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Daily Archives: January 8, 2022

Diagnostics for COVID-19: moving from pandemic response to control.

8 Jan, 2022 | 23:33h | UTC

Diagnostics for COVID-19: moving from pandemic response to control – The Lancet

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

[Preprint] Among individuals with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection in Brazil, vaccine effectiveness against hospitalization or death after vaccine series completion was 81.3% for CoronaVac, 89.9% for AstraZeneca, 57.7% for J&J, and 89.7% for Pfizer.

8 Jan, 2022 | 23:26h | UTC

Effectiveness of CoronaVac, ChAdOx1, BNT162b2 and Ad26.COV2.S among – medRxiv

 

[In Portuguese] Commentary from one of the authors on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

Compared with previous waves, the Omicron wave in South Africa was associated with fewer hospitalizations and decreased severity and mortality.

8 Jan, 2022 | 23:23h | UTC

Characteristics and Outcomes of Hospitalized Patients in South Africa During the COVID-19 Omicron Wave Compared With Previous Waves – JAMA

 

[Preprint] RCT: In symptomatic adults above 18 years positive for SARS-CoV-2, early outpatient treatment with high-titer convalescent plasma significantly reduced hospitalizations.

8 Jan, 2022 | 23:28h | UTC

Randomized Controlled Trial of Early Outpatient COVID-19 Treatment with High-Titer Convalescent Plasma – medRxiv

News release: Early Use of Convalescent Plasma May Help Outpatients with COVID-19 Avoid Hospitalization – Johns Hopkins Medicine

Commentary: Convalescent plasma shows renewed promise for COVID-19 in outpatient trial – Science

 

[Preprint] Study showed reduced clinical severity of Covid-19 patients admitted to hospitals in Gauteng, South Africa, during the Omicron-dominant fourth wave – “any combination of a less-virulent virus, comorbidities, high immunity from prior infection(s) or vaccination may be important contributors to this clinical presentation”.

8 Jan, 2022 | 23:24h | UTC

Clinical Severity of COVID-19 Patients Admitted to Hospitals in Gauteng, South Africa During the Omicron-Dominant Fourth Wave – SSRN/Preprints with The Lancet

Commentary: SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant may be less severe than the delta variant – News Medical

 

WHO: 10 key global health moments from 2021.

8 Jan, 2022 | 23:20h | UTC

10 key global health moments from 2021 – World Health Organization

 

Commentary on Twitter (thread – click for more)

 

AHA Scientific Statement | Hypertension in pregnancy: diagnosis, blood pressure goals, and pharmacotherapy.

8 Jan, 2022 | 23:16h | UTC

Hypertension in Pregnancy: Diagnosis, Blood Pressure Goals, and Pharmacotherapy: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association – Hypertension

News Release: High blood pressure treatment in pregnancy is safe, prevents maternal heart risks – American Heart Association

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

AAN Guideline: Oral and topical treatment of painful diabetic polyneuropathy.

8 Jan, 2022 | 23:18h | UTC

Oral and Topical Treatment of Painful Diabetic Polyneuropathy: Practice Guideline Update Summary: Report of the AAN Guideline Subcommittee – Neurology

News Release: AAN Issues Guideline for Treatment of Painful Diabetic Neuropathy – American Academy of Neurology

 

AHA names top heart disease and stroke research advances of 2021.

8 Jan, 2022 | 23:14h | UTC

AHA names top heart disease and stroke research advances of 2021 – American Heart Association

 

New AAP Guidance recommends routine HIV screening to all youth 15 years or older.

8 Jan, 2022 | 23:13h | UTC

Adolescents and Young Adults: The Pediatrician’s Role in HIV Testing and Pre- and Postexposure HIV Prophylaxis – Pediatrics

Commentary: Pediatricians Can Play Key Role in HIV Testing, Prophylaxis – HealthDay

 

RCT: In older patients undergoing hip fracture surgery, regional anesthesia did not reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium compared to general anesthesia.

8 Jan, 2022 | 23:09h | UTC

Effect of Regional vs General Anesthesia on Incidence of Postoperative Delirium in Older Patients Undergoing Hip Fracture Surgery: The RAGA Randomized Trial – JAMA (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: China-wide study will boost understanding of fatal surgical complication – University of Birmingham

Related:

RCT: Spinal Anesthesia not Superior to General Anesthesia for Hip Surgery in Older Adults.

RCT: Similar long-term survival after combined epidural–general anesthesia vs. general anesthesia alone.

Delirium in Older Patients after Combined Epidural–General Anesthesia or General Anesthesia for Major Surgery: A Randomized Trial – Anesthesiology

 

FDA approves first injectable treatment for HIV pre-exposure prevention.

8 Jan, 2022 | 23:04h | UTC

FDA Approves First Injectable Treatment for HIV Pre-Exposure Prevention – U.S. Food & Drug Administration

Commentaries:

NIH celebrates FDA approval of long-acting injectable drug for HIV prevention – NIH News Releases

A new injection to prevent HIV, rather than pills, is a game-changer, scientists say – NPR

Related:

CDC Guidance: Preexposure Prophylaxis for Prevention of HIV Acquisition Among Adolescents

Study Shows High Burden of STI Among Individuals Using Preexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of HIV Infection

USPSTF Statement: Preexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of HIV Infection

British Guidelines on the Use of HIV Pre–exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) (several guidelines on the subject)

New Protocol for HIV Prevention Drug Reduces The Number Of Pills Required

 

RCT: Long-term supplementation with marine Omega-3 fatty acids does not reduce the risk of depressive symptoms.

