Pediatrics – Critical Care & Emergencies | Page 2 of 12 | Links Medicus Content Curation & Alerts in Medicine

This updated systematic review analyzed nine randomized controlled trials comparing ultrasound guidance to traditional methods of locating arteries for cannulation, such as palpation and Doppler auditory assistance.

The review found that ultrasound guidance probably improves first-attempt success rates, reduces the risk of complications such as hematoma formation, improves success rates within two attempts and the overall rate of successful cannulation, and reduces the number of attempts and duration of the cannulation procedure.

However, the review also notes that the evidence is only of moderate certainty due to the inability to mask the doctors performing the cannulation and the limited number of children studied. More research is needed to confirm the benefits of ultrasound guidance for arterial cannulation in different age groups of children.

Article: Ultrasound‐guided arterial cannulation in the paediatric population – Cochrane Library

Summary: Ultrasound use for insertion of arterial catheters in children – Cochrane Library

BTS Clinical Guidance | Prevention and management of community-acquired pneumonia in people with learning disability

6 Mar, 2023 | 14:34h | UTC

BTS Clinical Statement on the prevention and management of community-acquired pneumonia in people with learning disability – Thorax

Consensus Paper | Management of respiratory distress syndrome

6 Mar, 2023 | 14:14h | UTC

European Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Respiratory Distress Syndrome: 2022 Update – Neonatology

RCT | 2-y outcomes confirm the harms caused by high prophylactic platelet transfusion thresholds in preterm infants

28 Feb, 2023 | 13:53h | UTC

Summary: The study investigated the long-term outcomes of preterm infants who participated in a randomized trial of platelet transfusions at different threshold levels. Infants with platelet counts below 50×109/L were enrolled and randomized to either a higher threshold of 50×109/L or a lower threshold of 25×109/L. The study found that infants randomized to the higher threshold had a higher rate of death or significant neurodevelopmental impairment at a corrected age of 2 years compared to the lower threshold group. The study further supports evidence of harm caused by high prophylactic platelet transfusion thresholds in preterm infants. The mechanisms by which platelet transfusions could mediate harmful effects remain unknown, but the study identified increased rates of intraventricular hemorrhage and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the higher threshold group, which may contribute to the adverse outcomes observed.

Article: Two-year outcomes following a randomised platelet transfusion trial in preterm infants – ADC Fetal & Neonatal

Original Study: Randomized Trial: Platelet-Transfusion Thresholds in Neonates

Commentary from the author on Twitter (thread – click for more)

We already knew from the @PlaNeT2_trial that a higher prophylactic platelet transfusion threshold (<50) in preterm babies is associated with significantly increased mortality or major bleeding compared with a lower one (<25)… https://t.co/pJrE44BIIx

— Carmel Moore (@carmelmoore) February 22, 2023

AAP Policy Statement | Crowding in the emergency department: challenges and recommendations for the care of children

28 Feb, 2023 | 13:50h | UTC

Guideline: Crowding in the Emergency Department: Challenges and Recommendations for the Care of Children – Pediatrics

Technical Report: Crowding in the Emergency Department: Challenges and Best Practices for the Care of Children – Pediatrics

News Release: Crowding in the ED: AAP guidance offers solutions to complex problem – American Academy of Pediatrics

M-A | Low-dose insulin infusion is safe and effective in treating diabetic ketoacidosis in children

23 Feb, 2023 | 13:40h | UTC

Summary: The article discusses a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing low-dose insulin at 0.05 units/kg/hr to standard dose at 0.1 units/kg/hr for children with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The study found that low-dose insulin infusion is probably as efficacious and safer than standard-dose insulin in treating DKA in children, as it has no effect on the time to resolution of hyperglycemia or acidosis and probably reduces the risk of developing hypokalemia and hypoglycemia. However, the results are limited by imprecision and generalizability to other settings since all studies were performed in a single country. Therefore, further studies are required to identify the optimal insulin dose for children with DKA in terms of safety and effectiveness.

