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Phase 2b RCT | Rituximab vs. IV cyclophosphamide in patients with connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease.

17 Nov, 2022 | 12:24h | UTC

Rituximab versus intravenous cyclophosphamide in patients with connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease in the UK (RECITAL): a double-blind, double-dummy, randomised, controlled, phase 2b trial – The Lancet Respiratory Medicine

Commentaries:

RECITAL: Rituximab represents alternative to cyclophosphamide for CTD-ILD – medwire News

CTD-ILD: Rituximab ‘a Reasonable Alternative to Cyclophosphamide’ – Medscape (free registration required)

Commentary on Twitter

https://twitter.com/LancetRespirMed/status/1592057243075112960

Phase 2 RCT | Efficacy and safety of low-dose Interleukin 2 for primary Sjögren syndrome.

17 Nov, 2022 | 12:20h | UTC

Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose Interleukin 2 for Primary Sjögren Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Network Open

Commentary: Sjogren’s Responds to Cytokine Treatment, Early Data Show — Phase II trial signals possible breakthrough for hard-to-treat illness – MedPage Today (free registration required)

RCT | Safety of withholding perioperative hydrocortisone for patients with pituitary adenomas with an intact HPA axis.

17 Nov, 2022 | 12:23h | UTC

Safety of Withholding Perioperative Hydrocortisone for Patients With Pituitary Adenomas With an Intact Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Network Open

Commentary on Twitter

https://twitter.com/JAMANetworkOpen/status/1592940564433059840

RCT | Extending the duration of prequit treatment with varenicline did not increase smoking abstinence rates.

17 Nov, 2022 | 12:22h | UTC

Effect of Extending the Duration of Prequit Treatment With Varenicline on Smoking Abstinence: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Network Open

Commentary on Twitter

https://twitter.com/JAMANetworkOpen/status/1591128623947591680

Consistency between trials presented at conferences, their subsequent publications and press releases.

17 Nov, 2022 | 12:19h | UTC

Consistency between trials presented at conferences, their subsequent publications and press releases – BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine

Mild-to-moderate kidney dysfunction and cardiovascular disease: observational and mendelian randomization analyses.

17 Nov, 2022 | 12:18h | UTC

Mild-to-Moderate Kidney Dysfunction and Cardiovascular Disease: Observational and Mendelian Randomization Analyses – Circulation

Commentary on Twitter

https://twitter.com/CircAHA/status/1587897418989080577

Crossover RCT | Spectacle lenses with highly aspherical lenslets for slowing myopia.

17 Nov, 2022 | 12:16h | UTC

Spectacle lenses with highly aspherical lenslets for slowing myopia: A randomised, double-blind, cross-over clinical trial – American Journal of Ophthalmology

RCT: Spectacle lenses with aspherical lenslets for myopia control vs. single-vision spectacle lenses.

Randomized trial: Effect of High add power, medium add power, or single-vision contact lenses on myopia progression in children

M-A | Mechanical thrombectomy in acute basilar artery stroke.

17 Nov, 2022 | 12:13h | UTC

Mechanical thrombectomy in acute basilar artery stroke: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials – BMC Neurology

RCTs | Thrombectomy improved recovery in basilar artery stroke but increased procedural complications and hemorrhages.

Registry-based cohort study: Endovascular treatment vs. best medical management in acute basilar artery occlusion strokes.

RCT: Endovascular therapy for stroke due to basilar-artery occlusion – “endovascular therapy and medical therapy did not differ significantly with respect to a favorable functional outcome”.

Commentary on Twitter

https://twitter.com/drjkwan/status/1590403041840467969

Inclisiran and cardiovascular events: a patient-level analysis of phase III trials.

17 Nov, 2022 | 12:17h | UTC

Inclisiran and cardiovascular events: a patient-level analysis of phase III trials – European Heart Journal

Commentary: Inclisiran and Cardiovascular Events – American College of Cardiology

Commentary on Twitter

https://twitter.com/ESC_Journals/status/1592113799481692162

Review | Prostate-specific antigen screening in transgender patients.

17 Nov, 2022 | 12:12h | UTC

Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening in Transgender Patients – European Urology

Commentary on Twitter

https://twitter.com/EUplatinum/status/1589594270046068736

RCT | The comparison of two different strategies of intravitreal conbercept for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.

17 Nov, 2022 | 12:11h | UTC

The comparison of two different strategies of intravitreal conbercept for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy in Chinese patients results from a 48-week randomized phase 4 study: STAR study – Acta Ophthalmologica

Commentary: Quarterly Dosing of Conbercept Similar to Treat-and-Extend Regimen for PCV – HCP Live

M-A | Comparative accuracy of biomarkers for predicting hospital-acquired acute kidney injury.

17 Nov, 2022 | 12:09h | UTC

Comparative accuracy of biomarkers for the prediction of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis – Critical Care

Review | POCUS for aortic dissection in the clinical presentation of ischemic stroke.

17 Nov, 2022 | 12:08h | UTC

POCUS for aortic dissection in the clinical presentation of ischemic stroke – emDocs

SR | Mosquito aquatic habitat modification and manipulation interventions to control malaria.

17 Nov, 2022 | 12:06h | UTC

Mosquito aquatic habitat modification and manipulation interventions to control malaria – Cochrane Library

USPSTF Statement | There is insufficient evidence to recommend routine screening for obstructive sleep apnea.

