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Allergy & Immunology

M-A: More than 50 long-term effects of COVID-19.

11 Aug, 2021 | 08:47h | UTC

More than 50 long-term effects of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis – Scientific Reports

Related:

Illness duration and symptom profile in symptomatic school-aged children tested for SARS-CoV-2 – “Only 25 (1.8%) of 1379 children experienced symptoms for at least 56 days.”

Cohort study: Risk factors for long covid in previously hospitalized children.

Viewpoint: The road to addressing Long Covid.

Review: Long covid—mechanisms, risk factors, and management.

Review: Symptoms, complications and management of long COVID.

Long Covid: fatigue, post-exertional malaise, and cognitive dysfunction are the most common symptoms, according to an international survey.

Studies elucidate poorly understood long COVID.

Long-term Symptoms After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Adolescents – “This study found a low prevalence of symptoms compatible with long COVID in a randomly selected cohort of children assessed 6 months after serologic testing”.

Long Covid: 39% of patients report persistent symptoms more than seven months after diagnosis of COVID-19 in an outpatient setting.

[Preprint] Long Covid: Persistent symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection in a random community sample of 508,707 people.

Long COVID or post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC): An overview of biological factors that may contribute to persistent symptoms.

Long Covid: Half of young adults with COVID-19 have persistent symptoms 6 months after, study finds.

[Preprint] Long Covid: Third of people infected have long term symptoms.

Opinion | Causation or confounding: why controls are critical for characterizing long COVID – “Many of the self-reported symptoms, such as intermittent headaches or tiredness, are nonspecific and prevalent in the general population”.

Almost 25% of COVID-19 patients develop long-lasting symptoms, according to a new report.

Perspective | The four most urgent questions about long COVID.

Systematic review: Frequency, signs and symptoms, and criteria adopted for long COVID-19.

Report: 376,000 people in UK have had long Covid symptoms for at least a year.

Systematic review of 45 studies including 9751 participants, most of which were hospitalized, found 73% had at least 1 persistent symptom for weeks after Covid-19.

COVID Morbidity – The emerging burden of long COVID is significant, and needs to be considered when evaluating the risk vs. benefit of pandemic measures.

One year after hospital discharge due to SARS-CoV-2 Infection, the prevalence of long-term cough, chest pain, dyspnea, and fatigue was 2.5%, 6.5%, 23.3%, and 61.2%, respectively

Population-based cohort study: Non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients have low-risk of serious long-term effects, but visits to general practitioners and outpatient hospital visits are increased.

One third of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 have lung changes after a year

Long Covid: Largest post-acute COVID-19 study to date examined the health outcomes in more than 73,000 people who’d had COVID-19 and were not hospitalized

Study shows low incidence of post-acute COVID-19 symptoms (“Long Covid”) in children after mild disease

Perspective | They Tested Negative for Covid. Still, They Have Long Covid Symptoms.

Large study finds 1 in 3 Covid-19 survivors have subsequent mental health and neurological conditions

Cohort study: One in ten have long-term effects 8 months following mild COVID-19

Long Covid Implications for the workplace

Long Covid in the UK – More than a million affected in February, survey suggests

Covid-19: Middle aged women face greater risk of debilitating long term symptoms

Persistent neurologic symptoms and cognitive dysfunction in non‐hospitalized Covid‐19 “long haulers”

Opinion | We need to start thinking more critically — and speaking more cautiously — about long Covid

Review | Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome

Long Covid | Four-month clinical status of a cohort of patients after hospitalization for COVID-19

Perspective | Long Covid isn’t as unique as we thought

Attributes and predictors of long COVID

WHO Report: Preparing for Long COVID 2021

Long Covid: Sequelae in adults at 6 Months after COVID-19 infection

How many people get ‘long COVID’ – and who is most at risk?

