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AHA Scientific Statement: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular risk.

18 Apr, 2022 | 10:37h | UTC

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Risk: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association – Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology

News Releases:

About 1 in 4 adults has an often-missed liver disorder linked to higher heart disease risk – American Heart Association

Fatty liver disease not caused by alcohol is common – and often missed – American Heart Association

 

A nationwide observational analysis in Israel showed a fourth dose of the Pfizer vaccine may reduce the short-term risk of Covid-19–related outcomes.

14 Apr, 2022 | 08:51h | UTC

Fourth Dose of BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine in a Nationwide Setting – New England Journal of Medicine

Editorial: Covid-19 Boosters — Where from Here?

Related:

COVID-19: Joint statement from ECDC and EMA on the administration of a fourth dose of mRNA vaccines.

Observational study suggests a fourth dose of the Pfizer vaccine provided additional protection against severe disease in patients 60 years of age or older during the Omicron wave in Israel.

Perspective: The evidence on 4th doses of covid vaccines & the thorny question of age thresholds.

U.S. approves second Covid-19 booster for people 50 and older and immunocompromised individuals.

[Preprint] Retrospective cohort study: second booster vaccine and Covid-19 mortality in adults 60 to 100 years old.

Among health care workers, a fourth dose vaccine effectiveness against any SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection was 30% for the Pfizer–BioNTech and 11% for the Moderna.

[Preprint] Fourth dose of COVID vaccine offers only slight boost against Omicron infection.

Covid-19: Fourth vaccine doses—who needs them and why?

[Not published yet] Study in Israel finds fourth COVID booster has limited efficacy.

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Covid-19: What is the evidence for the antiviral molnupiravir?

14 Apr, 2022 | 08:47h | UTC

Covid-19: What is the evidence for the antiviral molnupiravir? – The BMJ

 

Study showed low rates of severe COVID-19 in children hospitalized with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.

14 Apr, 2022 | 08:49h | UTC

Very low rates of severe COVID-19 in children hospitalised with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in London, England – Journal of Infection

Commentary: Severe COVID-19 extremely rare among children – News Medical

Related:

[Preprint] Risk of Hospitalization, severe disease, and mortality due to COVID-19 in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Germany – “overall hospitalization rate associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection was 35.9 per 10,000 children, ICU admission rate was 1.7 per 10,000 and case fatality was 0.09 per 10,000”.

Deaths in children and young people in England after SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first pandemic year – “In total, 99.995% of children and young people with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test survived”.

Editorial: COVID-19 vaccines for children – “Although it is true that most children experience asymptomatic or mild disease, some will get quite sick, and a small number will die. It’s why children are vaccinated against influenza, meningitis, chickenpox, and hepatitis”.

COVID-19 disease severity in children infected with the Omicron variant.

Risk factors for PICU admission and death among children and young people hospitalized with COVID-19 and PIMS-TS in England during the first pandemic year.

Study identifies risk factors for severe CoviD-19 in children.

A nationwide cohort study in Denmark showed Long Covid in children is rare and mainly of short duration.

International study identifies predictors of severe outcomes in children with COVID-19.

 

The Lancet Series: Origins of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

14 Apr, 2022 | 08:38h | UTC

Homepage: Origins of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (free registration required for all articles)

Genetics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: understanding the pathobiology and heterogeneity of a complex disorder

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in never-smokers: risk factors, pathogenesis, and implications for prevention and treatment

Pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: understanding the contributions of gene–environment interactions across the lifespan

GETting to know the many causes and faces of COPD

COPD, smoking, and social justice

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

RCT: Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of an inactivated, adjuvanted enterovirus 71 vaccine in infants and children.

14 Apr, 2022 | 08:43h | UTC

Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of an inactivated, adjuvanted enterovirus 71 vaccine in infants and children: a multiregion, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial – The Lancet (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

Expert Analysis: The role of the posterior left pericardiotomy in reducing pericardial effusion and postoperative atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery.

