attack or stroke, developing a clot in a fistula or dialysis vascular catheter, or the likelihood of requiring dialysis for individuals with less severe kidney disease.*
*Note: This summary was created through the collaboration of a medical editor and ChatGPT.
SR | Silicone gel sheeting for treating keloid scars
15 Feb, 2023 | 15:53h | UTCSilicone gel sheeting for treating keloid scars – Cochrane Library
M-A | Risk of bias in randomized clinical trials comparing transcatheter and surgical aortic valve replacement
15 Feb, 2023 | 15:52h | UTCCommentary: Major TAVI Studies Have ‘Methodological Issues,’ INTEGRITTY Group Contends – TCTMD
Commentary on Twitter
Trials comparing TAVI vs SAVR show substantial proportions of deviation from assigned treatment, loss to follow-up, and additional procedures, as well as systematic selective imbalance favoring TAVI that might affect internal validity. https://t.co/n7hwTMEPGu
— JAMA Network Open (@JAMANetworkOpen) January 3, 2023
Review | Postoperative atrial fibrillation: from mechanisms to treatment
15 Feb, 2023 | 15:54h | UTCPostoperative atrial fibrillation: from mechanisms to treatment – European Journal of Cardiology
Commentary on Twitter
Postoperative atrial fibrillation: from mechanisms to treatment https://t.co/Alpb9eFRGb @escardio #EHJ #ESCYoung #cardiotwitter @ehj_ed @rladeiraslopes pic.twitter.com/s27PGkS49X
— European Society of Cardiology Journals (@ESC_Journals) February 14, 2023
Perspective | Paying research participants — a lot — may be a key to increasing diversity in studies
15 Feb, 2023 | 15:50h | UTCPaying research participants — a lot — may be a key to increasing diversity in studies – STAT
SR | Prognostic models for mortality risk in patients requiring ECMO
15 Feb, 2023 | 15:49h | UTCPrognostic models for mortality risk in patients requiring ECMO – Intensive Care Medicine
SR | Preoperative medical treatments and surgical approaches for acromegaly
15 Feb, 2023 | 15:48h | UTC
SR | Effect of remote patient monitoring for patients with chronic kidney disease who perform dialysis at home
15 Feb, 2023 | 15:47h | UTC
SR | Cost measurement in value-based healthcare
15 Feb, 2023 | 15:46h | UTCCost measurement in value-based healthcare: a systematic review – BMJ Open
Review | Indications, clinical impact, and complications of critical care transesophageal echocardiography
15 Feb, 2023 | 15:45h | UTC