Long Covid: Respiratory and psychophysical sequelae among patients with COVID-19 four months after hospital discharge

Managing the long term effects of covid-19: summary of NICE, SIGN, and RCGP rapid guideline

Patients, clinicians seek answers to the mystery of ‘Long COVID’

Long Covid: 6-month consequences of COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital

[Preprint] Characterizing Long COVID in an International Cohort: 7 Months of Symptoms and Their Impact

NICE Guideline: Managing the long-term effects of COVID-19

 

Commentary on Twitter

https://twitter.com/svillapol/status/1425032774793285648

 

[Preprint] Phase 1/2 RCT: A booster dose is immunogenic and will be needed for older adults who have completed two doses vaccination with CoronaVac.

10 Aug, 2021 | 09:58h | UTC

A booster dose is immunogenic and will be needed for older adults who have completed two doses vaccination with CoronaVac: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2 clinical trial – medRxiv

 

Commentary on Twitter

https://twitter.com/hildabast/status/1424644994120372224

 

RCT: Safety and immunogenicity of heterologous vs. homologous prime-boost schedules with an adenoviral vectored and mRNA COVID-19 vaccine.

9 Aug, 2021 | 00:06h | UTC

Safety and immunogenicity of heterologous versus homologous prime-boost schedules with an adenoviral vectored and mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (Com-COV): a single-blind, randomised, non-inferiority trial – The Lancet

Invited commentary: Optimising SARS-CoV-2 vaccination schedules – The Lancet

Related: Another study shows increased immune response with heterologous Oxford-AstraZeneca/mRNA vaccination (several articles on the subject)

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Bullous autoimmune dermatoses: clinical features, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment options.

10 Aug, 2021 | 08:44h | UTC

Bullous Autoimmune Dermatoses – Deutsches Ärzteblatt International

 

CDC study showed a reduced risk of reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 after covid-19 vaccination.

9 Aug, 2021 | 00:03h | UTC

Reduced Risk of Reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 After COVID-19 Vaccination — Kentucky, May–June 2021 – CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

 

Commentaries on Twitter

 

COVID vaccine boosters: the most important questions.

8 Aug, 2021 | 23:52h | UTC

COVID vaccine boosters: the most important questions – Nature

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

More data showing one dose of Pfizer vaccine may be enough for individuals who’ve had COVID.

8 Aug, 2021 | 23:50h | UTC

Commentary: One Dose of Pfizer Vaccine May Be Enough for Folks Who’ve Had COVID – HealthDay

Original Study: SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Responses in Infection-Naive or Previously Infected Individuals After 1 and 2 Doses of the BNT162b2 Vaccine – JAMA Network Open

Related:

Perspective | Is one vaccine dose enough if you’ve had COVID? What the science says.

Another study shows a single dose of mRNA vaccine may be enough for patients with previous Covid-19

Spain to give just one vaccine dose to under 55-year olds who had COVID-19

Perspective: Is one vaccine dose enough after COVID-19 infection?

France’s health authority recommends single vaccine shot for people who have had COVID-19

Covid-19: People who have had infection might only need one dose of mRNA vaccine

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Case report: Systemic capillary leak syndrome after ChAdOx1 nCOV-19 (Oxford–AstraZeneca) vaccination.

8 Aug, 2021 | 23:49h | UTC

Systemic capillary leak syndrome afer ChAdOx1 nCOV-19 (Oxford–AstraZeneca) vaccination – Canadian Medical Association Journal

 

Antibody-mediated autoimmune encephalitis: A practical approach.

8 Aug, 2021 | 23:29h | UTC

Antibody-mediated autoimmune encephalitis: A practical approach – Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine

 

SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Patients with Immunosuppression.

5 Aug, 2021 | 09:02h | UTC

SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Patients with Immunosuppression – New England Journal of Medicine

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

RCT: Subcutaneous REGEN-COV antibody combination prevented symptomatic Covid-19 infection in previously uninfected household contacts of infected persons.