Article: Insulin Infusion Dosing in Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials – Critical Care Explorations

Instant noodle burns common in pediatric scald injuries: Study highlights need for prevention efforts

21 Feb, 2023 | 11:50h | UTC

Summary: The study examined pediatric scald burns at the University of Chicago Burn Center between 2010 and 2020 and found that 31% of burns were attributed to instant noodles. Children with instant noodle burns were typically older, more likely to be Black/African American, and from lower socio-economic backgrounds. They were also more likely to be unsupervised at the time of the injury. While instant noodle burns were smaller and required less operative intervention than other scald burns, some still required hospitalization and were associated with complications. The study highlights the need for targeted burn prevention efforts to reduce the incidence of these common but serious injuries.

Article: Pediatric instant noodle burns: A ten-year single center retrospective study – Burns (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: Why Instant Noodles Are a Danger to Your Kids – HealthDay

Consensus Paper | Pediatric traumatic hemorrhagic shock

17 Feb, 2023 | 13:15h | UTC

Pediatric traumatic hemorrhagic shock consensus conference recommendations – Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery

Preface: Pediatric traumatic hemorrhagic shock consensus conference

Other articles in the supplement:

Pediatric traumatic hemorrhagic shock consensus conference research priorities

Building an optimal pediatric trauma program

Time is tissue: Barriers to timely transfusion after pediatric injury

Resuscitative practices and the use of low-titer group O whole blood in pediatric trauma

Tranexamic acid in pediatric hemorrhagic trauma

Blood banking considerations in pediatric trauma

Detecting traumatic brain injury–induced coagulopathy: What we are testing and what we are not

Pediatric edible cannabis exposures and acute toxicity in the US: 2017–2021

16 Feb, 2023 | 15:00h | UTC

Pediatric Edible Cannabis Exposures and Acute Toxicity: 2017–2021 – Pediatrics

Commentaries:

The Number of American Kids Eating Cannabis Has Surged Dramatically – Science Alert

2017 to 2021 Saw Increase in Pediatric Edible Cannabis Exposure – HealthDay

Pediatrics – Critical Care & Emergencies

SR | Chest physiotherapy for acute bronchiolitis in pediatric patients between 0 and 24 months old

Review | Use of cardio-pulmonary ultrasound in the neonatal intensive care unit

Review | Evaluation of the hypotensive preterm infant: evidence-based practice at the bedside?

Review | Respiratory management of the preterm infant: supporting evidence-based practice at the bedside

SR | Risk factors for length of NICU stay of newborns

Guidelines | Management of bronchiolitis in infants

Review of noninvasive neuromonitoring modalities in children: EEG, qEEG

SR | Systemic corticosteroid regimens for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants

Consensus Statement | Point-of-care ultrasound for systematic assessment of the crashing neonate

Current recommendations for management of pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis

SR | Ultrasound‐guided arterial cannulation in the pediatric population

BTS Clinical Guidance | Prevention and management of community-acquired pneumonia in people with learning disability

Consensus Paper | Management of respiratory distress syndrome

RCT | 2-y outcomes confirm the harms caused by high prophylactic platelet transfusion thresholds in preterm infants

AAP Policy Statement | Crowding in the emergency department: challenges and recommendations for the care of children

M-A | Low-dose insulin infusion is safe and effective in treating diabetic ketoacidosis in children

Instant noodle burns common in pediatric scald injuries: Study highlights need for prevention efforts

Consensus Paper | Pediatric traumatic hemorrhagic shock

Pediatric edible cannabis exposures and acute toxicity in the US: 2017–2021

Podcast | Intravenous fluids in pediatrics

Review | What’s new in the management of neonatal early-onset sepsis?

M-A | Incidence and characteristics of adverse events in pediatric inpatient care

RCT | Methylprednisolone vs. immunoglobulins equally effective in PIMS temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2

RCT | Efficacy of a loading dose of IV salbutamol in children with severe acute asthma admitted to a PICU

Cohort Study | Perinatal predictors of clinical instability at birth in late-preterm and term infants

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