Daily Archives: March 3, 2023
ACG Guideline | Diagnosis and management of biliary strictures
3 Mar, 2023 | 14:13h | UTC
Estimates and projections of the global economic cost of 29 cancers in 204 countries and territories from 2020 to 2050
3 Mar, 2023 | 14:09h | UTCSummary: The study aimed to estimate the global economic cost and distribution of 29 cancers in 204 countries and territories from 2020 to 2050. The study’s findings suggest that the global economic cost of cancers from 2020 to 2050 is estimated at $25.2 trillion. The five cancers with the highest financial costs are tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer; colon and rectum cancer; breast cancer; liver cancer; and leukemia. China and the US face the highest economic costs, and the financial and health burdens are distributed unequally across countries, world regions, and country income groups.
News Release: The price of cancer – International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
Commentary on Twitter
The estimated global economic cost of cancers in 2020–2050 is $25.2 trillion, or $2,857 per capita. Global efforts to curb the health and economic burden of cancers are urgently warranted. https://t.co/xAMOGX3Dtl
— JAMA Oncology (@JAMAOnc) February 23, 2023
Effectiveness of physical activity interventions for improving depression, anxiety and distress: an overview of systematic reviews
3 Mar, 2023 | 14:11h | UTCSummary: This umbrella review summarized the evidence on the effects of physical activity interventions on symptoms of depression, anxiety, and psychological distress in adult populations. The study included 97 systematic reviews comprising 1039 randomized controlled trials and 128,119 participants. The results showed that physical activity had medium effects on depression, anxiety, and psychological distress compared to usual care across all populations. Higher-intensity physical activity was associated with greater improvements in symptoms, and the effectiveness of physical activity interventions diminished with longer-duration interventions. The authors concluded that physical activity is highly beneficial for improving symptoms of depression, anxiety, and distress in a wide range of adult populations, including those with mental health disorders and chronic diseases, and should be a mainstay approach in their management.
Article: Effectiveness of physical activity interventions for improving depression, anxiety and distress: an overview of systematic reviews – British Journal of Sports Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
News Release: Exercise more effective than medicines to manage mental health – University of South Australia
Commentary from the authors: Exercise is even more effective than counselling or medication for depression. But how much do you need? – The Conversation
Commentary on Twitter
? Effectiveness of #PhysicalActivity for improving depression, anxiety and distress: an overview of #SystematicReviews ??#KeyPoints:
?Higher intensity = greater improvements ?️♂️
? Effect diminished with longer duration interventions ?? https://t.co/UJRRFVz7eG pic.twitter.com/5JT9xEVMsa
— British Journal of Sports Medicine (BJSM) (@BJSM_BMJ) February 19, 2023
An overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the effect of medication interventions targeting polypharmacy for frail older adults
3 Mar, 2023 | 14:07h | UTCSummary: This overview of published systematic reviews examined the effectiveness of medication reviews on managing polypharmacy in frail older adults. The overview identified 10 systematic reviews, which included 154 studies. Medication reviews were the most common intervention, and the evidence suggests that they help reduce inappropriate medication use in frail older adults, but their impact on frailty scores and hospital admission is unclear. Pharmacist-led medication interventions were the most common, reducing inappropriate prescriptions in various settings. Tools, such as clinical decision-making computer support tools, were also found to be effective. The evidence quality ranged from moderate to critically low, highlighting the need for further research to establish if interventions directed at polypharmacy could have an impact on frailty syndromes.
Related:
RCT | A deprescribing intervention reduced medication burden among older adults in post-acute care
Deprescribing proton pump inhibitors – Australian Journal of General Practice
Antihypertensive Deprescribing in Older Adults: a Practical Guide – Current Hypertension Reports
Deprescribing in Palliative Cancer Care – Life
Less is More: Deprescribing Medications in Older Adults with Kidney Disease: A Review – Kidney360
Polypharmacy Management in Older Patients – Mayo Clinic Proceedings
Eliminating Medication Overload: A National Action Plan – Lown Institute
Common ED Medication Errors: Polypharmacy – emDocs
Current and future perspectives on the management of polypharmacy – BMC Family Practice
Polypharmacy—an Upward Trend with Unpredictable Effects – Deutsches Ärzteblatt international
Clinical Consequences of Polypharmacy in Elderly – Expert Opinion on Drug Safety
Perspective | The other long Covid: the pandemic took young people’s present. What will it do to their future?
3 Mar, 2023 | 14:05h | UTC
Nitrous oxide-induced subacute combined degeneration of the cord: diagnosis and treatment
3 Mar, 2023 | 14:01h | UTC
Drug allergy | A 2022 practice parameter update
3 Mar, 2023 | 13:59h | UTCDrug allergy: A 2022 practice parameter update – The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
RCT | Reducing social media use improves appearance and weight esteem in youth with emotional distress
3 Mar, 2023 | 14:04h | UTCSummary: The article discusses a randomized controlled trial conducted on 220 participants aged 17-25 to examine the effects of reducing smartphone social media use (SMU) on appearance and weight esteem in youth with emotional distress. The participants were divided into an intervention group (limited to 1 hr/day SMU) and a control group (unrestricted SMU). The study found that reducing SMU improved appearance and weight esteem in the intervention group, while the control group showed no significant change. The authors concluded that reducing SMU may be a feasible and effective method of improving body image in a vulnerable youth population and should be evaluated as a potential component in treating body image-related disturbances. It is worth noting, however, that the impossibility of blinding participants and the subjective nature of the endpoints make it difficult to draw definitive conclusions on the subject.