5 Aug, 2021 | 09:01h | UTC

Subcutaneous REGEN-COV Antibody Combination to Prevent Covid-19 – New England Journal of Medicine

Related:

RCT: Bamlanivimab plus Etesevimab reduce mortality and hospitalization in ambulatory patients with early Covid-19 (within 3 days of a positive test) who are at risk for clinical deterioration (i.e., older people, obese, diabetics, immunocompromised, with CV disease).

[Preprint] RECOVERY trial finds Regeneron’s monoclonal antibody combination reduces deaths for hospitalized COVID-19 patients who have not mounted their own immune response.

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Cohort study: Six month follow-up of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

3 Aug, 2021 | 09:05h | UTC

Six Month Follow-up of Patients With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children – Pediatrics (PDF)

 

A blood marker predicts who gets ‘breakthrough’ COVID (neutralizing antibodies).

3 Aug, 2021 | 09:01h | UTC

A blood marker predicts who gets ‘breakthrough’ COVID – Nature

Related:

A correlate of protection for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines is urgently needed – “Recent studies suggest that neutralizing antibodies could serve as a correlate of protection for vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in humans”.

Neutralizing antibody levels are highly predictive of immune protection from symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Covid-19 breakthrough infections in vaccinated health care workers.

 

Opinion | Should pregnant women have a COVID vaccine? The evidence says it’s safe and effective.

2 Aug, 2021 | 00:28h | UTC

Should pregnant women have a COVID vaccine? The evidence says it’s safe and effective – The Conversation

 

ACOG and SMFM Recommend COVID-19 Vaccination for Pregnant Individuals – “ACOG encourages its members to enthusiastically recommend vaccination to their patients.”

2 Aug, 2021 | 00:31h | UTC

ACOG and SMFM Recommend COVID-19 Vaccination for Pregnant Individuals – American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM)

Additional reading:

Practice Advisory: COVID-19 Vaccination Considerations for Obstetric-Gynecologic Care

COVID-19 Vaccines and Pregnancy: Conversation Guide for Clinicians

Commentaries:

Obstetrician groups recommend COVID vaccine during pregnancy – Associated Press

Statements By Obstetrics Societies Strongly Advise Covid-19 Vaccinations For Pregnant Women – Forbes

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

NICE COVID-19 rapid guideline: vaccine-induced immune thrombocytopenia and thrombosis.

30 Jul, 2021 | 12:14h | UTC

COVID-19 rapid guideline: vaccine-induced immune thrombocytopenia and thrombosis – National Institute for Health and Care Excellence

News release: NICE publishes new rapid guideline to diagnose and treat rare blood clotting condition associated with COVID-19 vaccination – National Institute for Health and Care Excellence

Related: Very rare cases of thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) after AstraZeneca vaccine: a global safety database analysis – the estimated rate of TTS after the first dose was 8.1 per million vaccinees; after the second dose, the estimated rate was 2.3 per million vaccinees. (several articles and resources on the subject)

 

Evidence Analysis: Is piperacillin-tazobactam safe in patients with penicillin allergy?

29 Jul, 2021 | 11:05h | UTC

Is piperacillin-tazobactam safe in patients with penicillin allergy? – PulmCrit

 

Very rare cases of thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) after AstraZeneca vaccine: a global safety database analysis – the estimated rate of TTS after the first dose was 8.1 per million vaccinees; after the second dose, the estimated rate was 2.3 per million vaccinees.

28 Jul, 2021 | 10:19h | UTC

Very rare thrombosis with thrombocytopenia after second AZD1222 dose: a global safety database analysis – The Lancet

Related:

WHO Guidance for clinical case management of thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) following vaccination to prevent coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

AHA/ASA Guidance: Diagnosis and Management of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis with Vaccine-Induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia – “No heparin products in any dose should be given.”

ISTH Interim Guidance for the Diagnosis and Treatment on Vaccine Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia

Case series: therapeutic plasma exchange in 3 patients with vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia.

Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) – a novel clinico-pathological entity with heterogeneous clinical presentations.

Case report: Thrombosis with Thrombocytopenia After the Messenger RNA–1273 Vaccine.

Laboratory testing for suspected COVID-19 vaccine–induced (immune) thrombotic thrombocytopenia.

Concerned about the latest AstraZeneca news? These 3 graphics help you make sense of the risk – “Two people in Australia have died from thrombosis with thrombocytopenia after 3.8 million doses of the AstraZeneca vaccine delivered”.

Case series: Adjunct immune globulin for vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia.

Case report: Successful treatment of vaccine-induced prothrombotic immune thrombocytopenia (VIPIT).

[Preprint] Meta-analysis of risk of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia following ChAdOx1-S recombinant vaccine – Overall risk is 1 in 139,000; for age 65 and over, about 1 in 1,000,000; for age under 55, between 1 in 20,000 to 60,000.

Cohort study: Arterial events, venous thromboembolism, thrombocytopenia, and bleeding after vaccination with Oxford-AstraZeneca ChAdOx1-S. 11 excess venous thromboembolic events per 100 000 vaccinations; 2.5 excess cerebral venous thrombosis per 100 000 vaccinations.

Case series of 12 patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis with thrombocytopenia after Ad26.COV2.S vaccination – all women younger than 60 years, with symptoms from 6 to 15 days after vaccination

Vaccine-induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia: Frequently Asked Questions

Pathologic Antibodies to Platelet Factor 4 after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccination

Editorial: SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine–Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia – “The very low prevalence of this complication of vaccination, however severe, relative to the benefits of preventing Covid-19 must be emphasized”

Case Report: Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia after Johnson & Johnson Vaccine

Papers Confirm Rare Thrombocytopenia Link to AstraZeneca Vaccine

Guidance on syndrome of Thrombosis and Thrombocytopenia occurring after coronavirus Vaccination

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Review: Long covid—mechanisms, risk factors, and management.

27 Jul, 2021 | 03:52h | UTC

Long covid—mechanisms, risk factors, and management – The BMJ

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Another study shows increased immune response with heterologous Oxford-AstraZeneca/mRNA vaccination.

27 Jul, 2021 | 03:48h | UTC

Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of heterologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/mRNA vaccination – Nature Medicine

Commentary: A ‘mix and match’ approach to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination – Nature Medicine

Related:

WHO warns against mixing and matching COVID vaccines.

Germany issues world’s strongest recommendation for mixing Covid-19 vaccines.

Heterologous Oxford–AstraZeneca and Moderna Vaccination induce increased levels of neutralizing antibody compared to 2 doses of Oxford–AstraZeneca.

Heterologous Oxford–AstraZeneca and BioNTech/Pfizer Vaccination induce increased levels of neutralizing antibody compared to 2 doses of Oxford–AstraZeneca.

[Preprint] Mixing Covid jabs has good immune response, study finds – “The Com-Cov trial looked at the efficacy of either two doses of Pfizer, two of AstraZeneca, or one of them followed by the other. All combinations worked well, priming the immune system”.

Phase 2 RCT: Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a Pfizer-BioNTech booster in patients that have received a single dose of AstraZeneca vaccine – “BNT162b2 (Pfizer) given as a second dose in individuals prime vaccinated with ChAdOx1-S (AstraZeneca) induced a robust immune response, with an acceptable and manageable reactogenicity profile”.

RCT: Mixing 2 different Covid vaccines is associated with increased risk of side effects.

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

[Preprint] Covid-19: Longer interval between Covid-19 Pfizer vaccine doses boosts immunity.