8 Jan, 2022 | 23:10h | UTC

Effect of Long-term Supplementation With Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acids vs Placebo on Risk of Depression or Clinically Relevant Depressive Symptoms and on Change in Mood Scores: A Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: Clinical trial reveals that omega-3 fish oil supplements do not help prevent depression – Massachusetts General Hospital

 

RCT: Low-cost, easy to take antiretroviral treatment based on Dolutegravir as first- or second-Line therapy found to be non-inferior to standard care for treating HIV-1 infection in children.

8 Jan, 2022 | 23:07h | UTC

Dolutegravir as First- or Second-Line Treatment for HIV-1 Infection in Children – New England Journal of Medicine (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentary: Easy-to-take medicine better at suppressing HIV in children – University College London

 

Commentaries on Twitter

 

Janus kinase-targeting therapies in rheumatology: a mechanisms-based approach.

8 Jan, 2022 | 22:45h | UTC

Janus kinase-targeting therapies in rheumatology: a mechanisms-based approach – Nature Reviews Rheumatology (if the link is paywalled, try this one)

 

RCT: Vitamin D supplementation does not improve outcomes in people with early psychosis.

8 Jan, 2022 | 22:52h | UTC

Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Outcomes in People With Early Psychosis: The DFEND Randomized Clinical Trial – JAMA Network Open

 

5 things we learned about journal peer review in 2021.

8 Jan, 2022 | 22:51h | UTC

5 Things We Learned About Journal Peer Review in 2021 – Absolutely Maybe Blog, by Hilda Bastian

Related:

A billion-dollar donation: estimating the cost of researchers’ time spent on peer review.

M-A: Effects of experimental interventions to improve the peer‐review process – “Modifications of the traditional peer‐review process at reviewer‐level are associated with improved quality, at the price of longer duration.”

The $450 question: Should journals pay peer reviewers?

Opinion: Peer reviewers—time for mass rebellion?

5 things we learned about peer review in 2020

Editorial: Evaluation and Peer Review During a Pandemic

 

Review: Large-vessel vasculitis.

8 Jan, 2022 | 22:50h | UTC

Large-vessel vasculitis – Nature Reviews Disease Primers (if the link is paywalled, try this one)

Infographic: Large-vessel vasculitis (if the link is paywalled, try this one)

 

M-A of two randomized trials: Among men with high-risk non-metastatic prostate cancer, adding abiraterone and prednisolone to standard androgen-deprivation therapy was associated with improved 6-year metastasis-free survival (82% vs. 69% in the control group).

8 Jan, 2022 | 22:42h | UTC

Abiraterone acetate and prednisolone with or without enzalutamide for high-risk non-metastatic prostate cancer: a meta-analysis of primary results from two randomised controlled phase 3 trials of the STAMPEDE platform protocol – The Lancet (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Related Audio: Key messages of the recent report from the STAMPEDE trial platform

 

Systematic Review: Active surveillance for clinically localized prostate cancer to develop recommendations regarding inclusion of intermediate-risk disease, biopsy characteristics at inclusion and monitoring, and surveillance repeat biopsy strategy.

8 Jan, 2022 | 22:41h | UTC

Systematic Review of Active Surveillance for Clinically Localised Prostate Cancer to Develop Recommendations Regarding Inclusion of Intermediate-risk Disease, Biopsy Characteristics at Inclusion and Monitoring, and Surveillance Repeat Biopsy Strategy – European Urology

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

Meta-analysis (mostly of observational studies): In patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy, routine nasogastric decompression is associated with increased rates of delayed gastric emptying, major complications, and longer length of stay compared to no routine nasogastric decompression.

8 Jan, 2022 | 22:44h | UTC

Impact of routine nasogastric decompression versus no nasogastric decompression after pancreaticoduodenectomy on perioperative outcomes: meta-analysis – BJS Open

Related Study: Nasogastric Decompression vs No Decompression After Pancreaticoduodenectomy: The Randomized Clinical IPOD Trial – JAMA Surgery

 

Commentary on Twitter

 

In a large retrospective cohort study of patients with atrial fibrillation 65 years or older, treatment with rivaroxaban compared with apixaban was associated with increased risk of major ischemic or hemorrhagic events.

8 Jan, 2022 | 22:37h | UTC

Association of Rivaroxaban vs Apixaban With Major Ischemic or Hemorrhagic Events in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation – JAMA

Commentary: Apixaban Appears Safer, More Effective Than Rivaroxaban in Medicare Study – TCTMD

Related:

Meta-Analysis Comparing Apixaban Versus Rivaroxaban for Management of Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation – American Journal of Medicine

Observational Study Suggests Apixaban May Be a Better Choice than Rivaroxaban for Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

 

RCT: Postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) did not increase disease-free survival compared with no PORT in patients with completely resected non-small-cell lung cancer and proven mediastinal N2 involvement.

8 Jan, 2022 | 22:38h | UTC

Postoperative radiotherapy versus no postoperative radiotherapy in patients with completely resected non-small-cell lung cancer and proven mediastinal N2 involvement (Lung ART): an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial – The Lancet Oncology (link to abstract – $ for full-text)

Commentaries:

Postoperative Radiotherapy for Patients With Completely Resected Stage IIIA NSCLC and N2 Involvement – The ASCO Post

Post-Operative Radiotherapy Not Tied to Better Disease-Free Survival in NSCLC – MedPage Today (free registration required)

 

Retrospective cohort study: In patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE), treatment with apixaban was associated with lower rates for recurrent VTE and bleeding compared to rivaroxaban.

8 Jan, 2022 | 22:36h | UTC

Risk for Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism and Bleeding With Apixaban Compared With Rivaroxaban: An Analysis of Real-World Data – Annals of Internal Medicine

Commentaries:

Apixaban shows superior effectiveness, safety compared to rivaroxaban – ACP Internist

Recurrent VTE and Bleeding With Apixaban vs. Rivaroxaban – American College of Cardiology

 

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