14 Apr, 2022 | 08:45h | UTC

The Role of the Posterior Left Pericardiotomy in Reducing Pericardial Effusion and Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery – American College of Cardiology

Related study from the same authors: #AHA21 – RCT: Among patients undergoing cardiac surgery, routine posterior left pericardiotomy can prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation.

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Opinion | The big idea: should we get rid of the scientific paper? – “As a format it’s slow, encourages hype, and is difficult to correct. A radical overhaul of publishing could make science better”.

14 Apr, 2022 | 08:37h | UTC

The big idea: should we get rid of the scientific paper? – The Guardian

 

M-A: Association between physical activity and risk of depression.

14 Apr, 2022 | 08:35h | UTC

Association Between Physical Activity and Risk of Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis – JAMA Psychiatry

Commentary: Exercise Is Powerful Medicine for Depression – HealthDay

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

USPSTF draft statement recommends screening for anxiety and depression in children and adolescents ages 8 to 18 years.

13 Apr, 2022 | 11:05h | UTC

Draft Statements:

Screening for Anxiety in Children and Adolescents – US Preventive Services Task Force

Screening for Depression and Suicide Risk in Children and Adolescents – US Preventive Services Task Force

Commentary:

USPSTF Recommends Anxiety, Depression Screening for Children – HealthDay

 

The burden of mental disorders, substance use disorders and self-harm among young people in Europe, 1990–2019: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

13 Apr, 2022 | 11:03h | UTC

The burden of mental disorders, substance use disorders and self-harm among young people in Europe, 1990–2019: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 – The Lancet Regional Health Europe

Invited Commentary: The burden of young people’s mental health conditions in Europe: No cause for complacency – The Lancet Regional Health Europe

Related:

Global, regional, and national burden of 12 mental disorders in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

New Global Burden of Disease analyses show depression and anxiety among the top causes of health burden worldwide, and a significant increase due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

 

Commentary on Twitter

(Article and images under a CC BY 4.0 license)

 

Review: Diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.

13 Apr, 2022 | 10:58h | UTC

Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Review – JAMA (free for a limited period)

Audio Clinical Review: Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension – JAMA

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

RCT: A home-based, walking exercise behavior change intervention increased walking distance in adults with peripheral artery disease.

13 Apr, 2022 | 11:02h | UTC

Effect of a Home-Based, Walking Exercise Behavior Change Intervention vs Usual Care on Walking in Adults With Peripheral Artery Disease: The MOSAIC Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA (free for a limited period)

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Perspective: The concept of classical herd immunity may not apply to COVID-19.

13 Apr, 2022 | 10:54h | UTC

The Concept of Classical Herd Immunity May Not Apply to COVID-19 – The Journal of Infectious Diseases

News Release: NIH experts discuss controlling COVID-19 in commentary on herd immunity – NIH News Releases

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Cluster RCT: A shorter antimicrobial prophylaxis duration (less than 24 hours after surgery) is noninferior to a more extended regimen (24-48 hours) after clean orthopedic surgery.

13 Apr, 2022 | 10:56h | UTC

Effect of Antimicrobial Prophylaxis Duration on Health Care–Associated Infections After Clean Orthopedic Surgery: A Cluster Randomized Trial – JAMA Network Open

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

M-A: Sodium-glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors are associated with reduced risk of hyperkalemia in people with type 2 diabetes.

13 Apr, 2022 | 10:52h | UTC

Sodium-glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Risk of Hyperkalemia in People with Type 2 diabetes: A Meta-analysis of Individual Participant Data from Randomized Controlled Trials – Circulation

 

RCT: Dapagliflozin did not significantly improve glycemic control in children and young adults with type 2 diabetes.

13 Apr, 2022 | 10:46h | UTC

Efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin in children and young adults with type 2 diabetes: a prospective, multicentre, randomised, parallel group, phase 3 study – The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

 

RCT: Automated virtual reality therapy to treat agoraphobic avoidance and distress in patients with psychosis.