News Release: Reducing social media use significantly improves body image in teens, young adults – American Psychological Association
Commentary: How to help young people limit screen time — and feel better about how they look – NPR
Severity and impact of accidental bowel leakage two decades after no, one, or two obstetrical sphincter injuries
3 Mar, 2023 | 13:56h | UTCSummary: This study investigated the long-term severity and subjective impact of anal incontinence among women who had experienced 1 or 2 consecutive obstetrical anal sphincter injuries compared with those without injuries. The study used prospectively registered data and a questionnaire to analyze outcomes, including the frequency of fecal and gas incontinence, the impact on daily life, and the effect on other pelvic floor disorders. The results showed that the severity and impact of anal incontinence doubled and quadrupled in women with 1 or 2 consecutive sphincter injuries, respectively, compared with those without injury. The second sphincter injury had an equally large additive effect compared to the first injury. However, the study found that 1 or 2 sphincter injuries did not affect other pelvic floor disorders or lower urinary tract symptoms compared to women without injury.
News Release: Decades-long suffering from obstetric injuries – University of Gothenburg
Consensus Statement on the definition and classification of metabolic hyperferritinemia
3 Mar, 2023 | 13:58h | UTCConsensus Statement on the definition and classification of metabolic hyperferritinaemia – Nature Reviews Endocrinology (if the link is paywalled, try this one)
RCT | Immediate vs. delayed urinary catheter removal following non-hysterectomy benign gynecological laparoscopy
3 Mar, 2023 | 13:55h | UTCSummary: This randomized clinical trial compared the rates of urinary retention and postoperative urinary tract infection between women with immediate vs. delayed removal of the indwelling catheter following benign gynecological laparoscopic surgery, excluding hysterectomy, pelvic floor, or surgeries with concomitant bowel procedures. A total of 693 women aged 18 years or older were randomized to immediate or delayed urinary catheter removal. The results showed an increased risk of urinary retention with immediate vs. delayed removal of the urinary catheter (8.2% vs. 4.2%), highlighting the need to ensure patients report normal voiding and emptying before discharge to reduce the need for readmission for management of urinary retention.
Article: Immediate versus delayed urinary catheter removal following non-hysterectomy benign gynecological laparoscopy: a randomised trial – BJOG (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Related: Feasibility of immediate removal of urinary catheter after laparoscopic gynecological surgery for benign diseases: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials – Obstetrics & Gynecology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Perspective | MRI for all: portable low-field scanners could revolutionize medical imaging in nations rich and poor — if doctors embrace them
3 Mar, 2023 | 13:53h | UTCMRI FOR ALL: Portable low-field scanners could revolutionize medical imaging in nations rich and poor—if doctors embrace them – Science (a few articles per month are free)
Maternal diabetes and overweight as risk factors for congenital heart defects in offspring – A nationwide register study from Finland
3 Mar, 2023 | 13:51h | UTCSummary: The study aimed to determine the association between maternal diabetes and overweight/obesity and the risk of congenital heart defects (CHDs) in offspring. The study analyzed data from all children born in Finland between 2006 and 2016 and their mothers. Maternal type 1 diabetes (T1DM) was found to be associated with a significantly increased risk for any CHD, with an odds ratio of 3.71, whereas maternal overweight and obesity were associated with only a slightly increased risk for complex defects and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. Maternal diabetes was responsible for 3.0% of offspring’s CHD, while maternal overweight and obesity were responsible for 0.7%, indicating weaker associations between maternal overweight and obesity and CHD in the offspring than previously reported.
Commentary from the author on Twitter
Proudly presenting our preprint (thread):
Maternal diabetes and overweight as risk factors for congenital heart defects in offspring – A nationwide register study from Finland https://t.co/rFnlNYPrgn 1/7
— Emmi Helle (@EmmiHelle) February 27, 2023
SR | Interventions for preventing and treating kidney disease in IgA vasculitis
3 Mar, 2023 | 13:47h | UTCInterventions for preventing and treating kidney disease in IgA vasculitis – Cochrane Library
Cohort Study | Long-term changes in the size of pituitary microadenomas
3 Mar, 2023 | 13:49h | UTCSummary: The prevalence of pituitary lesions in radiologic studies is estimated to be 10% to 38.5%. However, it is unclear how frequently incidental lesions should be monitored by serial pituitary MRI. A retrospective longitudinal cohort study was conducted to evaluate changes in pituitary microadenomas over time. During the study period (from 2003 to 2021), 414 patients with pituitary microadenomas were identified, and 177 patients had more than 1 MRI. Approximately two-thirds of the microadenomas demonstrated no change or a decrease in size, while the rest exhibited a slow growth rate, indicating that less frequent monitoring could be considered safe.