27 Jul, 2021 | 03:50h | UTC

News release: Longer interval between Covid-19 Pfizer vaccine doses boosts immunity – Newcastle University

Original Study (preprint): Sustained T cell immunity, protection and boosting using extended dosing intervals of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine

Commentaries:

Commentary: Covid-19: Longer interval between Pfizer doses results in higher antibody levels, research finds – BMJ

Expert reaction to preprint from PITCH study looking at interval between two Pfizer vaccine doses, and antibody and T-cell responses – Science Media Centre

Related:

Debate: Should we delay second vaccine doses to give one dose of the Covid-19 vaccine to more people? (several texts on the subject)

 

Safety evaluation of the second dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in patients with immediate reactions to the first dose.

27 Jul, 2021 | 03:42h | UTC

Safety Evaluation of the Second Dose of Messenger RNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Patients With Immediate Reactions to the First Dose – JAMA Internal Medicine

Commentaries:

Second COVID-19 mRNA vaccine dose found safe following allergic reactions to first dose – Massachusetts General Hospital

No anaphylaxis after second dose of mRNA COVID vaccine, study finds – CIDRAP

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

CoronaVac vaccine: its results are patchy, but the world can’t ignore its usefulness.

27 Jul, 2021 | 03:38h | UTC

CoronaVac vaccine: its results are patchy, but the world can’t ignore its usefulness – The Conversation

Related:

RCT: CoronaVac showed efficacy of 83.5% for preventing symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Prospective national cohort in Chile showed CoronaVac effectiveness was 65.9% for symptomatic Covid-19, 87.5% for hospitalization, 90.3% for ICU admission, and 86.3% for death.

Phase 1/2 RCT: CoronaVac is well tolerated and safe and induces strong humoral responses in children and adolescents aged 3–17 years.

Perspective | Are Chinese COVID vaccines underperforming? a dearth of real-life studies leaves unanswered questions.

WHO approval of Chinese CoronaVac COVID vaccine will be crucial to curbing pandemic.

Brazilian town experiment shows mass vaccination can wipe out COVID-19.

WHO validates Sinovac-CoronaVac COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use and issues interim policy recommendations.

[Press release – not published yet] The city of Serrana in Brazil has seen a 95% drop in Covid-19 deaths after almost all adults were vaccinated with Chinese CoronaVac – The findings suggest the pandemic can be controlled after 75% of people are fully vaccinated.

[Not published yet] Observational study in Uruguay found CoronaVac reduced mortality by 97 percent – “In people who had received two doses, it reduced infection with the coronavirus by 57 percent and intensive care admissions by 95 percent”.

 

Study: Lateral flow antigen testing can rapidly and accurately detect early COVID-19 among patients presenting with flu-like illness and can be a plausible alternative to RT-PCR.

26 Jul, 2021 | 02:56h | UTC

Comparing the diagnostic accuracy of point-of-care lateral flow antigen testing for SARS-CoV-2 with RT-PCR in primary care (REAP-2) – EClinicalMedicine

News release: Lateral flow tests are 95% effective at detecting Covid-19 when used at the onset of symptoms – University of Oxford

Related:

Interactive Infographic | Interpreting a lateral flow SARS-CoV-2 antigen test – “This calculator demonstrates how interpreting a covid-19 lateral flow device (LFD) result varies according to the pre-test probability, and the sensitivity and specificity of the LFD used”.

Rapid point-of-care tests for diagnosing COVID-19 infection: the latest Cochrane evidence

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

Study: Among kidney transplant recipients who did not respond after 2 doses, a third dose of an mRNA-1273 vaccine induced a serologic response in 49% of patients.

26 Jul, 2021 | 02:54h | UTC

Antibody Response After a Third Dose of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Kidney Transplant Recipients With Minimal Serologic Response to 2 Doses – JAMA

Commentary: Case Mounts for COVID Vaccine Boosters in Kidney Transplant Recipients – MedPage Today (free registration required)

Related:

Case series: Safety and immunogenicity of a third dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in solid organ transplant recipients.

[Preprint] 3rd AstraZeneca shot gives strong immunity.

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

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