16 Nov, 2022 | 13:46h | UTC

Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement – JAMA

Evidence Report: Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force – JAMA

Editorial: USPSTF Updates Recommendation for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Screening in Adults – JAMA Otolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery

JAMA Patient Page: Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Author Interview: USPSTF Recommendation: Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults

Commentary: USPSTF: Evidence Inadequate for Recommending OSA Screening – HealthDay

RCT | In patients with end-stage ankle osteoarthritis, total ankle replacement and arthrodesis resulted in comparable results.

16 Nov, 2022 | 13:45h | UTC

Total Ankle Replacement Versus Arthrodesis for End-Stage Ankle Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial – Annals of Internal Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

News Release: Trial shows benefits of two forms of ankle surgery for osteoarthritis – University College London

Summary for Patients: Total Ankle Replacement Versus Arthrodesis for End-Stage Ankle Osteoarthritis

M-A | A short course of antibiotics is noninferior to long-course therapy in children with nonsevere pneumonia.

16 Nov, 2022 | 13:43h | UTC

Short-Course vs Long-Course Antibiotic Therapy for Children With Nonsevere Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis – JAMA Pediatrics (free for a limited period)

Commentary: Review: Shorter antibiotic course sufficient for kids with pneumonia – CIDRAP

RCT | Among neonates with probable bacterial infection, switching from intravenous to oral antibiotics (amoxicillin–clavulanic acid) was noninferior to a full course of intravenous antibiotics and resulted in shorter hospitalization (median duration of 3.4 vs. 6.8 days).

RCT: In children with community-acquired pneumonia, outpatient antibiotic therapy for 5 days resulted in similar clinical response rates compared to a standard 10-day strategy.

ACP Guidance: Appropriate Use of Short-Course Antibiotics in Common Infections

RCT: 5 days of high-dose amoxicillin therapy noninferior to 10 days for the treatment of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia

RCT: Among children with community-acquired pneumonia discharged within 48 hours from the ED or hospital, lower-dose outpatient oral amoxicillin was noninferior to a higher dose, and a 3-day duration course was noninferior to 7 days.

Treatment of urinary tract infections in infants <2 Months: A Living Systematic Review – short and long duration of parenteral antibiotics were associated with a similar risk of UTI recurrence.

RCT: 7 days of antibiotic therapy as good as 14 days for afebrile men with urinary tract infection.

Randomized Trial: Seven vs. Fourteen Days of Antibiotic Therapy for Uncomplicated Gram-negative Bacteremia

Meta-Analysis: Efficacy of Short-Course Antibiotic Treatments for Community-Acquired Pneumonia

RCT | Comparative effects of low-dose rosuvastatin vs. dietary supplements on lipids and inflammatory biomarkers.

16 Nov, 2022 | 13:41h | UTC

Comparative Effects of Low-Dose Rosuvastatin, Placebo and Dietary Supplements on Lipids and Inflammatory Biomarkers – Journal of the American College of Cardiology

News Release: 6 common “heart-health” supplements ineffective at lowering cholesterol compared to statins – American Heart Association

Commentaries:

Study – For Lowering Cholesterol, Statins Work, Supplements Don’t – Science-Based Medicine

Statins vs. supplements: New study finds one is ‘vastly superior’ to cut cholesterol – NPR

Editorial | Agitated patients in the intensive care unit: guidelines for causal rather than symptomatic treatment are warranted.

16 Nov, 2022 | 13:37h | UTC

Agitated Patients in the Intensive Care Unit: Guidelines for Causal Rather Than Symptomatic Treatment are Warranted – Journal of Intensive Care Medicine

Mineralocorticoid dysfunction during critical illness: a review of the evidence.

16 Nov, 2022 | 13:36h | UTC

Mineralocorticoid Dysfunction during Critical Illness: A Review of the Evidence – Anesthesiology

Commentary on Twitter

https://twitter.com/_Anesthesiology/status/1559925866892779520

SR | Immunostimulants vs. placebo for preventing exacerbations in adults with chronic bronchitis or COPD.

16 Nov, 2022 | 13:34h | UTC

Immunostimulants versus placebo for preventing exacerbations in adults with chronic bronchitis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – Cochrane Library

Summary: Is taking an immunostimulant on top of standard medications beneficial for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic bronchitis, or both? – Cochrane Library

Guideline | Peri-operative management of neuromuscular blockade.

16 Nov, 2022 | 13:38h | UTC

Peri-operative management of neuromuscular blockade: A guideline from the European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care – European Journal of Anaesthesiology

SR | Masks vs. prongs as interfaces for nasal continuous positive airway pressure in preterm infants.

16 Nov, 2022 | 13:31h | UTC

Masks versus prongs as interfaces for nasal continuous positive airway pressure in preterm infants – Cochrane Library

Summary: Nasal masks versus nasal prongs for continuous positive airway pressure in preterm infants – Cochrane Library

Cohort Study | Childhood adversity and cardiovascular disease in early adulthood.

16 Nov, 2022 | 13:29h | UTC

Childhood adversity and cardiovascular disease in early adulthood: a Danish cohort study – European Heart Journal (free for a limited period)

Commentary: Study explores the links between childhood adversity and cardiovascular disease in early adulthood – European Society of Cardiology/News Medical

Commentary from the author on Twitter

https://twitter.com/HulvejRod/status/1592520830155886593

Guideline | Management of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state in adults.

15 Nov, 2022 | 13:03h | UTC

Management of Hyperosmolar Hyperglycaemic State (HHS) in Adults: An updated guideline from the Joint British Diabetes Societies (JBDS) for Inpatient Care Group – Diabetic Medicine

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