Daily Archives: February 17, 2023
Phase 2b RCT | Ad26.RSV.preF–Respiratory Syncytial Virus preF protein vaccine is immunogenic in older adults
17 Feb, 2023 | 13:30h | UTCSummary: A phase 2b clinical trial evaluated the Ad26.RSV.preF–RSV preF protein vaccine’s efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety in preventing RSV-mediated lower respiratory tract disease in adults aged 65 years and older. The vaccine was effective in preventing the disease and immunogenic, as demonstrated by the increase in RSV A2 neutralizing antibody titers after vaccination. The vaccine was associated with higher rates of adverse events than the placebo, but most were of mild to moderate severity. The trial concluded that Ad26.RSV.preF–RSV preF protein vaccine was effective in preventing RSV-mediated lower respiratory tract disease in older adults.*
Article: Efficacy and Safety of an Ad26.RSV.preF–RSV preF Protein Vaccine in Older Adults – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary: Ad26.RSV.preF-RSV preF Protein Vaccine Immunogenic in Seniors – HealthDay
*Note: This summary was created through the collaboration of a medical editor and ChatGPT.
RCT | Respiratory Syncytial Virus prefusion F protein vaccine provides protection for older adults
17 Feb, 2023 | 13:32h | UTCSummary: A phase 2b clinical trial evaluated the Ad26.RSV.preF–RSV preF protein vaccine in adults aged 65 years and older. The vaccine was effective and immunogenic, as demonstrated by the increase in RSV A2 neutralizing antibody titers after vaccination. The vaccine was associated with higher rates of adverse events than the placebo, but most were of mild to moderate severity.*
Article: Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prefusion F Protein Vaccine in Older Adults – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary on Twitter
Respiratory syncytial virus causes clinically significant illness in children and adults. In a placebo-controlled trial, a prefusion stabilized F protein vaccine led to an 83% lower risk of RSV infection. https://t.co/aU9BV0LXBU pic.twitter.com/0zy1hu0VH6
— NEJM (@NEJM) February 15, 2023
*Note: This summary was created through the collaboration of a medical editor and ChatGPT.
RCT | Evaluation of BNT162b2 Covid-19 vaccine in children younger than 5 years of age
17 Feb, 2023 | 13:27h | UTCSummary: The study was a combined phase 2-3 clinical trial that aimed to determine whether the BNT162b2 vaccine was safe, could elicit an immune response and was effective in preventing COVID-19 in healthy children. The trial was conducted on children aged 6 months to 11 years, with the findings presented for the 6 months to 4 years age group. The results indicated that the vaccine was safe, immunogenic, and effective in reducing the risk of symptomatic COVID-19 by 73.2% in children aged 6 months to 4 years. The vaccine was well-tolerated, and the side effects were mainly mild to moderate. The incidence of fever was similar among those who received the vaccine or a placebo.*
Article: Evaluation of BNT162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine in Children Younger than 5 Years of Age – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
*Note: This summary was created through the collaboration of a medical editor and ChatGPT.
RCT | Breast-conserving surgery without irradiation may be an option for older patients with early breast cancer
17 Feb, 2023 | 13:25h | UTCSummary: The article reports a phase 3 randomized trial that investigated the efficacy of omitting irradiation after breast-conserving surgery in women aged 65 years or older with hormone receptor-positive, node-negative, T1 or T2 primary breast cancer, and tumors ≤3 cm in the largest dimension, who received adjuvant endocrine therapy. A total of 1326 women were enrolled, with 658 receiving whole-breast irradiation and 668 receiving no irradiation. The results showed that the omission of radiotherapy led to an increased incidence of local breast cancer recurrence but had no negative effect on distant recurrence as the first event or overall survival. The study suggests that omission of radiotherapy could be a viable treatment option for older women with low-risk, hormone receptor–positive early breast cancer who receive adjuvant endocrine therapy.*
Article: Breast-Conserving Surgery with or without Irradiation in Early Breast Cancer – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentaries:
For many older breast cancer patients, study finds radiation doesn’t affect survival – STAT
Do Older Patients Need Radiation Rx After Breast Cancer Surgery? – HealthDay
*Note: This summary was created through the collaboration of a medical editor and ChatGPT.