13 Apr, 2022 | 10:31h | UTC

Automated virtual reality therapy to treat agoraphobic avoidance and distress in patients with psychosis (gameChange): a multicentre, parallel-group, single-blind, randomised, controlled trial in England with mediation and moderation analyses – The Lancet Psychiatry

News Release: Breakthrough success in provision of automated psychological therapy using virtual reality – University of Oxford

 

Commentary from the author on Twitter

 

Review | Less is more: deprescribing medications in older adults with kidney disease.

13 Apr, 2022 | 10:44h | UTC

Less is More: Deprescribing Medications in Older Adults with Kidney Disease: A Review – Kidney360

Related:

Process evaluation of implementation strategies to reduce potentially inappropriate medication prescribing in older population: A scoping review.

AGA clinical practice update on de-prescribing of proton pump inhibitors.

Development of a metric to detect and decrease low-value prescribing in older adults.

Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial: An electronic decision support system for deprescribing in hospitalized older adults was safe and led to improvements in deprescribing but did not reduce adverse drug events.

Systematic Review: Quantifying anticholinergic burden and sedative load in older adults with polypharmacy.

Deprescribing in palliative patients with cancer: a concise review of tools and guidelines.

Systematic review: Prescribing practices, patterns, and potential harms in patients receiving palliative care – “many patients receiving palliative care receive multiple medications closer to the time of death”.

A narrative review of evidence to guide deprescribing among older adults.

Polypharmacy, inappropriate prescribing, and deprescribing in older people: through a sex and gender lens.

Polypharmacy Management in Older Patients – Mayo Clinic Proceedings

Psychopharmacological Treatment in Older People: Avoiding Drug Interactions and Polypharmacy – Deutsches Ärzteblatt internationa

Eliminating Medication Overload: A National Action Plan

Deprescribing in Older Adults With Cardiovascular Disease – Journal of the American College of Cardiology

Position Statement: Reducing Inappropriate Medication Use & Polypharmacy (several articles and commentaries on the subject)

 

Cohort Study: Risk of adverse events after covid-19 in Danish children and adolescents and effectiveness of the Pfizer vaccine in adolescents.

12 Apr, 2022 | 10:07h | UTC

Risk of adverse events after covid-19 in Danish children and adolescents and effectiveness of BNT162b2 in adolescents: cohort study – The BMJ

 

RCT: Single-dose HPV vaccination found effective among young African women.

12 Apr, 2022 | 10:08h | UTC

Efficacy of Single-Dose Human Papillomavirus Vaccination among Young African Women – NEJM Evidence

News Releases:

Study boosts support for single-dose HPV vaccine regimen – University of Washington

One-dose Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine offers solid protection against cervical cancer – World Health Organization

Related:

Three-year follow-up of 2-dose versus 3-dose HPV vaccine

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

M-A: SGLT2 inhibitors reduce hospitalizations in patients with heart failure regardless of the presence of diabetes.

12 Apr, 2022 | 10:05h | UTC

Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Patients With Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis – Annals of Internal Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

News Release: SGLT2 inhibitors reduces hospitalization for heart failure regardless of presence of diabetes – American College of Physicians

 

Evidence- and consensus-based guidelines for drug-drug interactions with anticancer drugs; A practical and universal tool for management.

12 Apr, 2022 | 10:02h | UTC

Evidence- and consensus-based guidelines for drug-drug interactions with anticancer drugs; A practical and universal tool for management – Seminars in Oncology

 

AHA Scientific Statement: SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated cardiovascular manifestations and complications in children and young adults.

12 Apr, 2022 | 09:59h | UTC

SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Associated Cardiovascular Manifestations and Complications in Children and Young Adults: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association – Circulation

News Release: Heart issues after COVID-19 uncommon in children and young adults, more research needed – American Heart Association

Commentary: COVID-19 CV Complications in Children Are Rare, Treatable: AHA Statement – TCTMD

 

Opinion | Aligning incentives for improving diagnostic excellence.

12 Apr, 2022 | 09:54h | UTC

Aligning Incentives for Improving Diagnostic Excellence – JAMA (free for a limited period)

 

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