Article: Long-Term Changes in the Size of Pituitary Microadenomas – Annals of Internal Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
News Release: Fewer surveillance MRIs may be appropriate for patients with incidental pituitary lesions – American College of Physicians
Commentary on Twitter
New from @harvardmed: new study suggests that less frequent pituitary #MRI surveillance for patients with incidental pituitary #microadenomas may be safe: https://t.co/w4hzk8ISQq pic.twitter.com/2MeK14SRph
— Annals of Int Med (@AnnalsofIM) February 28, 2023
Cohort Study | Association between a healthy lifestyle and memory decline in older adults
3 Mar, 2023 | 13:44h | UTCSummary: This study examined the association between a healthy lifestyle and memory decline in older adults over a 10-year period. The study included 29,072 participants aged 60 or older with normal cognition and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping at baseline. Six healthy lifestyle factors were assessed: a healthy diet, regular physical exercise, active social contact, active cognitive activity, never or former smoker, and never drinking alcohol. Participants were categorized into three groups based on their lifestyle factors: favorable, average, and unfavorable. The results showed that participants in the favorable group had slower memory decline than those in the unfavorable group, even in the presence of the APOE ε4 allele. These findings have important implications for public health initiatives to protect older adults against memory decline.
Editorial: Healthy lifestyles for dementia prevention – The BMJ
News Release: Healthy lifestyle linked to slower memory decline in older adults – BMJ Newsroom
Commentary: Healthful Lifestyle May Slow Memory Loss, Even for APOE Gene Carriers – JAMA
Commentary on Twitter
A healthy lifestyle is associated with slower memory decline, even in the presence of the [high risk] APOE ε4 allele.
Most to least impactful: diet, cognitive activity, physical exercise, active social contact, never/former smoking, & never drinking.https://t.co/j21cH2wyo6 pic.twitter.com/6qgd9bJ2Gr
— Joseph C. Watso, PhD (@Joseph_Watso) January 27, 2023
Under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ license
Review | Practical guide for anticoagulant and antiplatelet reversal in clinical practice
3 Mar, 2023 | 13:42h | UTCPractical Guide for Anticoagulant and Antiplatelet Reversal in Clinical Practice – Pharmacy
RCT | Effects of a vibrating capsule for chronic constipation
3 Mar, 2023 | 13:41h | UTCRandomized Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Trial of Vibrating Capsule for Chronic Constipation – Gastroenterology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary: Researchers reveal the impact of vibrating capsules in chronic constipation patients – News Medical
RCT | Baricitinib vs. placebo for systemic lupus erythematosus
3 Mar, 2023 | 13:39h | UTCBaricitinib for systemic lupus erythematosus: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial (SLE-BRAVE-I) – The Lancet (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
See also: Baricitinib for systemic lupus erythematosus: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial (SLE-BRAVE-II) – The Lancet (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary on Twitter
NEW in @TheLancet—Two phase 3 trials of #baricitinib for systemic #lupus erythematosus #SLE-BRAVE-I > https://t.co/wX0w7w4Glm
SLE-BRAVE-II > https://t.co/56sd0DmjN9
Linked Comment by Laura Durcan (@Rheum2improve) & Grainne Murphy > https://t.co/RBJYEcSNle pic.twitter.com/XW6sXQnSn9
— The Lancet Rheumatology (@TheLancetRheum) February 27, 2023
SR | Interventions for acute non‐arteritic central retinal artery occlusion
3 Mar, 2023 | 13:36h | UTCInterventions for acute non‐arteritic central retinal artery occlusion – Cochrane Library
Commentary on Twitter
Updated #Cochrane Review finds that treatments for acute non-arteritic #CRAO —the blockage of blood to the retina—are ineffective for visual acuity, and tissue plasminogen activator had serious adverse effectshttps://t.co/RmkLD0te2d@johnclin_ @BrownUResearch @VAResearch pic.twitter.com/BjajHtvWaL
— CochraneEyes (@CochraneEyes) February 2, 2023
Study shows sudden cardiac arrest during sports activity is rare among older adults
3 Mar, 2023 | 13:38h | UTCSudden Cardiac Arrest During Sports Activity in Older Adults – Journal of the American College of Cardiology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentaries:
Sports-related sudden cardiac arrest is rare in older adults – Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
Risk of Sports-Related Sudden Cardiac Arrest Low in Older Adults – TCTMD
SR | Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage
3 Mar, 2023 | 13:33h | UTCErythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage – Cochrane Library
SR | Endovascular therapy vs. medical treatment for symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis
3 Mar, 2023 | 13:35h | UTC
SR | Neoadjuvant treatment for stage III and IV cutaneous melanoma
3 Mar, 2023 | 13:32h | UTCNeoadjuvant treatment for stage III and IV cutaneous melanoma – Cochrane Library
RCT | Efficacy of Fezolinetant in moderate-to-severe vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause
3 Mar, 2023 | 13:28h | UTC