M-A | Financial toxicity among patients with breast cancer worldwide
17 Feb, 2023 | 13:20h | UTCCommentary: Breast Cancer Treatment Is Associated With Financial Toxicity Worldwide, Study Finds – AJMC
Related:
Not Just Nausea And Vomiting: Cancer Docs Now Worry About ‘Financial Toxicity’ – WBUR
Financial Toxicity and Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) – National Institute of Cancer
Commentary on Twitter
Financial toxicity for patients with breast cancer (pooled): 78% in LMICs and 35% in HICs; much higher than other health conditions, including other cancers. Policies to address this huge burden are critical to improve financial and health outcomes. https://t.co/eaB7nCvurU
— JAMA Network Open (@JAMANetworkOpen) February 9, 2023
M-A | Aspirin with or without statin in individuals without atherosclerotic CVD across risk categories
17 Feb, 2023 | 13:22h | UTCSummary: This meta-analysis examined the effects of aspirin in adults without atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), stratified by statin use across different ASCVD risks. The analysis found that aspirin reduced myocardial infarction but increased major bleeding, and was not associated with total or cardiovascular survival benefits. In adults without ASCVD, concomitant statin appeared to significantly reduce absolute risk reduction for MI associated with aspirin without influencing bleeding risk. The study highlights that the risk-benefit equilibrium may be tilted towards more harm for primary prevention, and that the expected absolute risk of major bleeding exceeds absolute MI benefits by aspirin for every level of ASCVD risk. The findings have implications for the use of aspirin in those already on statin therapy for primary ASCVD prevention.*
*Note: This summary was created through the collaboration of a medical editor and ChatGPT.
Consensus Paper | Pediatric traumatic hemorrhagic shock
17 Feb, 2023 | 13:15h | UTCPreface: Pediatric traumatic hemorrhagic shock consensus conference
Other articles in the supplement:
Pediatric traumatic hemorrhagic shock consensus conference research priorities
Building an optimal pediatric trauma program
Time is tissue: Barriers to timely transfusion after pediatric injury
Resuscitative practices and the use of low-titer group O whole blood in pediatric trauma
Tranexamic acid in pediatric hemorrhagic trauma
Blood banking considerations in pediatric trauma
Detecting traumatic brain injury–induced coagulopathy: What we are testing and what we are not
Perspective | Choosing the right path toward polio eradication
17 Feb, 2023 | 13:18h | UTCChoosing the Right Path toward Polio Eradication – New England Journal of Medicine
Post hoc analysis | Prevalence and significance of bradyarrhythmias in patients screened for atrial fibrillation
17 Feb, 2023 | 13:13h | UTCSummary: This study looked at the prevalence and significance of bradyarrhythmias in people screened for atrial fibrillation using an implantable loop recorder compared to those who did not receive screening. The study found that screening was associated with the incidental diagnosis of bradyarrhythmias in 1 in 5 people and an increase in pacemaker implantations, but it did not reduce the risk of syncope or sudden death. While bradyarrhythmias are common in older people and can be risk markers, actively detecting and treating them in asymptomatic individuals may not improve clinical outcomes.*
Author Interview: Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Bradyarrhythmias in Patients Screened for Atrial Fibrillation vs Usual Care – JAMA
Commentary on Twitter
In the randomized LOOP study, AF screening resulted in the coincidental diagnosis of sinus node dysfunction or atrioventricular block in 1 of 5 participants, along with increased pacemaker implantations, but no change in risk of syncope or sudden death. https://t.co/V5JK2iGlQV
— JAMA Cardiology (@JAMACardio) February 15, 2023
*Note: This summary was created through the collaboration of a medical editor and ChatGPT.
Updated Guideline | Management of hip fracture
17 Feb, 2023 | 13:17h | UTCHip fracture: management – National Institute for Health and Care Management
Quality Standard: Hip fracture in adults – National Institute for Health and Care Management
Retrospective Cohort | High burden of premature ventricular complex linked to increased risk of new‐onset atrial fibrillation
17 Feb, 2023 | 13:12h | UTCSummary: The study investigated whether a high burden of premature ventricular complex (PVC) is associated with an increased risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF). The study analyzed the daily burden of PVC using the 24-hour Holter ECG and medical record databases of a single hospital in Taiwan. Patients with high PVC burden were at a higher risk of new-onset AF compared to those with low PVC burden.*
*Note: This summary was created through the collaboration of a medical editor and ChatGPT.
RCT | Effect of non-invasive ventilation after extubation in critically ill patients with obesity
17 Feb, 2023 | 13:10h | UTCEffect of non-invasive ventilation after extubation in critically ill patients with obesity in France: a multicentre, unblinded, pragmatic randomised clinical trial – The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary on Twitter
NEW Research—Among critically ill adults with obesity undergoing extubation, the use of NIV was effective to reduce treatment-failure within 3 days
Read the RCT from Audrey De Jong & colleagues here: https://t.co/nMB3W8NAYX #SCCM2023 pic.twitter.com/iEHExPEhSN
— The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (@LancetRespirMed) January 21, 2023
M-A | Efficacy and safety of drugs for gastroparesis
17 Feb, 2023 | 13:05h | UTCCommentaries:
Review finds only two efficacious medications to treat gastroparesis – ACP Gastroenterology
Two drug classes appear effective for gastroparesis treatment – MDedge
Commentary from the author on Twitter (thread – click for more)
Our latest (and definitely last!) paper of 2022 is now published online in @AGA_Gastro and is a network meta-analysis of drugs in gastroparesis:https://t.co/kpz8nH6ekT
— Alexander Ford (@alex_ford12399) December 26, 2022
RCT | Effect of early mobilization on long-term cognitive impairment in critical illness
17 Feb, 2023 | 13:07h | UTCEffect of early mobilisation on long-term cognitive impairment in critical illness in the USA: a randomised controlled trial – The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (free registration required)
Related:
M-A | The effect of early active mobilization at 6 months after critical illness
Early Active Mobilization during Mechanical Ventilation in the ICU – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)
Commentary on Twitter
NEW Research—Early mobilisation might improve long-term cognitive impairment in ICU survivors after MV, but the increased risk of adverse events in the intervention group should be noted
Read the RCT from Bhakti Patel & colleagues here: https://t.co/DeqraodGXq #SCCM2023 pic.twitter.com/RMDhE7UxPM
— The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (@LancetRespirMed) January 21, 2023
Review | Contemporary pharmacotherapies for nontuberculosis mycobacterial infections
17 Feb, 2023 | 13:03h | UTC
M-A | Catheter directed thrombolysis for not immediately threatened acute limb ischemia
17 Feb, 2023 | 13:00h | UTC
M-A | Foot orthoses for flexible flatfeet in children and adults
17 Feb, 2023 | 13:02h | UTC
M-A | Global status of azithromycin and erythromycin resistance rates in Neisseria gonorrhoeae
17 Feb, 2023 | 12:58h | UTC
Retrospective Cohort | Lifetime risk of comorbidity in patients with simple congenital heart disease
17 Feb, 2023 | 12:57h | UTC
Commentary on Twitter
Lifetime risk of comorbidity in patients with simple congenital heart disease: a Danish nationwide study https://t.co/r8WDeL5Ra5 @escardio #EHJ #ESCYoung #cardiotwitter @ehj_ed @rladeiraslopes pic.twitter.com/llrApfl2xR
— European Society of Cardiology Journals (@ESC_Journals) December 14, 2022
M-A | The rate and assessment of muscle wasting during critical illness
17 Feb, 2023 | 12:55h | UTC
Commentary on Twitter
A Review published in @Crit_Care analyzes the data of ICU muscle wasting studies and reports that critically ill patients lose nearly 2% of skeletal muscle per day during the first week of ICU admission.https://t.co/qW5jzbWRSk
— BMC (@BioMedCentral) January 8, 2023
Case Reports | Seventeen cases of daptomycin-induced eosinophilic pneumonia in bone and joint infections
17 Feb, 2023 | 12:54h | UTC
SR | Antipsychotic exposure is an independent risk factor for breast cancer
17 Feb, 2023 | 12:41h | UTC
RCT | Home high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy for stable hypercapnic COPD
17 Feb, 2023 | 12:53h | UTC
Acute pain management pearls: a focused review for the hospital clinician
17 Feb, 2023 | 12:42h | UTCAcute Pain Management Pearls: A Focused Review for the Hospital Clinician – Healthcare
Review | Perioperative optimization of Crohn’s disease
17 Feb, 2023 | 12:39h | UTCPerioperative optimization of Crohn’s disease – Annals of Gastroenterological Surgery